A Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Minimal Erythema Dose for Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin
: Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces oxidative stress in the skin by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to inflammatory conditions including erythema (a sign of sunburn). This clinical study aims to develop an instrumental evaluation method to determine the minimal erythema do...
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| description | : Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces oxidative stress in the skin by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to inflammatory conditions including erythema (a sign of sunburn). This clinical study aims to develop an instrumental evaluation method to determine the minimal erythema dose (MED) for UVR.
: Fourteen human subjects aged 27 to 57 years (48.93 ± 8.54) participated in this study. Six subsites were designated on the test skin site of each subject and irradiated with UVR at different doses. The examiner visually assessed erythema, determining the 'visual MED'. Additionally, the a* value (a chrominance parameter presenting greenness to redness) was measured using a spectrophotometer as an indicator of erythema. The a* values of the UVR-irradiated subsites were compared to the non-irradiated control value, and the differences were referred to as Δa*. The Δa* value of the subsites irradiated with UVR at the 'visual MED' was referred to as the Δa*
for each subject. The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was chosen as a criterion value for the 'instrumental MED'. The 'instrumental MED' was defined as the lowest dose of UVR that causes an Δa* value equivalent to the criterion value. The 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values of all subjects were subjected to correlation analysis.
: The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was 1.88 ± 0.8. The means of the 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values (in J m
unit) of all subjects were 300.14 ± 84.16 and 303.29 ± 77.99, respectively. In Pearson correlation analysis, the 'instrumental MED' and 'visual MED' values had a very strong positive correlation with each other (r = 0.864,
= 0.000).
: This study suggests that the instrumental evaluation method of MED based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the a* values can complement or replace the visual evaluation method and that this method will be useful in monitoring skin tolerance to oxidative stress affected by prooxidant factors and defensive factors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/biomedicines12112544 |
| format | Article |
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: Fourteen human subjects aged 27 to 57 years (48.93 ± 8.54) participated in this study. Six subsites were designated on the test skin site of each subject and irradiated with UVR at different doses. The examiner visually assessed erythema, determining the 'visual MED'. Additionally, the a* value (a chrominance parameter presenting greenness to redness) was measured using a spectrophotometer as an indicator of erythema. The a* values of the UVR-irradiated subsites were compared to the non-irradiated control value, and the differences were referred to as Δa*. The Δa* value of the subsites irradiated with UVR at the 'visual MED' was referred to as the Δa*
for each subject. The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was chosen as a criterion value for the 'instrumental MED'. The 'instrumental MED' was defined as the lowest dose of UVR that causes an Δa* value equivalent to the criterion value. The 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values of all subjects were subjected to correlation analysis.
: The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was 1.88 ± 0.8. The means of the 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values (in J m
unit) of all subjects were 300.14 ± 84.16 and 303.29 ± 77.99, respectively. In Pearson correlation analysis, the 'instrumental MED' and 'visual MED' values had a very strong positive correlation with each other (r = 0.864,
= 0.000).
: This study suggests that the instrumental evaluation method of MED based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the a* values can complement or replace the visual evaluation method and that this method will be useful in monitoring skin tolerance to oxidative stress affected by prooxidant factors and defensive factors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2227-9059</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2227-9059</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12112544</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39595110</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Correlation analysis ; Erythema ; Human subjects ; MED ; Methods ; minimal erythema dose ; Oxidative stress ; Reactive oxygen species ; redness ; Skin ; Skin tests ; Spectrophotometry ; Ultraviolet radiation ; UVR</subject><ispartof>Biomedicines, 2024-11, Vol.12 (11), p.2544</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3644-cb0e97324f3007558352e8f97f6d7e5ee38c49aafdd477a0fe0f4feae9e5950d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9895-2066 ; 0000-0001-9287-1070</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591902/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11591902/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39595110$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Eun Ju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chung Han</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baek, Ji Hwoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koh, Jae Sook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boo, Yong Chool</creatorcontrib><title>A Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Minimal Erythema Dose for Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin</title><title>Biomedicines</title><addtitle>Biomedicines</addtitle><description>: Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces oxidative stress in the skin by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to inflammatory conditions including erythema (a sign of sunburn). This clinical study aims to develop an instrumental evaluation method to determine the minimal erythema dose (MED) for UVR.
: Fourteen human subjects aged 27 to 57 years (48.93 ± 8.54) participated in this study. Six subsites were designated on the test skin site of each subject and irradiated with UVR at different doses. The examiner visually assessed erythema, determining the 'visual MED'. Additionally, the a* value (a chrominance parameter presenting greenness to redness) was measured using a spectrophotometer as an indicator of erythema. The a* values of the UVR-irradiated subsites were compared to the non-irradiated control value, and the differences were referred to as Δa*. The Δa* value of the subsites irradiated with UVR at the 'visual MED' was referred to as the Δa*
for each subject. The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was chosen as a criterion value for the 'instrumental MED'. The 'instrumental MED' was defined as the lowest dose of UVR that causes an Δa* value equivalent to the criterion value. The 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values of all subjects were subjected to correlation analysis.
: The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was 1.88 ± 0.8. The means of the 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values (in J m
unit) of all subjects were 300.14 ± 84.16 and 303.29 ± 77.99, respectively. In Pearson correlation analysis, the 'instrumental MED' and 'visual MED' values had a very strong positive correlation with each other (r = 0.864,
= 0.000).
