The Decoherent Arrow of Time and the Entanglement Past Hypothesis
If an asymmetry in time does not arise from the fundamental dynamical laws of physics, it may be found in special boundary conditions. The argument normally goes that since thermodynamic entropy in the past is lower than in the future according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, then tracing this...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Foundations of physics 2024, Vol.54 (4), p.49, Article 49 |
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| creator | Al-Khalili, Jim Chen, Eddy Keming |
| description | If an asymmetry in time does not arise from the fundamental dynamical laws of physics, it may be found in special boundary conditions. The argument normally goes that since thermodynamic entropy in the past is lower than in the future according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, then tracing this back to the time around the Big Bang means the universe must have started off in a state of very low thermodynamic entropy: the
Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis
. In this paper, we consider another boundary condition that plays a similar role, but for the decoherent arrow of time, i.e. the subsystems of the universe are more mixed in the future than in the past. According to what we call the
Entanglement Past Hypothesis
, the initial quantum state of the universe had very low entanglement entropy. We clarify the content of the Entanglement Past Hypothesis, compare it with the Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis, and identify some challenges and open questions for future research. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10701-024-00785-3 |
| format | Article |
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Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis
. In this paper, we consider another boundary condition that plays a similar role, but for the decoherent arrow of time, i.e. the subsystems of the universe are more mixed in the future than in the past. According to what we call the
Entanglement Past Hypothesis
, the initial quantum state of the universe had very low entanglement entropy. We clarify the content of the Entanglement Past Hypothesis, compare it with the Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis, and identify some challenges and open questions for future research.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0015-9018</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1572-9516</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10701-024-00785-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38979431</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Big bang cosmology ; Boundary conditions ; Classical and Quantum Gravitation ; Classical Mechanics ; Entropy ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics ; Hypotheses ; Original Paper ; Philosophy of Science ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Quantum Physics ; Relativity Theory ; Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems ; Subsystems ; Thermodynamics ; Universe</subject><ispartof>Foundations of physics, 2024, Vol.54 (4), p.49, Article 49</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-ff7f6f1713cc6c754ed10695081e3a07e78dddd5add7b9a54f4239754f43b3f43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-024-00785-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10701-024-00785-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27915,27916,41479,42548,51310</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38979431$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Al-Khalili, Jim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Eddy Keming</creatorcontrib><title>The Decoherent Arrow of Time and the Entanglement Past Hypothesis</title><title>Foundations of physics</title><addtitle>Found Phys</addtitle><addtitle>Found Phys</addtitle><description>If an asymmetry in time does not arise from the fundamental dynamical laws of physics, it may be found in special boundary conditions. The argument normally goes that since thermodynamic entropy in the past is lower than in the future according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, then tracing this back to the time around the Big Bang means the universe must have started off in a state of very low thermodynamic entropy: the
Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis
. In this paper, we consider another boundary condition that plays a similar role, but for the decoherent arrow of time, i.e. the subsystems of the universe are more mixed in the future than in the past. According to what we call the
Entanglement Past Hypothesis
, the initial quantum state of the universe had very low entanglement entropy. We clarify the content of the Entanglement Past Hypothesis, compare it with the Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis, and identify some challenges and open questions for future research.</description><subject>Big bang cosmology</subject><subject>Boundary conditions</subject><subject>Classical and Quantum Gravitation</subject><subject>Classical Mechanics</subject><subject>Entropy</subject><subject>History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Philosophy of Science</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Quantum Physics</subject><subject>Relativity Theory</subject><subject>Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems</subject><subject>Subsystems</subject><subject>Thermodynamics</subject><subject>Universe</subject><issn>0015-9018</issn><issn>1572-9516</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kctOwzAQRS0EgvL4ARYoEhs2gZnYju0VqnhLSLAoa8tNnDYoiYudgvh7HMp7gRceWff4zowuIfsIxwggTgKCAEwhY2l8Sp7SNTJCLrJUcczXyQgAeaoA5RbZDuERAJTI2SbZolIJxSiOyHgyt8m5Ldzcetv1ydh795K4KpnUrU1MVyZ9BC663nSzxrYDcm9Cn1y_LlxUQh12yUZlmmD3PuoOebi8mJxdp7d3Vzdn49u0oDzv06oSVV6hQFoUeSE4syVCrjhItNSAsEKW8XBTlmKqDGcVy6gSQ6VTGq8dcrryXSynrS2LOIo3jV74ujX-VTtT699KV8_1zD1rxCwTjKnocPTh4N3T0oZet3UobNOYzrpl0BSEQKkwoxE9_IM-uqXv4n4DlTOUUvJIZSuq8C4Eb6uvaRD0EJFeRaRjRPo9Ij1YH_zc4-vLZyYRoCsgRKmbWf_d-x_bNywgm78</recordid><startdate>2024</startdate><enddate>2024</enddate><creator>Al-Khalili, Jim</creator><creator>Chen, Eddy Keming</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2024</creationdate><title>The Decoherent Arrow of Time and the Entanglement Past Hypothesis</title><author>Al-Khalili, Jim ; Chen, Eddy Keming</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-ff7f6f1713cc6c754ed10695081e3a07e78dddd5add7b9a54f4239754f43b3f43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Big bang cosmology</topic><topic>Boundary conditions</topic><topic>Classical and Quantum Gravitation</topic><topic>Classical Mechanics</topic><topic>Entropy</topic><topic>History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics</topic><topic>Hypotheses</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Philosophy of Science</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Quantum Physics</topic><topic>Relativity Theory</topic><topic>Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems</topic><topic>Subsystems</topic><topic>Thermodynamics</topic><topic>Universe</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Al-Khalili, Jim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Eddy Keming</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Foundations of physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Al-Khalili, Jim</au><au>Chen, Eddy Keming</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Decoherent Arrow of Time and the Entanglement Past Hypothesis</atitle><jtitle>Foundations of physics</jtitle><stitle>Found Phys</stitle><addtitle>Found Phys</addtitle><date>2024</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>49</spage><pages>49-</pages><artnum>49</artnum><issn>0015-9018</issn><eissn>1572-9516</eissn><abstract>If an asymmetry in time does not arise from the fundamental dynamical laws of physics, it may be found in special boundary conditions. The argument normally goes that since thermodynamic entropy in the past is lower than in the future according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, then tracing this back to the time around the Big Bang means the universe must have started off in a state of very low thermodynamic entropy: the
Thermodynamic Past Hypothesis
. In this paper, we consider another boundary condition that plays a similar role, but for the decoherent arrow of time, i.e. the subsystems of the universe are more mixed in the future than in the past. According to what we call the
Entanglement Past Hypothesis
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| subjects | Big bang cosmology Boundary conditions Classical and Quantum Gravitation Classical Mechanics Entropy History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics Hypotheses Original Paper Philosophy of Science Physics Physics and Astronomy Quantum Physics Relativity Theory Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems Subsystems Thermodynamics Universe |
| title | The Decoherent Arrow of Time and the Entanglement Past Hypothesis |
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