Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila larvae up-regulate DNA repair pathways and down-regulate developmental regulators in response to ionizing radiation
Abstract The level of resistance to radiation and the developmental and molecular responses can vary between species, and even between developmental stages of one species. For flies (order: Diptera), prior studies concluded that the fungus gnat Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (sub-order: Nematocera) is...
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description | Abstract
The level of resistance to radiation and the developmental and molecular responses can vary between species, and even between developmental stages of one species. For flies (order: Diptera), prior studies concluded that the fungus gnat Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (sub-order: Nematocera) is more resistant to irradiation-induced mutations that cause visible phenotypes than the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (sub-order: Brachycera). Therefore, we characterized the effects of and level of resistance to ionizing radiation on B. coprophila throughout its life cycle. Our data show that B. coprophila embryos are highly sensitive to even low doses of gamma-irradiation, whereas late-stage larvae can tolerate up to 80 Gy (compared to 40 Gy for D. melanogaster) and still retain their ability to develop to adulthood, though with a developmental delay. To survey the genes involved in the early transcriptional response to irradiation of B. coprophila larvae, we compared larval RNA-seq profiles with and without radiation treatment. The up-regulated genes were enriched for DNA damage response genes, including those involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, whereas the down-regulated genes were enriched for developmental regulators, consistent with the developmental delay of irradiated larvae. Interestingly, members of the PARP and AGO families were highly up-regulated in the B. coprophila radiation response. We compared the transcriptome responses in B. coprophila to the transcriptome responses in D. melanogaster from 3 previous studies: whereas pathway responses are highly conserved, specific gene responses are less so. Our study lays the groundwork for future work on the radiation responses in Diptera. |
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The level of resistance to radiation and the developmental and molecular responses can vary between species, and even between developmental stages of one species. For flies (order: Diptera), prior studies concluded that the fungus gnat Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (sub-order: Nematocera) is more resistant to irradiation-induced mutations that cause visible phenotypes than the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (sub-order: Brachycera). Therefore, we characterized the effects of and level of resistance to ionizing radiation on B. coprophila throughout its life cycle. Our data show that B. coprophila embryos are highly sensitive to even low doses of gamma-irradiation, whereas late-stage larvae can tolerate up to 80 Gy (compared to 40 Gy for D. melanogaster) and still retain their ability to develop to adulthood, though with a developmental delay. To survey the genes involved in the early transcriptional response to irradiation of B. coprophila larvae, we compared larval RNA-seq profiles with and without radiation treatment. The up-regulated genes were enriched for DNA damage response genes, including those involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, whereas the down-regulated genes were enriched for developmental regulators, consistent with the developmental delay of irradiated larvae. Interestingly, members of the PARP and AGO families were highly up-regulated in the B. coprophila radiation response. We compared the transcriptome responses in B. coprophila to the transcriptome responses in D. melanogaster from 3 previous studies: whereas pathway responses are highly conserved, specific gene responses are less so. Our study lays the groundwork for future work on the radiation responses in Diptera.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1943-2631</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0016-6731</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-2631</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad208</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38066617</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bradysia ; Bradysia coprophila ; Cell cycle ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Developmental stages ; Diptera ; Diptera - genetics ; DNA ; DNA damage ; DNA Repair ; Drosophila - genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster - genetics ; Embryos ; Fruit flies ; Gamma irradiation ; Genes ; Humans ; Investigation ; Ionizing radiation ; Irradiation ; Larva - genetics ; Larvae ; Nematocera ; Phenotypes ; Radiation ; Radiation damage ; Radiation tolerance ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Transcriptomes ; γ Radiation</subject><ispartof>Genetics (Austin), 2024-03, Vol.226 (3)</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Genetics Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2023</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Genetics Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Genetics Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-404b4e0e5be36ac99ee20ef2e342cbe5abca6f6c2b21d27afccd9ef2e889e4793</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9270-6569 ; 0000-0002-8782-5958 ; 0000-0003-2148-7180</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38066617$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Calvi, B</contributor><creatorcontrib>Urban, John M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bateman, Jack R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garza, Kodie R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borden, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Jaison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Alexia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thach, Bethany J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bliss, Jacob E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerbi, Susan A</creatorcontrib><title>Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila larvae up-regulate DNA repair pathways and down-regulate developmental regulators in response to ionizing radiation</title><title>Genetics (Austin)</title><addtitle>Genetics</addtitle><description>Abstract
The level of resistance to radiation and the developmental and molecular responses can vary between species, and even between developmental stages of one species. For flies (order: Diptera), prior studies concluded that the fungus gnat Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (sub-order: Nematocera) is more resistant to irradiation-induced mutations that cause visible phenotypes than the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (sub-order: Brachycera). Therefore, we characterized the effects of and level of resistance to ionizing radiation on B. coprophila throughout its life cycle. Our data show that B. coprophila embryos are highly sensitive to even low doses of gamma-irradiation, whereas late-stage larvae can tolerate up to 80 Gy (compared to 40 Gy for D. melanogaster) and still retain their ability to develop to adulthood, though with a developmental delay. To survey the genes involved in the early transcriptional response to irradiation of B. coprophila larvae, we compared larval RNA-seq profiles with and without radiation treatment. The up-regulated genes were enriched for DNA damage response genes, including those involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, whereas the down-regulated genes were enriched for developmental regulators, consistent with the developmental delay of irradiated larvae. Interestingly, members of the PARP and AGO families were highly up-regulated in the B. coprophila radiation response. We compared the transcriptome responses in B. coprophila to the transcriptome responses in D. melanogaster from 3 previous studies: whereas pathway responses are highly conserved, specific gene responses are less so. Our study lays the groundwork for future work on the radiation responses in Diptera.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Bradysia</subject><subject>Bradysia coprophila</subject><subject>Cell cycle</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Developmental stages</subject><subject>Diptera</subject><subject>Diptera - genetics</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA damage</subject><subject>DNA Repair</subject><subject>Drosophila - genetics</subject><subject>Drosophila melanogaster - genetics</subject><subject>Embryos</subject><subject>Fruit flies</subject><subject>Gamma irradiation</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Investigation</subject><subject>Ionizing radiation</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Larva - genetics</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Nematocera</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Radiation damage</subject><subject>Radiation tolerance</subject><subject>Radiation, Ionizing</subject><subject>Transcriptomes</subject><subject>γ Radiation</subject><issn>1943-2631</issn><issn>0016-6731</issn><issn>1943-2631</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi1ERT_gzglZ4lKEQv2ROMkJlQJtpQoOwNmaOJNdV1nb2MlW21_BT8bVbkvhwskezzPvzPgl5CVn7zhr5ckCHU7WpBO7gV6w5gk54G0pC6Ekf_rovk8OU7pmjKm2ap6RfdkwpRSvD8ivDxH6TbJAj78ZCxHeUOND9GFpR6AjxDUgnUMRcTGPMCH9-OWURgxgIw0wLW9gkyi4nvb-xv2helzj6MMK3QQj3T37mKh1OUrBu4R08tR6Z2-tW9A8hYUph8_J3gBjwhe784j8-Pzp-9lFcfX1_PLs9KowshZTUbKyK5Fh1aFUYNoWUTAcBMpSmA4r6AyoQRnRCd6LGgZj-vYu3zQtlnUrj8j7rW6YuxX2Jk8aYdQh2hXEjfZg9d8ZZ5d64dc6fzyvKyaywvFOIfqfM6ZJr2wyOI7g0M9Ji5aJbICqeEZf_4Ne-zm6vJ-WnMtSlRVTmWJbykSfUsThYRrO7tpKfe-33vmdS1493uKh4N7gDLzdAn4O_5f7Dfd1vjk</recordid><startdate>20240306</startdate><enddate>20240306</enddate><creator>Urban, John M</creator><creator>Bateman, Jack R</creator><creator>Garza, Kodie R</creator><creator>Borden, Julia</creator><creator>Jain, Jaison</creator><creator>Brown, Alexia</creator><creator>Thach, Bethany J</creator><creator>Bliss, Jacob E</creator><creator>Gerbi, Susan A</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Genetics Society of America</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-6569</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8782-5958</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2148-7180</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240306</creationdate><title>Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila larvae up-regulate DNA repair pathways and