Size and shape matter for micellar catalysis using light-responsive azobenzene surfactants
The micellar catalysis of a model Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation reaction using heterogeneous nanoreactors based on cationic azobenzene trimethylammonium bromide (AzoTAB) photosurfactants is investigated. Under UV irradiation, AzoTABs undergo a trans - cis photoisomerisation, which changes not o...
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creator | Blayo, Camille Jones, Beatrice E Bennison, Michael J Evans, Rachel C |
description | The micellar catalysis of a model Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation reaction using heterogeneous nanoreactors based on cationic azobenzene trimethylammonium bromide (AzoTAB) photosurfactants is investigated. Under UV irradiation, AzoTABs undergo a
trans
-
cis
photoisomerisation, which changes not only the critical micelle concentration, but also the shape and size of the micelle. The effect of surfactant structure (tail and spacer lengths), concentration and temperature on the reaction yield were investigated. Monitoring of the zeta potential during the reaction indicated that it proceeds at the micelle/water interface for AzoTABs, with the enolate intermediate stabilised in micelle/water interface (
i.e.
the Stern layer). The reaction yield was found to correlate directly to micellar shape and size, with smaller, more spherical micelles typical of
cis
-AzoTABs favouring higher reaction efficiencies.
We show that the reaction conversion efficiency of a Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation under micellar conditions in water is controlled by the shape and size of the micelle nanoreactors. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1039/d4ob01587h |
format | Article |
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trans
-
cis
photoisomerisation, which changes not only the critical micelle concentration, but also the shape and size of the micelle. The effect of surfactant structure (tail and spacer lengths), concentration and temperature on the reaction yield were investigated. Monitoring of the zeta potential during the reaction indicated that it proceeds at the micelle/water interface for AzoTABs, with the enolate intermediate stabilised in micelle/water interface (
i.e.
the Stern layer). The reaction yield was found to correlate directly to micellar shape and size, with smaller, more spherical micelles typical of
cis
-AzoTABs favouring higher reaction efficiencies.
We show that the reaction conversion efficiency of a Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation under micellar conditions in water is controlled by the shape and size of the micelle nanoreactors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1477-0520</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1477-0539</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1477-0539</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01587h</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39509081</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Aldehydes ; Azo compounds ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; Irradiation ; Micelles ; Shape effects ; Surfactants ; Ultraviolet radiation ; UV stabilizers ; Zeta potential</subject><ispartof>Organic & biomolecular chemistry, 2024-12, Vol.23 (1), p.138-144</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2025</rights><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c318t-d60fca7d90b5d3b8871eb7dda10e67313840132c0c4c846a30dbe66dc877c3563</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0155-6137 ; 0000-0003-2956-4857 ; 0000-0001-9594-0932 ; 0000-0003-3569-8931</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39509081$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Blayo, Camille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Beatrice E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bennison, Michael J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evans, Rachel C</creatorcontrib><title>Size and shape matter for micellar catalysis using light-responsive azobenzene surfactants</title><title>Organic & biomolecular chemistry</title><addtitle>Org Biomol Chem</addtitle><description>The micellar catalysis of a model Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation reaction using heterogeneous nanoreactors based on cationic azobenzene trimethylammonium bromide (AzoTAB) photosurfactants is investigated. Under UV irradiation, AzoTABs undergo a
trans
-
cis
photoisomerisation, which changes not only the critical micelle concentration, but also the shape and size of the micelle. The effect of surfactant structure (tail and spacer lengths), concentration and temperature on the reaction yield were investigated. Monitoring of the zeta potential during the reaction indicated that it proceeds at the micelle/water interface for AzoTABs, with the enolate intermediate stabilised in micelle/water interface (
i.e.
the Stern layer). The reaction yield was found to correlate directly to micellar shape and size, with smaller, more spherical micelles typical of
cis
-AzoTABs favouring higher reaction efficiencies.
