Plastic brain structure changes associated with the division of labor and aging in termites
Division of labor is a prominent feature of social insect societies, where different castes engage in different specialized tasks. As brain differences are associated with behavioral differences, brain anatomy may be linked to caste polymorphism. Here, we show that termite brain morphology changes m...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Development, growth & differentiation growth & differentiation, 2023-09, Vol.65 (7), p.374-383 |
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| creator | Ishibashi, Tomoki Waliullah, A S M Aramaki, Shuhei Kamiya, Masaki Kahyo, Tomoaki Nakamura, Katsumasa Tasaki, Eisuke Takata, Mamoru Setou, Mitsutoshi Matsuura, Kenji |
| description | Division of labor is a prominent feature of social insect societies, where different castes engage in different specialized tasks. As brain differences are associated with behavioral differences, brain anatomy may be linked to caste polymorphism. Here, we show that termite brain morphology changes markedly with caste differentiation and age in the termite, Reticulitermes speratus. Brain morphology was shown to be associated with reproductive division of labor, with reproductive individuals (alates and neotenic reproductives) having larger brains than nonreproductives (workers and soldiers). Micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging and dissection observations showed that the king's brain morphology changed markedly with shrinkage of the optic lobes during their long life in the dark. Behavioral experiments showed that mature primary kings lose visual function as a result of optic lobe shrinkage. These results suggested that termites restructure their nervous systems to perform necessary tasks as they undergo caste differentiation, and that they also show flexible changes in brain morphology even after the final molt. This study showed that brain morphology in social insects is linked to caste and aging, and that the evolution of the division of labor is underpinned by the development of diverse neural systems for specialized tasks. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/dgd.12873 |
| format | Article |
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As brain differences are associated with behavioral differences, brain anatomy may be linked to caste polymorphism. Here, we show that termite brain morphology changes markedly with caste differentiation and age in the termite, Reticulitermes speratus. Brain morphology was shown to be associated with reproductive division of labor, with reproductive individuals (alates and neotenic reproductives) having larger brains than nonreproductives (workers and soldiers). Micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging and dissection observations showed that the king's brain morphology changed markedly with shrinkage of the optic lobes during their long life in the dark. Behavioral experiments showed that mature primary kings lose visual function as a result of optic lobe shrinkage. These results suggested that termites restructure their nervous systems to perform necessary tasks as they undergo caste differentiation, and that they also show flexible changes in brain morphology even after the final molt. This study showed that brain morphology in social insects is linked to caste and aging, and that the evolution of the division of labor is underpinned by the development of diverse neural systems for specialized tasks.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-1592</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1440-169X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1440-169X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12873</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37357446</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Aging ; Animals ; Brain ; Brain - diagnostic imaging ; Caste differentiation ; Castes ; Computed tomography ; Division of labor ; Humans ; Isoptera - physiology ; Molting ; Morphology ; Neuroimaging ; Neuroplasticity ; Optic lobe ; Reticulitermes speratus ; Soldiers (insect caste) ; Termites ; Visual perception ; X-Ray Microtomography</subject><ispartof>Development, growth & differentiation, 2023-09, Vol.65 (7), p.374-383</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. Development, Growth & Differentiation published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Developmental Biologists.</rights><rights>2023. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). 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As brain differences are associated with behavioral differences, brain anatomy may be linked to caste polymorphism. Here, we show that termite brain morphology changes markedly with caste differentiation and age in the termite, Reticulitermes speratus. Brain morphology was shown to be associated with reproductive division of labor, with reproductive individuals (alates and neotenic reproductives) having larger brains than nonreproductives (workers and soldiers). Micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging and dissection observations showed that the king's brain morphology changed markedly with shrinkage of the optic lobes during their long life in the dark. Behavioral experiments showed that mature primary kings lose visual function as a result of optic lobe shrinkage. These results suggested that termites restructure their nervous systems to perform necessary tasks as they undergo caste differentiation, and that they also show flexible changes in brain morphology even after the final molt. This study showed that brain morphology in social insects is linked to caste and aging, and that the evolution of the division of labor is underpinned by the development of diverse neural systems for specialized tasks.