Outcomes of single- versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer
Surgery through a single port may be less painful because access is supplied by 1 intercostal nerve or more painful because multiple instruments are used in 1 port. We analyzed data collected from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group of a randomized controlled trial to compare differences...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | JTCVS open 2024-06, Vol.19, p.296-308 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 308 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | |
| container_start_page | 296 |
| container_title | JTCVS open |
| container_volume | 19 |
| creator | Lim, Eric Harris, Rosie A. Batchelor, Tim Casali, Gianluca Krishnadas, Rakesh Begum, Sofina Jordan, Simon Dunning, Joel Paul, Ian Shackcloth, Michael Feeney, Sarah Anikin, Vladimir Mcgonigle, Niall Fallouh, Hazem Hernandez, Luis Di Chiara, Franscesco Stavroulias, Dionisios Loubani, Mahmoud Qadri, Syed Zamvar, Vipin Marshall, Lucy Kaur, Surinder Rogers, Chris A. |
| description | Surgery through a single port may be less painful because access is supplied by 1 intercostal nerve or more painful because multiple instruments are used in 1 port. We analyzed data collected from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group of a randomized controlled trial to compare differences in pain up to 1 year.
Groups were compared in a prespecified exploratory analysis using direct (regression) and indirect comparison (difference with respect to thoracotomy). In-hospital visual analogue scale pain scores were used, and analgesic ratios were calculated. After discharge, pain was evaluated using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires-Core 30 scores up to 1 year.
From July 2015 to February 2019, we randomized 503 participants. After excluding 50 participants who did not receive lobectomy, surgery was performed using a single port in 42 participants (predominately by a single surgeon), multiple ports in 166 participants, and thoracotomy in 245 participants. No differences were observed in-hospital between single- and multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery when modeled using a direct comparison, mean difference of −0.24 (95% CI, −1.06 to 0.58) or indirect comparison, mean difference of −0.33 (−1.16 to 0.51). Mean analgesic ratio (single/multiple port) was 0.75 (0.64 to 0.87) for direct comparison and 0.90 (0.64 to 1.25) for indirect comparison. After discharge, pain for single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was lower than for multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (first 3 months), and corresponding physical function was higher up to 12 months.
There were no consistent differences for in-hospital pain when lobectomy was undertaken using 1 or multiple ports. However, better pain scores and physical function were observed for single-port surgery after discharge. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.025 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11247214</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S2666273624000949</els_id><sourcerecordid>3081778238</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-88f6b7dce9f4729c8daf05f7f43fe82a4524d9239d3c6b35bf494271c6098c053</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNUkuLFDEQbkRxl3X_gAfJ0UuPefVLBJH1CQt70XPIJJXZDOmuMUkPO_5Ef5VpZnZZLyIUJFDfK5WqqpeMrhhl7Zvt6m6L04pTLleUl2qeVOe8bduad6J9-uh-Vl2mtKW0QJhomv55dSYGyhrZsfPq982cDY6QCDqS_LQJUJM9xDQnMs4h-3qHMZO9t4C1TsmnDJbkW4zaYDK484akOW4gHt6Sjzpr4iKORB_JBqYMkUQ9WRz9r8I0OOWIISwi0euw2P6P-H2mUzPjeCAOIwnztCFGTwbii-qZ0yHB5em8qH58_vT96mt9ffPl29WH69pI2uW671277qyBwcmOD6a32tHGdU4KBz3XsuHSDlwMVph2LZq1k4PkHTMtHXpDG3FRvT_q7ub1CHZ5Y9RB7aIfdTwo1F793Zn8rdrgXjHGiyOTReH1SSHizxlSVqNPBkLQE-CclKA967qei75A-RFqIqYUwT34MKqWRVBbtSyCWhZBUV5qSfjqccIHyv23F8C7IwDKnPYeokrGQxmi9RFMVhb9v_T_AJE0zM8</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3081778238</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Outcomes of single- versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer</title><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Lim, Eric ; Harris, Rosie A. ; Batchelor, Tim ; Casali, Gianluca ; Krishnadas, Rakesh ; Begum, Sofina ; Jordan, Simon ; Dunning, Joel ; Paul, Ian ; Shackcloth, Michael ; Feeney, Sarah ; Anikin, Vladimir ; Mcgonigle, Niall ; Fallouh, Hazem ; Hernandez, Luis ; Di Chiara, Franscesco ; Stavroulias, Dionisios ; Loubani, Mahmoud ; Qadri, Syed ; Zamvar, Vipin ; Marshall, Lucy ; Kaur, Surinder ; Rogers, Chris A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Lim, Eric ; Harris, Rosie A. ; Batchelor, Tim ; Casali, Gianluca ; Krishnadas, Rakesh ; Begum, Sofina ; Jordan, Simon ; Dunning, Joel ; Paul, Ian ; Shackcloth, Michael ; Feeney, Sarah ; Anikin, Vladimir ; Mcgonigle, Niall ; Fallouh, Hazem ; Hernandez, Luis ; Di Chiara, Franscesco ; Stavroulias, Dionisios ; Loubani, Mahmoud ; Qadri, Syed ; Zamvar, Vipin ; Marshall, Lucy ; Kaur, Surinder ; Rogers, Chris A. ; VIOLET Trialists</creatorcontrib><description>Surgery through a single port may be less painful because access is supplied by 1 intercostal nerve or more painful because multiple instruments are used in 1 port. We analyzed data collected from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group of a randomized controlled trial to compare differences in pain up to 1 year.
