Bio-Sourced, High-Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Itaconic Acid-Based Epoxy Composites with High Hygrothermal Stability and Durability
Thermosetting polymers and composites are a class of high-performance materials with significant industrial applications. However, the widespread use of thermosets and their composites generates large quantities of waste and leads to serious economic and environmental problems, there is a critical n...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2024-06, Vol.16 (12), p.1649 |
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| creator | Xiao, Kaixuan Fang, Yuan Wang, Zhaodi Ni, Nannan Liu, Ziqian Kim, Soochan An, Zongfu Lyu, Zhiyi Xu, Yahong Yang, Xin |
| description | Thermosetting polymers and composites are a class of high-performance materials with significant industrial applications. However, the widespread use of thermosets and their composites generates large quantities of waste and leads to serious economic and environmental problems, there is a critical need in the elaboration of sustainable composite materials. Here, we propose a method to prepare sustainable carbon fiber reinforced composites with different degrees of greenness by blending environmentally friendly EIA with DGEBA in different ratios, and the properties compared with a well-known commercial petroleum-based epoxy resin. The prepared carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with different degrees of greenness had excellent dimensional stability under extreme hygrothermal aging. After aging, the green CFRP composite T700/EIA-30 has higher strength and performance retention than that of petroleum-based CFRP composites. The higher hygrothermal stability and durability of EIA-based epoxy resins as compared with BPA-based epoxy resins demonstrated significant evidence to design and develop a novel bio-based epoxy resin with high performance to substitute the petroleum-based epoxy resin. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/polym16121649 |
| format | Article |
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However, the widespread use of thermosets and their composites generates large quantities of waste and leads to serious economic and environmental problems, there is a critical need in the elaboration of sustainable composite materials. Here, we propose a method to prepare sustainable carbon fiber reinforced composites with different degrees of greenness by blending environmentally friendly EIA with DGEBA in different ratios, and the properties compared with a well-known commercial petroleum-based epoxy resin. The prepared carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with different degrees of greenness had excellent dimensional stability under extreme hygrothermal aging. After aging, the green CFRP composite T700/EIA-30 has higher strength and performance retention than that of petroleum-based CFRP composites. The higher hygrothermal stability and durability of EIA-based epoxy resins as compared with BPA-based epoxy resins demonstrated significant evidence to design and develop a novel bio-based epoxy resin with high performance to substitute the petroleum-based epoxy resin.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym16121649</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38931999</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acids ; Aging ; Bisphenol A ; Carbon fiber reinforced plastics ; Carbon fiber reinforcement ; Carbon-epoxy composites ; Composite materials ; Curing ; Dimensional stability ; Durability ; Epoxy resins ; Fiber composites ; Fiber reinforced polymers ; Flame retardants ; Industrial applications ; Itaconic acid ; Laminates ; Lignin ; Mechanical properties ; Moisture absorption ; Moisture resistance ; Polymers ; Raw materials ; Temperature</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2024-06, Vol.16 (12), p.1649</ispartof><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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However, the widespread use of thermosets and their composites generates large quantities of waste and leads to serious economic and environmental problems, there is a critical need in the elaboration of sustainable composite materials. Here, we propose a method to prepare sustainable carbon fiber reinforced composites with different degrees of greenness by blending environmentally friendly EIA with DGEBA in different ratios, and the properties compared with a well-known commercial petroleum-based epoxy resin. The prepared carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with different degrees of greenness had excellent dimensional stability under extreme hygrothermal aging. After aging, the green CFRP composite T700/EIA-30 has higher strength and performance retention than that of petroleum-based CFRP composites. The higher hygrothermal stability and durability of EIA-based epoxy resins as compared with BPA-based epoxy resins demonstrated significant evidence to design and develop a novel bio-based epoxy resin with high performance to substitute the petroleum-based epoxy resin.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Bisphenol A</subject><subject>Carbon fiber reinforced plastics</subject><subject>Carbon fiber reinforcement</subject><subject>Carbon-epoxy composites</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Dimensional stability</subject><subject>Durability</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Fiber composites</subject><subject>Fiber reinforced polymers</subject><subject>Flame retardants</subject><subject>Industrial applications</subject><subject>Itaconic acid</subject><subject>Laminates</subject><subject>Lignin</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Moisture absorption</subject><subject>Moisture resistance</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUtP3DAQgK2qCBDskWtliUsPDfiVh08IttBFQmrVhXPkOLO7RokdbKdt_kJ_dQ0sCOrD2OP59Gk8RuiIkhPOJTkdXDf1tKCMFkJ-QPuMlDwTvCAf35z30CyEe5KWyIuClrtoj1eSUynlPvp7YVy2dKPX0H7BC7PeZD_Ar5zvldWA58o3zuIr04DHP8HYVEkkvo5KO2s0PtemzS5USHeXg_sz4bnrBxdMhIB_m7h5UuLFtPYubiBZO7yMqjGdiRNWtsVfR79ND9HOSnUBZtv9AN1dXd7OF9nN92_X8_ObbGCFiFkpFatKDrksC10S0ZbyMcpW5zpfEboSVcUaIqFqGp6znDcgpNJMCCVbAM4P0NmzdxibHloNNnrV1YM3vfJT7ZSp31es2dRr96umNM1U0CoZPm8N3j2MEGLdm6Ch65QFN4aak5JVlDNJE3r8H3qfhm3T-56oIic5k4n69Lal115e_on_A5hil4M</recordid><startdate>20240611</startdate><enddate>20240611</enddate><creator>Xiao, Kaixuan</creator><creator>Fang, Yuan</creator><creator>Wang, Zhaodi</creator><creator>Ni, Nannan</creator><creator>Liu, Ziqian</creator><creator>Kim, Soochan</creator><creator>An, Zongfu</creator><creator>Lyu, Zhiyi</creator><creator>Xu, Yahong</creator><creator>Yang, Xin</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8149-269X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240611</creationdate><title>Bio-Sourced, High-Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Itaconic Acid-Based Epoxy Composites with High Hygrothermal Stability and Durability</title><author>Xiao, Kaixuan ; 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However, the widespread use of thermosets and their composites generates large quantities of waste and leads to serious economic and environmental problems, there is a critical need in the elaboration of sustainable composite materials. Here, we propose a method to prepare sustainable carbon fiber reinforced composites with different degrees of greenness by blending environmentally friendly EIA with DGEBA in different ratios, and the properties compared with a well-known commercial petroleum-based epoxy resin. The prepared carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with different degrees of greenness had excellent dimensional stability under extreme hygrothermal aging. After aging, the green CFRP composite T700/EIA-30 has higher strength and performance retention than that of petroleum-based CFRP composites. 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| ispartof | Polymers, 2024-06, Vol.16 (12), p.1649 |
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| source | PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acids Aging Bisphenol A Carbon fiber reinforced plastics Carbon fiber reinforcement Carbon-epoxy composites Composite materials Curing Dimensional stability Durability Epoxy resins Fiber composites Fiber reinforced polymers Flame retardants Industrial applications Itaconic acid Laminates Lignin Mechanical properties Moisture absorption Moisture resistance Polymers Raw materials Temperature |
| title | Bio-Sourced, High-Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Itaconic Acid-Based Epoxy Composites with High Hygrothermal Stability and Durability |
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