Assessment of Native Myocardial T1 Mapping for Early Detection of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Anthracycline antibiotic is one of the most effective anti-tumor drugs used to manage certain types of breast cancers, lymphomas, and leukemias. However, anthracyclines induce a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that may progress to heart failure. Thus, using a sensitive predictor of early cardiac dysfu...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cardiovascular toxicology 2024-06, Vol.24 (6), p.563-575
Hauptverfasser: Mohamed, Amira A., Elmancy, Layla Y., Abulola, Sara M., Al-Qattan, Sara A., Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham, Maayah, Zaid H.
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container_end_page 575
container_issue 6
container_start_page 563
container_title Cardiovascular toxicology
container_volume 24
creator Mohamed, Amira A.
Elmancy, Layla Y.
Abulola, Sara M.
Al-Qattan, Sara A.
Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham
Maayah, Zaid H.
description Anthracycline antibiotic is one of the most effective anti-tumor drugs used to manage certain types of breast cancers, lymphomas, and leukemias. However, anthracyclines induce a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that may progress to heart failure. Thus, using a sensitive predictor of early cardiac dysfunction in patients treated with anthracyclines can help detect subclinical cardiac dysfunction early and help initiate interventions to protect these patients. Among parameters of myocardial measure, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-measured native myocardial T1 mapping is considered a sensitive and accurate quantitative measure of early subclinical cardiac changes, particularly cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. However, to understand the quality and the validity of the current evidence supporting the use of these measures in patients treated with anthracyclines, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of clinical studies of this measure to detect early myocardial changes in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. The primary outcome was the level of native T1 mapping. We performed fixed-effects meta-analyses and assessed certainty in effect estimates. Of the 1780 publications reviewed (till 2022), 23 were retrieved, and 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. Our study showed that exposure to anthracycline was associated with a significant elevation of native myocardial T1 mapping from baseline (95% CI 0.1121 to 0.5802; p  = 0.0037) as well as compared to healthy control patients (95% CI 0.2925 to 0.7448; p  
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However, anthracyclines induce a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that may progress to heart failure. Thus, using a sensitive predictor of early cardiac dysfunction in patients treated with anthracyclines can help detect subclinical cardiac dysfunction early and help initiate interventions to protect these patients. Among parameters of myocardial measure, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-measured native myocardial T1 mapping is considered a sensitive and accurate quantitative measure of early subclinical cardiac changes, particularly cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. However, to understand the quality and the validity of the current evidence supporting the use of these measures in patients treated with anthracyclines, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of clinical studies of this measure to detect early myocardial changes in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. The primary outcome was the level of native T1 mapping. We performed fixed-effects meta-analyses and assessed certainty in effect estimates. Of the 1780 publications reviewed (till 2022), 23 were retrieved, and 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. Our study showed that exposure to anthracycline was associated with a significant elevation of native myocardial T1 mapping from baseline (95% CI 0.1121 to 0.5802; p  = 0.0037) as well as compared to healthy control patients (95% CI 0.2925 to 0.7448; p  &lt; 0.0001). No significant publication bias was noted on the assessment of the funnel plot and Egger’s test. According to the Q  test, there was no significant heterogeneity in the included studies ( I 2  = 0.0000% versus healthy controls and I 2  = 14.0666% versus baseline). 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However, anthracyclines induce a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that may progress to heart failure. Thus, using a sensitive predictor of early cardiac dysfunction in patients treated with anthracyclines can help detect subclinical cardiac dysfunction early and help initiate interventions to protect these patients. Among parameters of myocardial measure, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-measured native myocardial T1 mapping is considered a sensitive and accurate quantitative measure of early subclinical cardiac changes, particularly cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. However, to understand the quality and the validity of the current evidence supporting the use of these measures in patients treated with anthracyclines, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of clinical studies of this measure to detect early myocardial changes in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. The primary outcome was the level of native T1 mapping. 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subjects Adult
Aged
Anthracycline
Anthracyclines - adverse effects
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic - adverse effects
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer
Cardiology
Cardiotoxicity
Congestive heart failure
Early Diagnosis
Female
Fibrosis
Heart Diseases - chemically induced
Heart Diseases - diagnosis
Heart Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Heart Diseases - physiopathology
Heterogeneity
Humans
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Magnetic resonance
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Mapping
Meta-analysis
Middle Aged
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Predictive Value of Tests
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Systematic review
Ventricular Function, Left - drug effects
Young Adult
title Assessment of Native Myocardial T1 Mapping for Early Detection of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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