Groups were compared in a prespecified exploratory analysis using direct (regression) and indirect comparison (difference with respect to thoracotomy). In-hospital visual analogue scale pain scores were used, and analgesic ratios were calculated. After discharge, pain was evaluated using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires-Core 30 scores up to 1 year.
From July 2015 to February 2019, we randomized 503 participants. After excluding 50 participants who did not receive lobectomy, surgery was performed using a single port in 42 participants (predominately by a single surgeon), multiple ports in 166 participants, and thoracotomy in 245 participants. No differences were observed in-hospital between single- and multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery when modeled using a direct comparison, mean difference of −0.24 (95% CI, −1.06 to 0.58) or indirect comparison, mean difference of −0.33 (−1.16 to 0.51). Mean analgesic ratio (single/multiple port) was 0.75 (0.64 to 0.87) for direct comparison and 0.90 (0.64 to 1.25) for indirect comparison. After discharge, pain for single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was lower than for multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (first 3 months), and corresponding physical function was higher up to 12 months.
There were no consistent differences for in-hospital pain when lobectomy was undertaken using 1 or multiple ports. However, better pain scores and physical function were observed for single-port surgery after discharge.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2666-2736</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2666-2736</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.025</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39015471</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>multi-port VATS ; postoperative pain ; single-port VATS ; Thoracic: Lung Cancer</subject><ispartof>JTCVS open, 2024-06, Vol.19, p.296-308</ispartof><rights>2024 The Author(s)</rights><rights>2024 The Author(s).</rights><rights>2024 The Author(s) 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-88f6b7dce9f4729c8daf05f7f43fe82a4524d9239d3c6b35bf494271c6098c053</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11247214/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11247214/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39015471$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lim, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Rosie A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Batchelor, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casali, Gianluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krishnadas, Rakesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Begum, Sofina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jordan, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunning, Joel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paul, Ian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shackcloth, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feeney, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anikin, Vladimir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mcgonigle, Niall</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fallouh, Hazem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernandez, Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Chiara, Franscesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stavroulias, Dionisios</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loubani, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qadri, Syed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamvar, Vipin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Lucy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Surinder</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rogers, Chris A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VIOLET Trialists</creatorcontrib><title>Outcomes of single- versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer</title><title>JTCVS open</title><addtitle>JTCVS Open</addtitle><description>Surgery through a single port may be less painful because access is supplied by 1 intercostal nerve or more painful because multiple instruments are used in 1 port. We analyzed data collected from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group of a randomized controlled trial to compare differences in pain up to 1 year.
Groups were compared in a prespecified exploratory analysis using direct (regression) and indirect comparison (difference with respect to thoracotomy). In-hospital visual analogue scale pain scores were used, and analgesic ratios were calculated. After discharge, pain was evaluated using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires-Core 30 scores up to 1 year.
