The First Identification of Homomorphic XY Sex Chromosomes by Integrating Cytogenetic and Transcriptomic Approaches in Plestiodon elegans (Scincidae)
The sex chromosomes of skinks are usually poorly differentiated and hardly distinguished by cytogenetic methods. Therefore, identifying sex chromosomes in species lacking easily recognizable heteromorphic sex chromosomes is necessary to fully understand sex chromosome diversity. In this paper, we em...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Genes 2024-05, Vol.15 (6), p.664 |
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| creator | Xu, Wannan Li, Taiyue Li, Jiahui Liu, Siqi Yu, Xing Tang, Min Dong, Jingxiu Liu, Jianjun Bu, Xingjiang Xia, Xingquan Zhou, Huaxing Nie, Liuwang |
| description | The sex chromosomes of skinks are usually poorly differentiated and hardly distinguished by cytogenetic methods. Therefore, identifying sex chromosomes in species lacking easily recognizable heteromorphic sex chromosomes is necessary to fully understand sex chromosome diversity. In this paper, we employed cytogenetics, sex quantification of genes, and transcriptomic approaches to characterize the sex chromosomes in
. Cytogenetic examination of metaphases revealed a diploid number of 2n = 26, consisting of 12 macrochromosomes and 14 microchromosomes, with no significant heteromorphic chromosome pairs, speculating that the sex chromosomes may be homomorphic or poorly differentiated. The results of the sex quantification of genes showed that Calumenin (
), COPI coat complex subunit γ 2 (
), and Smoothened (
) were at half the dose in males as in females, suggesting that they are on the X chromosome. Transcriptomic data analysis from the gonads yielded the excess expression male-specific genes (n = 16), in which five PCR molecular markers were developed. Restricting the observed heterozygosity to males suggests the presence of homomorphic sex chromosomes in
, XX/XY. This is the first breakthrough in the study of the sex chromosomes of
. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/genes15060664 |
| format | Article |
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. Cytogenetic examination of metaphases revealed a diploid number of 2n = 26, consisting of 12 macrochromosomes and 14 microchromosomes, with no significant heteromorphic chromosome pairs, speculating that the sex chromosomes may be homomorphic or poorly differentiated. The results of the sex quantification of genes showed that Calumenin (
), COPI coat complex subunit γ 2 (
), and Smoothened (
) were at half the dose in males as in females, suggesting that they are on the X chromosome. Transcriptomic data analysis from the gonads yielded the excess expression male-specific genes (n = 16), in which five PCR molecular markers were developed. Restricting the observed heterozygosity to males suggests the presence of homomorphic sex chromosomes in
, XX/XY. This is the first breakthrough in the study of the sex chromosomes of
.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4425</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/genes15060664</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38927599</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Chromosomes ; Cytogenetic Analysis - methods ; Cytogenetics ; Diploids ; Female ; Females ; Genes ; Gonads ; Gonads - metabolism ; Heterozygosity ; Male ; Males ; Molecular biology ; Reptiles & amphibians ; Sex chromosomes ; Sex Chromosomes - genetics ; Sexes ; Transcriptome - genetics ; Transcriptomics ; X Chromosome - genetics</subject><ispartof>Genes, 2024-05, Vol.15 (6), p.664</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c369t-eb805ac3eb1cff38f0f4e887a882c94eb829f401cc1433b5cabf0771df715ec43</cites><orcidid>0009-0001-4642-1308 ; 0000-0002-5569-0083</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11203037/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11203037/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38927599$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wannan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Taiyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jiahui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Siqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Jingxiu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bu, Xingjiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Xingquan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Huaxing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nie, Liuwang</creatorcontrib><title>The First Identification of Homomorphic XY Sex Chromosomes by Integrating Cytogenetic and Transcriptomic Approaches in Plestiodon elegans (Scincidae)</title><title>Genes</title><addtitle>Genes (Basel)</addtitle><description>The sex chromosomes of skinks are usually poorly differentiated and hardly distinguished by cytogenetic methods. Therefore, identifying sex chromosomes in species lacking easily recognizable heteromorphic sex chromosomes is necessary to fully understand sex chromosome diversity. In this paper, we employed cytogenetics, sex quantification of genes, and transcriptomic approaches to characterize the sex chromosomes in
. Cytogenetic examination of metaphases revealed a diploid number of 2n = 26, consisting of 12 macrochromosomes and 14 microchromosomes, with no significant heteromorphic chromosome pairs, speculating that the sex chromosomes may be homomorphic or poorly differentiated. The results of the sex quantification of genes showed that Calumenin (
), COPI coat complex subunit γ 2 (
), and Smoothened (
) were at half the dose in males as in females, suggesting that they are on the X chromosome. Transcriptomic data analysis from the gonads yielded the excess expression male-specific genes (n = 16), in which five PCR molecular markers were developed. Restricting the observed heterozygosity to males suggests the presence of homomorphic sex chromosomes in
, XX/XY. This is the first breakthrough in the study of the sex chromosomes of
