Effect of Material and Structure of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Body Armor on Ballistic Limit Velocity: Numerical Simulation
The material properties and structural characteristics of ballistic composites are crucial to their ballistic performance. A numerical model of a 1.1 g FSP penetrating a UHMWPE target plate was established in this paper. The numerical results show that the failure process of the body armor target pl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2024-10, Vol.16 (21), p.2985 |
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| creator | Bian, Jiang Dai, Kaida Lv, Xiaojiang Huang, Zilu Wu, Guangrun Zhang, Yuan |
| description | The material properties and structural characteristics of ballistic composites are crucial to their ballistic performance. A numerical model of a 1.1 g FSP penetrating a UHMWPE target plate was established in this paper. The numerical results show that the failure process of the body armor target plate primarily involves shear failure, interlayer delamination, and tensile failure. Based on this, further research was conducted on the influence of material properties and structural characteristics on the ballistic limit velocity of the UHMWPE armor plate. Furthermore, the study evaluates the effects of elastic modulus, tensile strength, shear strength, number of layers, and interlayer strength on the ballistic limit velocity of UHMWPE body armor. The findings reveal that the ballistic limit velocity is most sensitive to changes in shear strength, with variation rates ranging from -18% to +11%, showing an approximate positive correlation, while the elastic modulus has the smallest impact on ballistic limit velocity, with variation rates ranging from -2% to +4%. Additionally, appropriate interlayer strength can improve the ballistic limit velocity of the body armor to a certain extent. This study provides theoretical methods and recommendations for optimizing anti-penetration performance of UHMWPE body armor. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/polym16212985 |
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A numerical model of a 1.1 g FSP penetrating a UHMWPE target plate was established in this paper. The numerical results show that the failure process of the body armor target plate primarily involves shear failure, interlayer delamination, and tensile failure. Based on this, further research was conducted on the influence of material properties and structural characteristics on the ballistic limit velocity of the UHMWPE armor plate. Furthermore, the study evaluates the effects of elastic modulus, tensile strength, shear strength, number of layers, and interlayer strength on the ballistic limit velocity of UHMWPE body armor. The findings reveal that the ballistic limit velocity is most sensitive to changes in shear strength, with variation rates ranging from -18% to +11%, showing an approximate positive correlation, while the elastic modulus has the smallest impact on ballistic limit velocity, with variation rates ranging from -2% to +4%. Additionally, appropriate interlayer strength can improve the ballistic limit velocity of the body armor to a certain extent. This study provides theoretical methods and recommendations for optimizing anti-penetration performance of UHMWPE body armor.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym16212985</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39518195</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Antiballistic materials ; Armor ; Armor penetration ; Ballistic penetration ; Body armor ; Composite materials ; Deformation ; Elastic limit ; Elastic properties ; Energy dissipation ; Experiments ; Failure ; Interlayers ; Laminated materials ; Laminates ; Material properties ; Mechanical properties ; Modulus of elasticity ; Molecular structure ; Numerical analysis ; Numerical models ; Polyethylene ; Shear strength ; Simulation ; Simulation methods ; Tensile strength ; Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene ; Velocity</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2024-10, Vol.16 (21), p.2985</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-cdcaf376e13da311c53ca52c63eb46269b06fcaf9f9795fd5e930ffae651ca9e3</cites><orcidid>0009-0008-6121-6522 ; 0000-0002-5507-5603</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11548530/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11548530/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39518195$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bian, Jiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Kaida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lv, Xiaojiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zilu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Guangrun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yuan</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of Material and Structure of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Body Armor on Ballistic Limit Velocity: Numerical Simulation</title><title>Polymers</title><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><description>The material properties and structural characteristics of ballistic composites are crucial to their ballistic performance. A numerical model of a 1.1 g FSP penetrating a UHMWPE target plate was established in this paper. The numerical results show that the failure process of the body armor target plate primarily involves shear failure, interlayer delamination, and tensile failure. Based on this, further research was conducted on the influence of material properties and structural characteristics on the ballistic limit velocity of the UHMWPE armor plate. Furthermore, the study evaluates the effects of elastic modulus, tensile strength, shear strength, number of layers, and interlayer strength on the ballistic limit velocity of UHMWPE body armor. The findings reveal that the ballistic limit velocity is most sensitive to changes in shear strength, with variation rates ranging from -18% to +11%, showing an approximate positive correlation, while the elastic modulus has the smallest impact on ballistic limit velocity, with variation rates ranging from -2% to +4%. Additionally, appropriate interlayer strength can improve the ballistic limit velocity of the body armor to a certain extent. This study provides theoretical methods and recommendations for optimizing anti-penetration performance of UHMWPE body armor.