We show that the reaction conversion efficiency of a Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation under micellar conditions in water is controlled by the shape and size of the micelle nanoreactors.</description><subject>Aldehydes</subject><subject>Azo compounds</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Micelles</subject><subject>Shape effects</subject><subject>Surfactants</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>UV stabilizers</subject><subject>Zeta potential</subject><issn>1477-0520</issn><issn>1477-0539</issn><issn>1477-0539</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkc1P3DAQxS3Uio8tF-5UlnpBlULHayd2TojSD5CQOLS99GI5trNrlNiL7SCxf30NSxfa04w0v3l6Tw-hIwKnBGj7ybDQAakFX-6gfcI4r6Cm7ZvtPoc9dJDSLQBpecN20R5ta2hBkH30-4dbW6y8wWmpVhaPKmcbcR8iHp22w6Ai1iqr4SG5hKfk_AIPbrHMVbRpFXxy9-V9HTrr19ZbnKbYK52Vz-kdeturIdnD5zlDv759_XlxWV3ffL-6OL-uNCUiV6aBXituWuhqQzshOLEdN0YRsA2nhAoGhM41aKYFaxQF09mmMVpwrmnd0Bk62-iupm60RlufoxrkKrpRxQcZlJP_XrxbykW4l4SUbwqsKJw8K8RwN9mU5ejSU3hvw5QkJXNRvEKxM0Mf_kNvwxR9yVco1hAKXEChPm4oHUNK0fZbNwTkY2fyC7v5_NTZZYHfv_a_Rf-WVIDjDRCT3l5fSqd_ANIRnTg</recordid><startdate>20241218</startdate><enddate>20241218</enddate><creator>Blayo, Camille</creator><creator>Jones, Beatrice E</creator><creator>Bennison, Michael J</creator><creator>Evans, Rachel C</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><general>The Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-6137</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2956-4857</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-0932</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-8931</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241218</creationdate><title>Size and shape matter for micellar catalysis using light-responsive azobenzene surfactants</title><author>Blayo, Camille ; Jones, Beatrice E ; Bennison, Michael J ; Evans, Rachel C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c318t-d60fca7d90b5d3b8871eb7dda10e67313840132c0c4c846a30dbe66dc877c3563</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Aldehydes</topic><topic>Azo compounds</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Irradiation</topic><topic>Micelles</topic><topic>Shape effects</topic><topic>Surfactants</topic><topic>Ultraviolet radiation</topic><topic>UV stabilizers</topic><topic>Zeta potential</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Blayo, Camille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Beatrice E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bennison, Michael J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evans, Rachel C</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Organic & biomolecular chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Blayo, Camille</au><au>Jones, Beatrice E</au><au>Bennison, Michael J</au><au>Evans, Rachel C</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Size and shape matter for micellar catalysis using light-responsive azobenzene surfactants</atitle><jtitle>Organic & biomolecular chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Org Biomol Chem</addtitle><date>2024-12-18</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>138</spage><epage>144</epage><pages>138-144</pages><issn>1477-0520</issn><issn>1477-0539</issn><eissn>1477-0539</eissn><abstract>The micellar catalysis of a model Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation reaction using heterogeneous nanoreactors based on cationic azobenzene trimethylammonium bromide (AzoTAB) photosurfactants is investigated. Under UV irradiation, AzoTABs undergo a
trans
-
cis
photoisomerisation, which changes not only the critical micelle concentration, but also the shape and size of the micelle. The effect of surfactant structure (tail and spacer lengths), concentration and temperature on the reaction yield were investigated. Monitoring of the zeta potential during the reaction indicated that it proceeds at the micelle/water interface for AzoTABs, with the enolate intermediate stabilised in micelle/water interface (
i.e.
the Stern layer). The reaction yield was found to correlate directly to micellar shape and size, with smaller, more spherical micelles typical of
cis
-AzoTABs favouring higher reaction efficiencies.
We show that the reaction conversion efficiency of a Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation under micellar conditions in water is controlled by the shape and size of the micelle nanoreactors.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>39509081</pmid><doi>10.1039/d4ob01587h</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-6137</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2956-4857</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-0932</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-8931</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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language | eng |
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source | Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals 2008-; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Aldehydes Azo compounds Catalysis Chemistry Irradiation Micelles Shape effects Surfactants Ultraviolet radiation UV stabilizers Zeta potential |
title | Size and shape matter for micellar catalysis using light-responsive azobenzene surfactants |
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