.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Chromosomes</subject><subject>Cytogenetic Analysis - methods</subject><subject>Cytogenetics</subject><subject>Diploids</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Gonads</subject><subject>Gonads - metabolism</subject><subject>Heterozygosity</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Molecular biology</subject><subject>Reptiles & amphibians</subject><subject>Sex chromosomes</subject><subject>Sex Chromosomes - genetics</subject><subject>Sexes</subject><subject>Transcriptome - genetics</subject><subject>Transcriptomics</subject><subject>X Chromosome - genetics</subject><issn>2073-4425</issn><issn>2073-4425</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptksFu1DAQhiMEolXpkSuyxKUcUhw7WTsntFpRulIlkLpIcLIcZ5y4SuxgZyv2QXhfZttSugjPwdb4m38848my1wU957ym7zvwkIqKLuhiUT7LjhkVPC9LVj1_cj7KTlO6obhKyiitXmZHXNZMVHV9nP3a9EAuXEwzWbfgZ2ed0bMLngRLLsOIFqfeGfLtO7mGn2TVR3SlMEIizY6s_QxdxADfkdVuDvsHzUhr35JN1D6Z6KY5jOhaTlMM2vQY6Dz5MkDCNC0mggE6JMnZtXHeuFbDu1fZC6uHBKcP-0n29eLjZnWZX33-tF4tr3LDF_WcQyNppQ2HpjDWcmmpLUFKoaVkpi7xmtW2pIUxRcl5UxndWCpE0VpRVGBKfpJ9uNedts0IrcEGRD2oKbpRx50K2qnDG-961YVbVRSMcsoFKpw9KMTwY4s1qdElA8OgPYRtUpwKJimXQiL69h_0Jmyjx_ruKM4kr9hfqtMDKOdtwMRmL6qWoq7x19md1vl_KLQWsNfBg3XoPwjI7wNMDClFsI9FFlTtZ0kdzBLyb5525pH-Mzn8N0F-x0w</recordid><startdate>20240523</startdate><enddate>20240523</enddate><creator>Xu, Wannan</creator><creator>Li, Taiyue</creator><creator>Li, Jiahui</creator><creator>Liu, Siqi</creator><creator>Yu, Xing</creator><creator>Tang, Min</creator><creator>Dong, Jingxiu</creator><creator>Liu, Jianjun</creator><creator>Bu, Xingjiang</creator><creator>Xia, Xingquan</creator><creator>Zhou, Huaxing</creator><creator>Nie, Liuwang</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4642-1308</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-0083</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240523</creationdate><title>The First Identification of Homomorphic XY Sex Chromosomes by Integrating Cytogenetic and Transcriptomic Approaches in Plestiodon elegans (Scincidae)</title><author>Xu, Wannan ; Li, Taiyue ; Li, Jiahui ; Liu, Siqi ; Yu, Xing ; Tang, Min ; Dong, Jingxiu ; Liu, Jianjun ; Bu, Xingjiang ; Xia, Xingquan ; Zhou, Huaxing ; Nie, Liuwang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c369t-eb805ac3eb1cff38f0f4e887a882c94eb829f401cc1433b5cabf0771df715ec43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Chromosomes</topic><topic>Cytogenetic Analysis - methods</topic><topic>Cytogenetics</topic><topic>Diploids</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Gonads</topic><topic>Gonads - metabolism</topic><topic>Heterozygosity</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Molecular biology</topic><topic>Reptiles & amphibians</topic><topic>Sex chromosomes</topic><topic>Sex Chromosomes - genetics</topic><topic>Sexes</topic><topic>Transcriptome - genetics</topic><topic>Transcriptomics</topic><topic>X Chromosome - genetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wannan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Taiyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jiahui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Siqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Jingxiu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bu, Xingjiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Xingquan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Huaxing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nie, Liuwang</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Genes</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xu, Wannan</au><au>Li, Taiyue</au><au>Li, Jiahui</au><au>Liu, Siqi</au><au>Yu, Xing</au><au>Tang, Min</au><au>Dong, Jingxiu</au><au>Liu, Jianjun</au><au>Bu, Xingjiang</au><au>Xia, Xingquan</au><au>Zhou, Huaxing</au><au>Nie, Liuwang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The First Identification of Homomorphic XY Sex Chromosomes by Integrating Cytogenetic and Transcriptomic Approaches in Plestiodon elegans (Scincidae)</atitle><jtitle>Genes</jtitle><addtitle>Genes (Basel)</addtitle><date>2024-05-23</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>664</spage><pages>664-</pages><issn>2073-4425</issn><eissn>2073-4425</eissn><abstract>The sex chromosomes of skinks are usually poorly differentiated and hardly distinguished by cytogenetic methods. Therefore, identifying sex chromosomes in species lacking easily recognizable heteromorphic sex chromosomes is necessary to fully understand sex chromosome diversity. In this paper, we employed cytogenetics, sex quantification of genes, and transcriptomic approaches to characterize the sex chromosomes in
. Cytogenetic examination of metaphases revealed a diploid number of 2n = 26, consisting of 12 macrochromosomes and 14 microchromosomes, with no significant heteromorphic chromosome pairs, speculating that the sex chromosomes may be homomorphic or poorly differentiated. The results of the sex quantification of genes showed that Calumenin (
), COPI coat complex subunit γ 2 (
), and Smoothened (
) were at half the dose in males as in females, suggesting that they are on the X chromosome. Transcriptomic data analysis from the gonads yielded the excess expression male-specific genes (n = 16), in which five PCR molecular markers were developed. Restricting the observed heterozygosity to males suggests the presence of homomorphic sex chromosomes in
, XX/XY. This is the first breakthrough in the study of the sex chromosomes of
.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>38927599</pmid><doi>10.3390/genes15060664</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4642-1308</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-0083</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Chromosomes Cytogenetic Analysis - methods Cytogenetics Diploids Female Females Genes Gonads Gonads - metabolism Heterozygosity Male Males Molecular biology Reptiles & amphibians Sex chromosomes Sex Chromosomes - genetics Sexes Transcriptome - genetics Transcriptomics X Chromosome - genetics |
| title | The First Identification of Homomorphic XY Sex Chromosomes by Integrating Cytogenetic and Transcriptomic Approaches in Plestiodon elegans (Scincidae) |
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