</description><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Caste differentiation</subject><subject>Castes</subject><subject>Computed tomography</subject><subject>Division of labor</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Isoptera - physiology</subject><subject>Molting</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Neuroimaging</subject><subject>Neuroplasticity</subject><subject>Optic lobe</subject><subject>Reticulitermes speratus</subject><subject>Soldiers (insect caste)</subject><subject>Termites</subject><subject>Visual perception</subject><subject>X-Ray Microtomography</subject><issn>0012-1592</issn><issn>1440-169X</issn><issn>1440-169X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUlLJTEURoPY6HNY-AeagBtdlJ2pKpWViDiB0L1QEFyEVIZ6kXqJnaRs-t93HLG9m7u4h8N3-QDYw-gI1_lhRnOESc_pGlhgxlCDO3G3DhYIYdLgVpBNsJXzA0KIMUw2wCbltOWMdQtw_2tSuXgNh6R8gLmkWZc5WaiXKow2Q5Vz1F4Va-AfX5awLC00_slnHwOMDk5qiAmqYKAafRhhlRSbVr7YvAO-OTVlu_u2t8Ht-dnN6WVz_fPi6vTkutGM9aUxeuiw4QxxR5hTtBfOcG0Ica0QRNuBIOocFkp0lGOrMaUD1QNjVNPB9oxug-NX7-M8rKzRNpSkJvmY_EqlvzIqL_-_BL-UY3ySGLcEVWs1HLwZUvw921zkymdtp0kFG-csSU8ER63AqKL7X9CHOKdQ_6tU19G26ziv1OErpVPMOVn3kQYj-dyZrJ3Jl84q-_1z_A_yvST6D4xzk0E</recordid><startdate>20230901</startdate><enddate>20230901</enddate><creator>Ishibashi, Tomoki</creator><creator>Waliullah, A S M</creator><creator>Aramaki, Shuhei</creator><creator>Kamiya, Masaki</creator><creator>Kahyo, Tomoaki</creator><creator>Nakamura, Katsumasa</creator><creator>Tasaki, Eisuke</creator><creator>Takata, Mamoru</creator><creator>Setou, Mitsutoshi</creator><creator>Matsuura, Kenji</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9099-6694</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-5134</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6778-379X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-9343</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230901</creationdate><title>Plastic brain structure changes associated with the division of labor and aging in termites</title><author>Ishibashi, Tomoki ; Waliullah, A S M ; Aramaki, Shuhei ; Kamiya, Masaki ; Kahyo, Tomoaki ; Nakamura, Katsumasa ; Tasaki, Eisuke ; Takata, Mamoru ; Setou, Mitsutoshi ; Matsuura, Kenji</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-dcb61d7407f24fa389fd7cd22f5992ceb203ff19a96371ec133b3cb443c3be843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Brain - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Caste differentiation</topic><topic>Castes</topic><topic>Computed tomography</topic><topic>Division of labor</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Isoptera - physiology</topic><topic>Molting</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Neuroimaging</topic><topic>Neuroplasticity</topic><topic>Optic lobe</topic><topic>Reticulitermes speratus</topic><topic>Soldiers (insect caste)</topic><topic>Termites</topic><topic>Visual perception</topic><topic>X-Ray Microtomography</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ishibashi, Tomoki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waliullah, A S M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aramaki, Shuhei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamiya, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kahyo, Tomoaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakamura, Katsumasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tasaki, Eisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takata, Mamoru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Setou, Mitsutoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsuura, Kenji</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Development, growth & differentiation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ishibashi, Tomoki</au><au>Waliullah, A S M</au><au>Aramaki, Shuhei</au><au>Kamiya, Masaki</au><au>Kahyo, Tomoaki</au><au>Nakamura, Katsumasa</au><au>Tasaki, Eisuke</au><au>Takata, Mamoru</au><au>Setou, Mitsutoshi</au><au>Matsuura, Kenji</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Plastic brain structure changes associated with the division of labor and aging in termites</atitle><jtitle>Development, growth & differentiation</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Growth Differ</addtitle><date>2023-09-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>374</spage><epage>383</epage><pages>374-383</pages><issn>0012-1592</issn><issn>1440-169X</issn><eissn>1440-169X</eissn><abstract>Division of labor is a prominent feature of social insect societies, where different castes engage in different specialized tasks. 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| ispartof | Development, growth & differentiation, 2023-09, Vol.65 (7), p.374-383 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Wiley Free Content; Open Access Titles of Japan; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Aging Animals Brain Brain - diagnostic imaging Caste differentiation Castes Computed tomography Division of labor Humans Isoptera - physiology Molting Morphology Neuroimaging Neuroplasticity Optic lobe Reticulitermes speratus Soldiers (insect caste) Termites Visual perception X-Ray Microtomography |
| title | Plastic brain structure changes associated with the division of labor and aging in termites |
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