Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length
Studies have shown that consistent reductions of 2 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) for the general normotensive population can result in significant decreases in mortality from heart disease and stroke. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the optimal dose and duration of treatm...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrients 2024-10, Vol.16 (21), p.3617 |
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| creator | Behers, Benjamin J Behers, Brett M Stephenson-Moe, Christoph A Vargas, Ian A Meng, Zhuo Thompson, Anthony J Melchor, Julian Wojtas, Caroline N Rosario, Manuel A Baker, Joel F Deevers, Alexander C Mouratidis, Roxann W Sweeney, Michael J |
| description | Studies have shown that consistent reductions of 2 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) for the general normotensive population can result in significant decreases in mortality from heart disease and stroke. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the optimal dose and duration of treatment for magnesium and potassium supplementation, having previously discovered that both reduce SBP by -2.79 and -2.10 mm Hg, respectively.
Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials examining the effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on SBP were identified. Pairwise meta-analyses with subgroups for dosage and treatment duration were run.
Magnesium at dosages of ≤360 mg/day and durations greater than 3 months reduced SBP by -3.03 and -4.31 mm Hg, respectively. Potassium at dosages of ≤60 mmol/day and durations greater than 1 month reduced SBP by -2.34 and -2.80 mm Hg, respectively.
Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and provide tailored recommendations. These studies could investigate varying dosages over long-term follow-up to provide robust data on optimal dosages and treatment durations, as our findings were limited due to reliance on previously published trials. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu16213617 |
| format | Article |
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Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials examining the effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on SBP were identified. Pairwise meta-analyses with subgroups for dosage and treatment duration were run.
Magnesium at dosages of ≤360 mg/day and durations greater than 3 months reduced SBP by -3.03 and -4.31 mm Hg, respectively. Potassium at dosages of ≤60 mmol/day and durations greater than 1 month reduced SBP by -2.34 and -2.80 mm Hg, respectively.
Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and provide tailored recommendations. These studies could investigate varying dosages over long-term follow-up to provide robust data on optimal dosages and treatment durations, as our findings were limited due to reliance on previously published trials.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu16213617</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39519450</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood pressure ; Blood Pressure - drug effects ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cerebrovascular disease ; Coronary vessels ; Cytokines ; Dietary Supplements ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Extracellular matrix ; Female ; Health aspects ; Heart ; Heart diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension - drug therapy ; Immune system ; Magnesium - administration & dosage ; Male ; Meta-analysis ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Nitric oxide ; Oxidative stress ; Potassium ; Potassium - blood ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Smooth muscle ; Stroke ; Systematic Review ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; United Kingdom ; Vein & artery diseases ; Vitamins</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2024-10, Vol.16 (21), p.3617</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c363t-ae9c02b227dfb351299b54de241575f22943920cc38850a2d3bfe3ad246af5c03</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2951-7244</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11547496/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11547496/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39519450$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Behers, Benjamin J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Behers, Brett M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stephenson-Moe, Christoph A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vargas, Ian A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meng, Zhuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, Anthony J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melchor, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wojtas, Caroline N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosario, Manuel A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baker, Joel F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deevers, Alexander C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mouratidis, Roxann W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sweeney, Michael J</creatorcontrib><title>Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Studies have shown that consistent reductions of 2 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) for the general normotensive population can result in significant decreases in mortality from heart disease and stroke. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the optimal dose and duration of treatment for magnesium and potassium supplementation, having previously discovered that both reduce SBP by -2.79 and -2.10 mm Hg, respectively.
Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials examining the effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on SBP were identified. Pairwise meta-analyses with subgroups for dosage and treatment duration were run.
Magnesium at dosages of ≤360 mg/day and durations greater than 3 months reduced SBP by -3.03 and -4.31 mm Hg, respectively. Potassium at dosages of ≤60 mmol/day and durations greater than 1 month reduced SBP by -2.34 and -2.80 mm Hg, respectively.
Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and provide tailored recommendations. These studies could investigate varying dosages over long-term follow-up to provide robust data on optimal dosages and treatment durations, as our findings were limited due to reliance on previously published trials.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - drug effects</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cerebrovascular disease</subject><subject>Coronary vessels</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Extracellular matrix</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Hypertension - drug therapy</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Magnesium - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Nitric oxide</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Potassium - 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The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the optimal dose and duration of treatment for magnesium and potassium supplementation, having previously discovered that both reduce SBP by -2.79 and -2.10 mm Hg, respectively.
Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials examining the effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on SBP were identified. Pairwise meta-analyses with subgroups for dosage and treatment duration were run.
Magnesium at dosages of ≤360 mg/day and durations greater than 3 months reduced SBP by -3.03 and -4.31 mm Hg, respectively. Potassium at dosages of ≤60 mmol/day and durations greater than 1 month reduced SBP by -2.34 and -2.80 mm Hg, respectively.
Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and provide tailored recommendations. These studies could investigate varying dosages over long-term follow-up to provide robust data on optimal dosages and treatment durations, as our findings were limited due to reliance on previously published trials.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39519450</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu16213617</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2951-7244</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Atherosclerosis Blood pressure Blood Pressure - drug effects Cardiovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease Coronary vessels Cytokines Dietary Supplements Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Extracellular matrix Female Health aspects Heart Heart diseases Humans Hypertension Hypertension - drug therapy Immune system Magnesium - administration & dosage Male Meta-analysis Middle Aged Mortality Nitric oxide Oxidative stress Potassium Potassium - blood Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Smooth muscle Stroke Systematic Review Tumor necrosis factor-TNF United Kingdom Vein & artery diseases Vitamins |
| title | Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length |
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