Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia: Results of prospective surveillance
To determine the incidence of infection (CDI) and the frequency of known risk factors. A prospective hospital-based surveillance for CDI, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, was carried out from July 2019 to March 2022 for all inpatients aged more than one year in P...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Saudi medical journal 2024-02, Vol.45 (2), p.188-193 |
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| creator | Kaabia, Naoufel M Al Basha, Hanadi Bukhari, Dalal A Bouafia, Nabiha Al Qahtani, Aeshah N Alshahrani, Ahmad M Aboushanab, Ismail M Al Odayani, Abdulrahman N |
| description | To determine the incidence of
infection (CDI) and the frequency of known risk factors.
A prospective hospital-based surveillance for CDI, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, was carried out from July 2019 to March 2022 for all inpatients aged more than one year in Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A total of 139 cases of CDI were identified during the survey among 130 patients admitted in the hospital. Most cases were incident (n=130; 93.5%), and almost three-quarters (n=102; 73.4%) were hospital-onset (HO) CDI, with an incidence rate of 1.62 per 10,000 patient days (PD). The highest rates were noted in intensive care units with an incidence rate of 3 per 10,000 PD and wards for immunocompromised patients with an incidence rate of 2.72 per 10,000 PD. The most prevalent risk factor for CDI was acid-reducing drugs (72.6%). Vancomycin (48%) and ciprofloxacin (25%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics for patients with CDI.
infection complications were identified in 5.7% of the cases, with a reported 28-day mortality rate of 3.8%.
In our hospital, HO-CDI incidence rate is lower than that in high-income countries. National multicenter surveillance is needed to evaluate the actual burden of CDI in Saudi Arabia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230398 |
| format | Article |
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infection (CDI) and the frequency of known risk factors.
A prospective hospital-based surveillance for CDI, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, was carried out from July 2019 to March 2022 for all inpatients aged more than one year in Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A total of 139 cases of CDI were identified during the survey among 130 patients admitted in the hospital. Most cases were incident (n=130; 93.5%), and almost three-quarters (n=102; 73.4%) were hospital-onset (HO) CDI, with an incidence rate of 1.62 per 10,000 patient days (PD). The highest rates were noted in intensive care units with an incidence rate of 3 per 10,000 PD and wards for immunocompromised patients with an incidence rate of 2.72 per 10,000 PD. The most prevalent risk factor for CDI was acid-reducing drugs (72.6%). Vancomycin (48%) and ciprofloxacin (25%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics for patients with CDI.
infection complications were identified in 5.7% of the cases, with a reported 28-day mortality rate of 3.8%.
In our hospital, HO-CDI incidence rate is lower than that in high-income countries. National multicenter surveillance is needed to evaluate the actual burden of CDI in Saudi Arabia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-5284</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1658-3175</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230398</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38309732</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Saudi Arabia: Saudi Medical Journal</publisher><subject>Ciprofloxacin ; Clostridium difficile ; Clostridium infections ; Drug therapy ; Health aspects ; Infection ; Medical colleges ; Mortality ; Original ; Patient outcomes ; Prevention ; Risk factors ; Saudi Arabia ; Statistics</subject><ispartof>Saudi medical journal, 2024-02, Vol.45 (2), p.188-193</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Saudi Medical Journal</rights><rights>Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0002-1338-0546</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11115418/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11115418/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27922,27923,53789,53791</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38309732$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kaabia, Naoufel M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Basha, Hanadi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bukhari, Dalal A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouafia, Nabiha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Qahtani, Aeshah N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alshahrani, Ahmad M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aboushanab, Ismail M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Odayani, Abdulrahman N</creatorcontrib><title>Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia: Results of prospective surveillance</title><title>Saudi medical journal</title><addtitle>Saudi Med J</addtitle><description>To determine the incidence of
infection (CDI) and the frequency of known risk factors.
A prospective hospital-based surveillance for CDI, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, was carried out from July 2019 to March 2022 for all inpatients aged more than one year in Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A total of 139 cases of CDI were identified during the survey among 130 patients admitted in the hospital. Most cases were incident (n=130; 93.5%), and almost three-quarters (n=102; 73.4%) were hospital-onset (HO) CDI, with an incidence rate of 1.62 per 10,000 patient days (PD). The highest rates were noted in intensive care units with an incidence rate of 3 per 10,000 PD and wards for immunocompromised patients with an incidence rate of 2.72 per 10,000 PD. The most prevalent risk factor for CDI was acid-reducing drugs (72.6%). Vancomycin (48%) and ciprofloxacin (25%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics for patients with CDI.
infection complications were identified in 5.7% of the cases, with a reported 28-day mortality rate of 3.8%.