down-regulate developmental regulators in response to ionizing radiation</title><author>Urban, John M ; Bateman, Jack R ; Garza, Kodie R ; Borden, Julia ; Jain, Jaison ; Brown, Alexia ; Thach, Bethany J ; Bliss, Jacob E ; Gerbi, Susan A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-404b4e0e5be36ac99ee20ef2e342cbe5abca6f6c2b21d27afccd9ef2e889e4793</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Bradysia</topic><topic>Bradysia coprophila</topic><topic>Cell cycle</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Developmental stages</topic><topic>Diptera</topic><topic>Diptera - genetics</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA damage</topic><topic>DNA Repair</topic><topic>Drosophila - genetics</topic><topic>Drosophila melanogaster - genetics</topic><topic>Embryos</topic><topic>Fruit flies</topic><topic>Gamma irradiation</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Investigation</topic><topic>Ionizing radiation</topic><topic>Irradiation</topic><topic>Larva - genetics</topic><topic>Larvae</topic><topic>Nematocera</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Radiation</topic><topic>Radiation damage</topic><topic>Radiation tolerance</topic><topic>Radiation, Ionizing</topic><topic>Transcriptomes</topic><topic>γ Radiation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Urban, John M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bateman, Jack R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garza, Kodie R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borden, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Jaison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Alexia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thach, Bethany J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bliss, Jacob E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerbi, Susan A</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Genetics (Austin)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Urban, John M</au><au>Bateman, Jack R</au><au>Garza, Kodie R</au><au>Borden, Julia</au><au>Jain, Jaison</au><au>Brown, Alexia</au><au>Thach, Bethany J</au><au>Bliss, Jacob E</au><au>Gerbi, Susan A</au><au>Calvi, B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila larvae up-regulate DNA repair pathways and down-regulate developmental regulators in response to ionizing radiation</atitle><jtitle>Genetics (Austin)</jtitle><addtitle>Genetics</addtitle><date>2024-03-06</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>226</volume><issue>3</issue><issn>1943-2631</issn><issn>0016-6731</issn><eissn>1943-2631</eissn><abstract>Abstract
The level of resistance to radiation and the developmental and molecular responses can vary between species, and even between developmental stages of one species. For flies (order: Diptera), prior studies concluded that the fungus gnat Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (sub-order: Nematocera) is more resistant to irradiation-induced mutations that cause visible phenotypes than the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (sub-order: Brachycera). Therefore, we characterized the effects of and level of resistance to ionizing radiation on B. coprophila throughout its life cycle. Our data show that B. coprophila embryos are highly sensitive to even low doses of gamma-irradiation, whereas late-stage larvae can tolerate up to 80 Gy (compared to 40 Gy for D. melanogaster) and still retain their ability to develop to adulthood, though with a developmental delay. To survey the genes involved in the early transcriptional response to irradiation of B. coprophila larvae, we compared larval RNA-seq profiles with and without radiation treatment. The up-regulated genes were enriched for DNA damage response genes, including those involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, whereas the down-regulated genes were enriched for developmental regulators, consistent with the developmental delay of irradiated larvae. Interestingly, members of the PARP and AGO families were highly up-regulated in the B. coprophila radiation response. We compared the transcriptome responses in B. coprophila to the transcriptome responses in D. melanogaster from 3 previous studies: whereas pathway responses are highly conserved, specific gene responses are less so. Our study lays the groundwork for future work on the radiation responses in Diptera.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>38066617</pmid><doi>10.1093/genetics/iyad208</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-6569</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8782-5958</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2148-7180</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Apoptosis Bradysia Bradysia coprophila Cell cycle Deoxyribonucleic acid Developmental stages Diptera Diptera - genetics DNA DNA damage DNA Repair Drosophila - genetics Drosophila melanogaster - genetics Embryos Fruit flies Gamma irradiation Genes Humans Investigation Ionizing radiation Irradiation Larva - genetics Larvae Nematocera Phenotypes Radiation Radiation damage Radiation tolerance Radiation, Ionizing Transcriptomes γ Radiation |
title | Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila larvae up-regulate DNA repair pathways and down-regulate developmental regulators in response to ionizing radiation |
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