DNA single strand breakage, DNA adducts, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes and phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine of coke oven workers
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, 32P postlabelling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange) in workers exposed to...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England) England), 1997-03, Vol.54 (3), p.176-183 |
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| creator | Popp, W Vahrenholz, C Schell, C Grimmer, G Dettbarn, G Kraus, R Brauksiepe, A Schmeling, B Gutzeit, T von Bülow, J Norpoth, K |
| description | OBJECTIVES: To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, 32P postlabelling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange) in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). METHODS: 29 coke oven workers and a standardised control group were investigated for frequencies of DNA single strand breakage, DNA protein cross links (alkaline filter elution assay), sister chromatid exchange, and DNA adducts (32P postlabelling assay) in lymphocytes. Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. 19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. The GSTT1 activity in erythrocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations in blood was also measured. RESULTS: Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air; they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine proved to be a better biological monitoring variable than the measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene. Significantly more DNA strand breaks in lymphocytes of coke oven workers were found (alkaline filter elution assay); the DNA adduct rate was not significantly increased in workers, but correlated with exposure to PAHs in a semiquantitative manner. The number of sister chromatid exchanges was lower in coke oven workers but this was not significant; thus counting sister chromatid exchanges was not a good variable for biomonitoring of coke oven workers. Also, indications for immunotoxic influences (changes in lymphocyte subpopulations) were found. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine seems to be a better biological monitoring variable for exposure to PAHs than measurement of hydroxypyrene. The alkaline filter elution assay proved to be the most sensitive biomarker for genotoxic damage, whereas the postlabelling assay was the only one with some specificity for DNA alterations caused by known compounds. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/oem.54.3.176 |
| format | Article |
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METHODS: 29 coke oven workers and a standardised control group were investigated for frequencies of DNA single strand breakage, DNA protein cross links (alkaline filter elution assay), sister chromatid exchange, and DNA adducts (32P postlabelling assay) in lymphocytes. Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. 19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. The GSTT1 activity in erythrocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations in blood was also measured. RESULTS: Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air; they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine proved to be a better biological monitoring variable than the measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene. Significantly more DNA strand breaks in lymphocytes of coke oven workers were found (alkaline filter elution assay); the DNA adduct rate was not significantly increased in workers, but correlated with exposure to PAHs in a semiquantitative manner. The number of sister chromatid exchanges was lower in coke oven workers but this was not significant; thus counting sister chromatid exchanges was not a good variable for biomonitoring of coke oven workers. Also, indications for immunotoxic influences (changes in lymphocyte subpopulations) were found. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine seems to be a better biological monitoring variable for exposure to PAHs than measurement of hydroxypyrene. The alkaline filter elution assay proved to be the most sensitive biomarker for genotoxic damage, whereas the postlabelling assay was the only one with some specificity for DNA alterations caused by known compounds.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1351-0711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1470-7926</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/oem.54.3.176</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9155778</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - urine ; Biomonitoring ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases ; Cigarette smoking ; Coke ; Coke furnaces ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA adducts ; DNA Adducts - analysis ; DNA Damage ; DNA, Single-Stranded - drug effects ; Elution ; Emission measurements ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphocytes - drug effects ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Metabolites ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Phenanthrene ; Phenanthrenes ; Phenanthrenes - urine ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Pyrene ; Pyrenes - metabolism ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sister chromatid exchange ; Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug effects ; Subpopulations ; Toxicology ; Urine ; Various organic compounds</subject><ispartof>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England), 1997-03, Vol.54 (3), p.176-183</ispartof><rights>1997 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright BMJ Publishing Group LTD Mar 