In our hospital, HO-CDI incidence rate is lower than that in high-income countries. National multicenter surveillance is needed to evaluate the actual burden of CDI in Saudi Arabia.</description><subject>Ciprofloxacin</subject><subject>Clostridium difficile</subject><subject>Clostridium infections</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Medical colleges</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Saudi Arabia</subject><subject>Statistics</subject><issn>0379-5284</issn><issn>1658-3175</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNptkVtrFDEcxYModq1-BQ34PGMuk0nGF1mWeoGC4OU5_JvLmpKZDMnswj73i5txbbFg8pCQnHNIzg-hN5S0VAgu35XxtmWEdW0nWrbuOOGDeoI2tBeq4VSKp2hDuBwawVR3gV6UcksI73vSP0cXXHEySM426O5qDtaNIcW0P-Hk8S6msuRgQ6rnBdvgfTAhOhwm78wS0oRhwYAXl5cA-YQNZIc9VE1YTlWFv8PBBrzNcBPgPf7myiEuZY2ecyrzmnF0uBzy0YUYYTLuJXrmIRb36u96iX5-vPqx-9xcf_30Zbe9bgxjUjVUAKFscERCzzh46x2xwnZUeGuMNdwCl0QNnfIgOm5Y3wEZOBukk1wB55fowzl3PtyMzho3LRminnMY60d0gqAf30zhl96no6Z1iI6qmvD2nLCH6HRtJFWdGUMxeitVr4YKglVV-x9VnWvRJk3O1z4fG-TZYGpDJTv_8CZK9B_euvLWK2_dCc30Pe_qfP3vlx5894D5b-qQqf4</recordid><startdate>202402</startdate><enddate>202402</enddate><creator>Kaabia, Naoufel M</creator><creator>Al Basha, Hanadi</creator><creator>Bukhari, Dalal A</creator><creator>Bouafia, Nabiha</creator><creator>Al Qahtani, Aeshah N</creator><creator>Alshahrani, Ahmad M</creator><creator>Aboushanab, Ismail M</creator><creator>Al Odayani, Abdulrahman N</creator><general>Saudi Medical Journal</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-0546</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202402</creationdate><title>Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia: Results of prospective surveillance</title><author>Kaabia, Naoufel M ; Al Basha, Hanadi ; Bukhari, Dalal A ; Bouafia, Nabiha ; Al Qahtani, Aeshah N ; Alshahrani, Ahmad M ; Aboushanab, Ismail M ; Al Odayani, Abdulrahman N</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2278-15a0129e07a623afdfe0d5d415fdccdc3da3708948fa543c264a093297e738a33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Ciprofloxacin</topic><topic>Clostridium difficile</topic><topic>Clostridium infections</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>Medical colleges</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Saudi Arabia</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kaabia, Naoufel M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Basha, Hanadi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bukhari, Dalal A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouafia, Nabiha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Qahtani, Aeshah N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alshahrani, Ahmad M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aboushanab, Ismail M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Odayani, Abdulrahman N</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Saudi medical journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kaabia, Naoufel M</au><au>Al Basha, Hanadi</au><au>Bukhari, Dalal A</au><au>Bouafia, Nabiha</au><au>Al Qahtani, Aeshah N</au><au>Alshahrani, Ahmad M</au><au>Aboushanab, Ismail M</au><au>Al Odayani, Abdulrahman N</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia: Results of prospective surveillance</atitle><jtitle>Saudi medical journal</jtitle><addtitle>Saudi Med J</addtitle><date>2024-02</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>188</spage><epage>193</epage><pages>188-193</pages><issn>0379-5284</issn><eissn>1658-3175</eissn><abstract>To determine the incidence of
infection (CDI) and the frequency of known risk factors.
A prospective hospital-based surveillance for CDI, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, was carried out from July 2019 to March 2022 for all inpatients aged more than one year in Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A total of 139 cases of CDI were identified during the survey among 130 patients admitted in the hospital. Most cases were incident (n=130; 93.5%), and almost three-quarters (n=102; 73.4%) were hospital-onset (HO) CDI, with an incidence rate of 1.62 per 10,000 patient days (PD). The highest rates were noted in intensive care units with an incidence rate of 3 per 10,000 PD and wards for immunocompromised patients with an incidence rate of 2.72 per 10,000 PD. The most prevalent risk factor for CDI was acid-reducing drugs (72.6%). Vancomycin (48%) and ciprofloxacin (25%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics for patients with CDI.
infection complications were identified in 5.7% of the cases, with a reported 28-day mortality rate of 3.8%.
In our hospital, HO-CDI incidence rate is lower than that in high-income countries. National multicenter surveillance is needed to evaluate the actual burden of CDI in Saudi Arabia.</abstract><cop>Saudi Arabia</cop><pub>Saudi Medical Journal</pub><pmid>38309732</pmid><doi>10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230398</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-0546</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ciprofloxacin Clostridium difficile Clostridium infections Drug therapy Health aspects Infection Medical colleges Mortality Original Patient outcomes Prevention Risk factors Saudi Arabia Statistics |
| title | Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia: Results of prospective surveillance |
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