: This study suggests that the instrumental evaluation method of MED based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the a* values can complement or replace the visual evaluation method and that this method will be useful in monitoring skin tolerance to oxidative stress affected by prooxidant factors and defensive factors.</description><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Erythema</subject><subject>Human subjects</subject><subject>MED</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>minimal erythema dose</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Reactive oxygen species</subject><subject>redness</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin tests</subject><subject>Spectrophotometry</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>UVR</subject><issn>2227-9059</issn><issn>2227-9059</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1vEzEQhlcIRKvSf4CQJS5cUvyZXZ9Q1BZaqRUSpWfLa48Th1072N5K_fd1SCkNqn2wNX7nGb-jaZr3BJ8wJvHn3scRrDc-QCaUECo4f9UcUkrbmcRCvn52P2iOc17juiRhHeFvmwMmhRSE4MPGLdDNBkxJcbOKpUJL8gZdQ1lFi0pEZ1AgjbUMuvbBj3pA5-m-rGDU6CxmQC4mdDuUpO98HKCgH9p6XXwMyAd0MY06oJtfPrxr3jg9ZDh-PI-a26_nP08vZlffv12eLq5mhs05n5keg2wZ5Y5h3ArRMUGhc7J1c9uCAGCd4VJrZy1vW40dYMcdaJBQDWHLjprLHddGvVabVH-c7lXUXv0JxLRUOhVvBlBzbQiZ96I10vKOk14T23I576h1kpkt68uOtZn62mwDodoc9qD7L8Gv1DLeKUKEJBLTSvj0SEjx9wS5qNFnA8OgA8QpK0YY46STlFfpx_-k6zilUHu1VdFqjmDxT7XU1YEPLtbCZgtVi450WMqqrKqTF1R1Wxi9iQGcr_G9BL5LMCnmnMA9mSRYbedNvTRvNe3D8wY9Jf2dLvYAF2rTqw</recordid><startdate>20241107</startdate><enddate>20241107</enddate><creator>Lee, Eun Ju</creator><creator>Lee, Chung Han</creator><creator>Baek, Ji Hwoon</creator><creator>Koh, Jae Sook</creator><creator>Boo, Yong Chool</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-2066</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-1070</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241107</creationdate><title>A Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Minimal Erythema Dose for Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin</title><author>Lee, Eun Ju ; Lee, Chung Han ; Baek, Ji Hwoon ; Koh, Jae Sook ; Boo, Yong Chool</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3644-cb0e97324f3007558352e8f97f6d7e5ee38c49aafdd477a0fe0f4feae9e5950d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Erythema</topic><topic>Human subjects</topic><topic>MED</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>minimal erythema dose</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Reactive oxygen species</topic><topic>redness</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin tests</topic><topic>Spectrophotometry</topic><topic>Ultraviolet radiation</topic><topic>UVR</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Eun Ju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chung Han</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baek, Ji Hwoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koh, Jae Sook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boo, Yong Chool</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Biomedicines</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Eun Ju</au><au>Lee, Chung Han</au><au>Baek, Ji Hwoon</au><au>Koh, Jae Sook</au><au>Boo, Yong Chool</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Minimal Erythema Dose for Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin</atitle><jtitle>Biomedicines</jtitle><addtitle>Biomedicines</addtitle><date>2024-11-07</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2544</spage><pages>2544-</pages><issn>2227-9059</issn><eissn>2227-9059</eissn><abstract>: Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces oxidative stress in the skin by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to inflammatory conditions including erythema (a sign of sunburn). This clinical study aims to develop an instrumental evaluation method to determine the minimal erythema dose (MED) for UVR.
: Fourteen human subjects aged 27 to 57 years (48.93 ± 8.54) participated in this study. Six subsites were designated on the test skin site of each subject and irradiated with UVR at different doses. The examiner visually assessed erythema, determining the 'visual MED'. Additionally, the a* value (a chrominance parameter presenting greenness to redness) was measured using a spectrophotometer as an indicator of erythema. The a* values of the UVR-irradiated subsites were compared to the non-irradiated control value, and the differences were referred to as Δa*. The Δa* value of the subsites irradiated with UVR at the 'visual MED' was referred to as the Δa*
for each subject. The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was chosen as a criterion value for the 'instrumental MED'. The 'instrumental MED' was defined as the lowest dose of UVR that causes an Δa* value equivalent to the criterion value. The 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values of all subjects were subjected to correlation analysis.
: The mean of the Δa*
values of all subjects was 1.88 ± 0.8. The means of the 'visual MED' and 'instrumental MED' values (in J m
unit) of all subjects were 300.14 ± 84.16 and 303.29 ± 77.99, respectively. In Pearson correlation analysis, the 'instrumental MED' and 'visual MED' values had a very strong positive correlation with each other (r = 0.864,
= 0.000).
: This study suggests that the instrumental evaluation method of MED based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the a* values can complement or replace the visual evaluation method and that this method will be useful in monitoring skin tolerance to oxidative stress affected by prooxidant factors and defensive factors.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39595110</pmid><doi>10.3390/biomedicines12112544</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-2066</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-1070</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Correlation analysis Erythema Human subjects MED Methods minimal erythema dose Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species redness Skin Skin tests Spectrophotometry Ultraviolet radiation UVR |
| title | A Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Minimal Erythema Dose for Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin |
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