From July 2015 to February 2019, we randomized 503 participants. After excluding 50 participants who did not receive lobectomy, surgery was performed using a single port in 42 participants (predominately by a single surgeon), multiple ports in 166 participants, and thoracotomy in 245 participants. No differences were observed in-hospital between single- and multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery when modeled using a direct comparison, mean difference of −0.24 (95% CI, −1.06 to 0.58) or indirect comparison, mean difference of −0.33 (−1.16 to 0.51). Mean analgesic ratio (single/multiple port) was 0.75 (0.64 to 0.87) for direct comparison and 0.90 (0.64 to 1.25) for indirect comparison. After discharge, pain for single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was lower than for multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (first 3 months), and corresponding physical function was higher up to 12 months.
There were no consistent differences for in-hospital pain when lobectomy was undertaken using 1 or multiple ports. However, better pain scores and physical function were observed for single-port surgery after discharge.</description><subject>multi-port VATS</subject><subject>postoperative pain</subject><subject>single-port VATS</subject><subject>Thoracic: Lung Cancer</subject><issn>2666-2736</issn><issn>2666-2736</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNUkuLFDEQbkRxl3X_gAfJ0UuPefVLBJH1CQt70XPIJJXZDOmuMUkPO_5Ef5VpZnZZLyIUJFDfK5WqqpeMrhhl7Zvt6m6L04pTLleUl2qeVOe8bduad6J9-uh-Vl2mtKW0QJhomv55dSYGyhrZsfPq982cDY6QCDqS_LQJUJM9xDQnMs4h-3qHMZO9t4C1TsmnDJbkW4zaYDK484akOW4gHt6Sjzpr4iKORB_JBqYMkUQ9WRz9r8I0OOWIISwi0euw2P6P-H2mUzPjeCAOIwnztCFGTwbii-qZ0yHB5em8qH58_vT96mt9ffPl29WH69pI2uW671277qyBwcmOD6a32tHGdU4KBz3XsuHSDlwMVph2LZq1k4PkHTMtHXpDG3FRvT_q7ub1CHZ5Y9RB7aIfdTwo1F793Zn8rdrgXjHGiyOTReH1SSHizxlSVqNPBkLQE-CclKA967qei75A-RFqIqYUwT34MKqWRVBbtSyCWhZBUV5qSfjqccIHyv23F8C7IwDKnPYeokrGQxmi9RFMVhb9v_T_AJE0zM8</recordid><startdate>20240601</startdate><enddate>20240601</enddate><creator>Lim, Eric</creator><creator>Harris, Rosie A.</creator><creator>Batchelor, Tim</creator><creator>Casali, Gianluca</creator><creator>Krishnadas, Rakesh</creator><creator>Begum, Sofina</creator><creator>Jordan, Simon</creator><creator>Dunning, Joel</creator><creator>Paul, Ian</creator><creator>Shackcloth, Michael</creator><creator>Feeney, Sarah</creator><creator>Anikin, Vladimir</creator><creator>Mcgonigle, Niall</creator><creator>Fallouh, Hazem</creator><creator>Hernandez, Luis</creator><creator>Di Chiara, Franscesco</creator><creator>Stavroulias, Dionisios</creator><creator>Loubani, Mahmoud</creator><creator>Qadri, Syed</creator><creator>Zamvar, Vipin</creator><creator>Marshall, Lucy</creator><creator>Kaur, Surinder</creator><creator>Rogers, Chris A.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240601</creationdate><title>Outcomes of single- versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer</title><author>Lim, Eric ; Harris, Rosie A. ; Batchelor, Tim ; Casali, Gianluca ; Krishnadas, Rakesh ; Begum, Sofina ; Jordan, Simon ; Dunning, Joel ; Paul, Ian ; Shackcloth, Michael ; Feeney, Sarah ; Anikin, Vladimir ; Mcgonigle, Niall ; Fallouh, Hazem ; Hernandez, Luis ; Di Chiara, Franscesco ; Stavroulias, Dionisios ; Loubani, Mahmoud ; Qadri, Syed ; Zamvar, Vipin ; Marshall, Lucy ; Kaur, Surinder ; Rogers, Chris A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-88f6b7dce9f4729c8daf05f7f43fe82a4524d9239d3c6b35bf494271c6098c053</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>multi-port VATS</topic><topic>postoperative pain</topic><topic>single-port VATS</topic><topic>Thoracic: Lung Cancer</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lim, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Rosie A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Batchelor, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casali, Gianluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krishnadas, Rakesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Begum, Sofina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jordan, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunning, Joel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paul, Ian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shackcloth, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feeney, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anikin, Vladimir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mcgonigle, Niall</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fallouh, Hazem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernandez, Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Chiara, Franscesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stavroulias, Dionisios</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loubani, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qadri, Syed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamvar, Vipin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Lucy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Surinder</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rogers, Chris A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VIOLET Trialists</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>JTCVS open</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lim, Eric</au><au>Harris, Rosie A.