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antiballistic materials</subject><subject>Armor</subject><subject>Armor penetration</subject><subject>Ballistic penetration</subject><subject>Body armor</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Deformation</subject><subject>Elastic limit</subject><subject>Elastic properties</subject><subject>Energy dissipation</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Failure</subject><subject>Interlayers</subject><subject>Laminated materials</subject><subject>Laminates</subject><subject>Material properties</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Molecular structure</subject><subject>Numerical analysis</subject><subject>Numerical models</subject><subject>Polyethylene</subject><subject>Shear strength</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Simulation methods</subject><subject>Tensile strength</subject><subject>Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkk1v1DAQhiMEolXpkSuyxIVLih3HTswFbatCkbaAVArHyOuMd1059tZxkPIT-q87qy1Vi33wxzzzzjvSFMVbRk84V_TjNvp5YLJilWrFi-Kwog0vay7pyyf3g-J4HG8orlpIyZrXxQFXgrVMicPi7txaMJlESy51huS0Jzr05CqnyeQpwS5y7XPS5YVbb8rL6MFMXqfyD-A7k59oAfJm9hCAnMZ-Jos0xERiIKfaezdmZ8jSDS6T3-CjcXn-RL5PA5YyWOvKDaiWXQxvildW-xGOH86j4vrL-a-zi3L54-u3s8WyNLxmuTS90ZY3EhjvNWfMCG60qIzksKplJdWKSouIsqpRwvYCFKfWapCCGa2AHxWf97rbaTVAbyBgc77bJjfoNHdRu-55JLhNt45_O8ZE3QpOUeHDg0KKtxOMuRvcaMB7HSBOY8dZ1TZ1XdUM0ff_oTdxSgH721GSUgQrpE721Fp76FywEQsb3D0MzsQA1uH_okUDFboQmFDuE0yK45jAPtpntNtNRvdsMpB_97TnR_rfHPB7v-m3fQ</recordid><startdate>20241024</startdate><enddate>20241024</enddate><creator>Bian, Jiang</creator><creator>Dai, Kaida</creator><creator>Lv, Xiaojiang</creator><creator>Huang, Zilu</creator><creator>Wu, Guangrun</creator><creator>Zhang, Yuan</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6121-6522</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5507-5603</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241024</creationdate><title>Effect of Material and Structure of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Body Armor on Ballistic Limit Velocity: Numerical Simulation</title><author>Bian, Jiang ; Dai, Kaida ; Lv, Xiaojiang ; Huang, Zilu ; Wu, Guangrun ; Zhang, Yuan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-cdcaf376e13da311c53ca52c63eb46269b06fcaf9f9795fd5e930ffae651ca9e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antiballistic materials</topic><topic>Armor</topic><topic>Armor penetration</topic><topic>Ballistic penetration</topic><topic>Body armor</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Deformation</topic><topic>Elastic limit</topic><topic>Elastic properties</topic><topic>Energy dissipation</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Failure</topic><topic>Interlayers</topic><topic>Laminated materials</topic><topic>Laminates</topic><topic>Material properties</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Modulus of elasticity</topic><topic>Molecular structure</topic><topic>Numerical analysis</topic><topic>Numerical models</topic><topic>Polyethylene</topic><topic>Shear strength</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Simulation methods</topic><topic>Tensile strength</topic><topic>Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bian, Jiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Kaida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lv, Xiaojiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zilu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Guangrun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yuan</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bian, Jiang</au><au>Dai, Kaida</au><au>Lv, Xiaojiang</au><au>Huang, Zilu</au><au>Wu, Guangrun</au><au>Zhang, Yuan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Material and Structure of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Body Armor on Ballistic Limit Velocity: Numerical Simulation</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><date>2024-10-24</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>21</issue><spage>2985</spage><pages>2985-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>The material properties and structural characteristics of ballistic composites are crucial to their ballistic performance. A numerical model of a 1.1 g FSP penetrating a UHMWPE target plate was established in this paper. The numerical results show that the failure process of the body armor target plate primarily involves shear failure, interlayer delamination, and tensile failure. Based on this, further research was conducted on the influence of material properties and structural characteristics on the ballistic limit velocity of the UHMWPE armor plate. Furthermore, the study evaluates the effects of elastic modulus, tensile strength, shear strength, number of layers, and interlayer strength on the ballistic limit velocity of UHMWPE body armor. The findings reveal that the ballistic limit velocity is most sensitive to changes in shear strength, with variation rates ranging from -18% to +11%, showing an approximate positive correlation, while the elastic modulus has the smallest impact on ballistic limit velocity, with variation rates ranging from -2% to +4%. Additionally, appropriate interlayer strength can improve the ballistic limit velocity of the body armor to a certain extent. This study provides theoretical methods and recommendations for optimizing anti-penetration performance of UHMWPE body armor.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39518195</pmid><doi>10.3390/polym16212985</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6121-6522</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5507-5603</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Antiballistic materials Armor Armor penetration Ballistic penetration Body armor Composite materials Deformation Elastic limit Elastic properties Energy dissipation Experiments Failure Interlayers Laminated materials Laminates Material properties Mechanical properties Modulus of elasticity Molecular structure Numerical analysis Numerical models Polyethylene Shear strength Simulation Simulation methods Tensile strength Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Velocity |
| title | Effect of Material and Structure of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Body Armor on Ballistic Limit Velocity: Numerical Simulation |
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