Cannabidiol reduces intraventricular hemorrhage brain damage, preserving myelination and preventing blood brain barrier dysfunction in immature rats

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is an important cause of long-term disability in extremely preterm infants, with no current treatment. This study assessed the potential neuroprotective effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in an IVH model using immature rats. IVH was induced in 1-day-old (P1) Wistar rats b...

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Veröffentlicht in:Neurotherapeutics 2024-03, Vol.21 (2), p.e00326-e00326, Article e00326
Hauptverfasser: Pozo, Aarón Del, Hoz-Rivera, María de, Romero, Angela, Villa, María, Martínez, María, Silva, Laura, Piscitelli, Fabiana, Di Marzo, Vincenzo, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Ana, Hind, William, Martínez-Orgado, José
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is an important cause of long-term disability in extremely preterm infants, with no current treatment. This study assessed the potential neuroprotective effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in an IVH model using immature rats. IVH was induced in 1-day-old (P1) Wistar rats by left periventricular injection of Clostridial collagenase. Some rats received CBD prenatally (10 ​mg/kg i.p. to the dam) and then 5 ​mg/kg i.p. 6, 30 and 54 ​h after IVH (IVH+CBD, n ​= ​30). Other IVH rats received vehicle (IVH+VEH, n ​= ​34) and vehicle-treated non-IVH rats served as controls (SHM, n ​= ​29). Rats were humanely killed at P6, P14 or P45. Brain damage (motor and memory performance, area of damage, Lactate/N-acetylaspartate ratio), white matter injury (ipsilateral hemisphere and corpus callosum volume, oligodendroglial cell density and myelin basic protein signal), blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity (Mfsd2a, occludin and MMP9 expression, gadolinium leakage), inflammation (TLR4, NFκB and TNFα expression, infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells), excitotoxicity (Glutamate/N-acetylspartate ratio) and oxidative stress (protein nitrosylation) were then evaluated. CBD prevented the long-lasting motor and cognitive consequences of IVH, reduced brain damage in the short- and long-term, protected oligodendroglial cells preserving adequate myelination and maintained BBB integrity. The protective effects of CBD were associated with the modulation of inflammation, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. In conclusion, in immature rats, CBD reduced IVH-induced brain damage and its short- and long-term consequences, showing robust and pleiotropic neuroprotective effects. CBD is a potential candidate to ameliorate IVH-induced immature brain damage. Outline of the mechanisms of action of CBD in a IVH immature rat model. CBD administration reduce neuroinflammation by switching microglial phenotype (M2), blocking TLR4 pathway activation and reducing reactive oxygen species release. This neuroprotective effect prevents BBB and myelination disturbances. [Display omitted]
ISSN:1878-7479
1933-7213
1878-7479
DOI:10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00326