</au><au>Batchelor, Tim</au><au>Casali, Gianluca</au><au>Krishnadas, Rakesh</au><au>Begum, Sofina</au><au>Jordan, Simon</au><au>Dunning, Joel</au><au>Paul, Ian</au><au>Shackcloth, Michael</au><au>Feeney, Sarah</au><au>Anikin, Vladimir</au><au>Mcgonigle, Niall</au><au>Fallouh, Hazem</au><au>Hernandez, Luis</au><au>Di Chiara, Franscesco</au><au>Stavroulias, Dionisios</au><au>Loubani, Mahmoud</au><au>Qadri, Syed</au><au>Zamvar, Vipin</au><au>Marshall, Lucy</au><au>Kaur, Surinder</au><au>Rogers, Chris A.</au><aucorp>VIOLET Trialists</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Outcomes of single- versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer</atitle><jtitle>JTCVS open</jtitle><addtitle>JTCVS Open</addtitle><date>2024-06-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><spage>296</spage><epage>308</epage><pages>296-308</pages><issn>2666-2736</issn><eissn>2666-2736</eissn><abstract>Surgery through a single port may be less painful because access is supplied by 1 intercostal nerve or more painful because multiple instruments are used in 1 port. We analyzed data collected from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group of a randomized controlled trial to compare differences in pain up to 1 year.
Groups were compared in a prespecified exploratory analysis using direct (regression) and indirect comparison (difference with respect to thoracotomy). In-hospital visual analogue scale pain scores were used, and analgesic ratios were calculated. After discharge, pain was evaluated using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires-Core 30 scores up to 1 year.
From July 2015 to February 2019, we randomized 503 participants. After excluding 50 participants who did not receive lobectomy, surgery was performed using a single port in 42 participants (predominately by a single surgeon), multiple ports in 166 participants, and thoracotomy in 245 participants. No differences were observed in-hospital between single- and multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery when modeled using a direct comparison, mean difference of −0.24 (95% CI, −1.06 to 0.58) or indirect comparison, mean difference of −0.33 (−1.16 to 0.51). Mean analgesic ratio (single/multiple port) was 0.75 (0.64 to 0.87) for direct comparison and 0.90 (0.64 to 1.25) for indirect comparison. After discharge, pain for single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was lower than for multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (first 3 months), and corresponding physical function was higher up to 12 months.
There were no consistent differences for in-hospital pain when lobectomy was undertaken using 1 or multiple ports. However, better pain scores and physical function were observed for single-port surgery after discharge.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>39015471</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.025</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2666-2736 |
| ispartof | JTCVS open, 2024-06, Vol.19, p.296-308 |
| issn | 2666-2736 2666-2736 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11247214 |
| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | multi-port VATS postoperative pain single-port VATS Thoracic: Lung Cancer |
| title | Outcomes of single- versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-19T06%3A51%3A30IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Outcomes%20of%20single-%20versus%20multi-port%20video-assisted%20thoracoscopic%20surgery:%20Data%20from%20a%20multicenter%20randomized%20controlled%20trial%20of%20video-assisted%20thoracoscopic%20surgery%20versus%20thoracotomy%20for%20lung%20cancer&rft.jtitle=JTCVS%20open&rft.au=Lim,%20Eric&rft.aucorp=VIOLET%20Trialists&rft.date=2024-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.spage=296&rft.epage=308&rft.pages=296-308&rft.issn=2666-2736&rft.eissn=2666-2736&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.025&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E3081778238%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3081778238&rft_id=info:pmid/39015471&rft_els_id=S2666273624000949&rfr_iscdi=true |