1997</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b688t-679b44e486d3f3a563143dfcc997f6442b1b1fc991a1e51f47ccaa58710024523</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b688t-679b44e486d3f3a563143dfcc997f6442b1b1fc991a1e51f47ccaa58710024523</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27730706$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/27730706$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,881,27901,27902,53766,53768,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2592748$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9155778$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Popp, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vahrenholz, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schell, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimmer, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dettbarn, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kraus, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brauksiepe, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmeling, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gutzeit, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Bülow, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norpoth, K</creatorcontrib><title>DNA single strand breakage, DNA adducts, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes and phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine of coke oven workers</title><title>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England)</title><addtitle>Occup Environ Med</addtitle><description>OBJECTIVES: To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, 32P postlabelling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange) in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). METHODS: 29 coke oven workers and a standardised control group were investigated for frequencies of DNA single strand breakage, DNA protein cross links (alkaline filter elution assay), sister chromatid exchange, and DNA adducts (32P postlabelling assay) in lymphocytes. Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. 19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. The GSTT1 activity in erythrocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations in blood was also measured. RESULTS: Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air; they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine proved to be a better biological monitoring variable than the measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene. Significantly more DNA strand breaks in lymphocytes of coke oven workers were found (alkaline filter elution assay); the DNA adduct rate was not significantly increased in workers, but correlated with exposure to PAHs in a semiquantitative manner. The number of sister chromatid exchanges was lower in coke oven workers but this was not significant; thus counting sister chromatid exchanges was not a good variable for biomonitoring of coke oven workers. Also, indications for immunotoxic influences (changes in lymphocyte subpopulations) were found. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine seems to be a better biological monitoring variable for exposure to PAHs than measurement of hydroxypyrene. The alkaline filter elution assay proved to be the most sensitive biomarker for genotoxic damage, whereas the postlabelling assay was the only one with some specificity for DNA alterations caused by known compounds.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - urine</subject><subject>Biomonitoring</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases</subject><subject>Cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Coke</subject><subject>Coke furnaces</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA adducts</subject><subject>DNA Adducts - analysis</subject><subject>DNA Damage</subject><subject>DNA, Single-Stranded - drug effects</subject><subject>Elution</subject><subject>Emission measurements</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Lymphocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure</subject><subject>Phenanthrene</subject><subject>Phenanthrenes</subject><subject>Phenanthrenes - urine</subject><subject>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Pyrene</subject><subject>Pyrenes - metabolism</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Sister chromatid exchange</subject><subject>Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug effects</subject><subject>Subpopulations</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Urine</subject><subject>Various organic compounds</subject><issn>1351-0711</issn><issn>1470-7926</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkktv1DAUhSMEKqWwY4sUCQSbyeDrZ7JBqoZHkaoiJKBLy3GcSWYSe2onpfNb-LM4ndEUWJSVr32-e617dJLkOaA5AOFvnennjM7JHAR_kBwDFSgTBeYPY00YZEgAPE6ehLBCCIgg-Cg5KoAxIfLj5Nf7i9M0tHbZmTQMXtkqLb1Ra7U0s3TSVFWNegizdJJCGwbjU91416uhrVJzoxtllyZtbdpt-03j9HYw4RbeNMYqOzTeWLN72N6WvRlU6bp24mLb6Nv46OpUu3U8r41Nfzq_Nj48TR7Vqgvm2f48Sb5__PBtcZadf_n0eXF6npU8z4eMi6Kk1NCcV6QminEClFS11kUhak4pLqGEOt5AgWFQU6G1UiwXgBCmDJOT5N1u7mYse1NpY6MRndz4tld-K51q5d-KbRu5dNcSAOc8R3HAm_0A765GEwbZt0GbrlPWuDFIQQnLGaVFJF_fS2LOGMaI_ReEuJggMP398h9w5UZvo18ShAAcLaIQqdmO0t6F4E192A6QnFIkY4oko5LELh7xF386coD3sYn6q72uglZdHXOj23DAMCuwoPndmFUYnL-ThSBIoOmbbKdPsbo56MqvJRdEMHnxYyH55SVZUPZVnt35XPar-xf4Dbev9nY</recordid><startdate>19970301</startdate><enddate>19970301</enddate><creator>Popp, W</creator><creator>Vahrenholz, C</creator><creator>Schell, C</creator><creator>Grimmer, G</creator><creator>Dettbarn, G</creator><creator>Kraus, R</creator><creator>Brauksiepe, A</creator><creator>Schmeling, B</creator><creator>Gutzeit, T</creator><creator>von Bülow, J</creator><creator>Norpoth, K</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group</general><general>BMJ</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19970301</creationdate><title>DNA single strand breakage, DNA adducts, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes and phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine of coke oven workers</title><author>Popp, W ; Vahrenholz, C ; Schell, C ; Grimmer, G ; Dettbarn, G ; Kraus, R ; Brauksiepe, A ; Schmeling, B ; Gutzeit, T ; von Bülow, J ; Norpoth, K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b688t-679b44e486d3f3a563143dfcc997f6442b1b1fc991a1e51f47ccaa58710024523</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - urine</topic><topic>Biomonitoring</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases</topic><topic>Cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Coke</topic><topic>Coke furnaces</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA adducts</topic><topic>DNA Adducts - analysis</topic><topic>DNA Damage</topic><topic>DNA, Single-Stranded - drug effects</topic><topic>Elution</topic><topic>Emission measurements</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lymphocytes</topic><topic>Lymphocytes - drug effects</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure</topic><topic>Phenanthrene</topic><topic>Phenanthrenes</topic><topic>Phenanthrenes - urine</topic><topic>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Pyrene</topic><topic>Pyrenes - metabolism</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Sister chromatid exchange</topic><topic>Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug 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environmental medicine (London, England)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Popp, W</au><au>Vahrenholz, C</au><au>Schell, C</au><au>Grimmer, G</au><au>Dettbarn, G</au><au>Kraus, R</au><au>Brauksiepe, A</au><au>Schmeling, B</au><au>Gutzeit, T</au><au>von Bülow, J</au><au>Norpoth, K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>DNA single strand breakage, DNA adducts, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes and phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine of coke oven workers</atitle><jtitle>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England)</jtitle><addtitle>Occup Environ Med</addtitle><date>1997-03-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>176</spage><epage>183</epage><pages>176-183</pages><issn>1351-0711</issn><eissn>1470-7926</eissn><abstract>OBJECTIVES: To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, 32P postlabelling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange) in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). METHODS: 29 coke oven workers and a standardised control group were investigated for frequencies of DNA single strand breakage, DNA protein cross links (alkaline filter elution assay), sister chromatid exchange, and DNA adducts (32P postlabelling assay) in lymphocytes. Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. 19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. The GSTT1 activity in erythrocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations in blood was also measured. RESULTS: Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air; they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine proved to be a better biological monitoring variable than the measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene. Significantly more DNA strand breaks in lymphocytes of coke oven workers were found (alkaline filter elution assay); the DNA adduct rate was not significantly increased in workers, but correlated with exposure to PAHs in a semiquantitative manner. The number of sister chromatid exchanges was lower in coke oven workers but this was not significant; thus counting sister chromatid exchanges was not a good variable for biomonitoring of coke oven workers. Also, indications for immunotoxic influences (changes in lymphocyte subpopulations) were found. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine seems to be a better biological monitoring variable for exposure to PAHs than measurement of hydroxypyrene. The alkaline filter elution assay proved to be the most sensitive biomarker for genotoxic damage, whereas the postlabelling assay was the only one with some specificity for DNA alterations caused by known compounds.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</pub><pmid>9155778</pmid><doi>10.1136/oem.54.3.176</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1351-0711 |
| ispartof | Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England), 1997-03, Vol.54 (3), p.176-183 |
| issn | 1351-0711 1470-7926 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_1128680 |
| source | PubMed (Medline); MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection; JSTOR; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Adult Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - urine Biomonitoring Case-Control Studies Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases Cigarette smoking Coke Coke furnaces Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA adducts DNA Adducts - analysis DNA Damage DNA, Single-Stranded - drug effects Elution Emission measurements Humans Lymphocytes Lymphocytes - drug effects Male Medical sciences Metabolites Middle Aged Occupational Exposure Phenanthrene Phenanthrenes Phenanthrenes - urine Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Pyrene Pyrenes - metabolism Sensitivity and Specificity Sister chromatid exchange Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug effects Subpopulations Toxicology Urine Various organic compounds |
| title | DNA single strand breakage, DNA adducts, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes and phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine of coke oven workers |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-07T17%3A38%3A44IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=DNA%20single%20strand%20breakage,%20DNA%20adducts,%20and%20sister%20chromatid%20exchange%20in%20lymphocytes%20and%20phenanthrene%20and%20pyrene%20metabolites%20in%20urine%20of%20coke%20oven%20workers&rft.jtitle=Occupational%20and%20environmental%20medicine%20(London,%20England)&rft.au=Popp,%20W&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=176&rft.epage=183&rft.pages=176-183&rft.issn=1351-0711&rft.eissn=1470-7926&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136/oem.54.3.176&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_pubme%3E27730706%3C/jstor_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1771268841&rft_id=info:pmid/9155778&rft_jstor_id=27730706&rfr_iscdi=true |