Evaluation of health status of transgender sex workers in Turkey: A qualitative study

Sex workers can be disadvantaged in terms of overall health due to challenging living and working conditions. This research aimed to evaluate the health status and experiences related to sexually transmitted infections (STDs) of unregistered transgender sex workers in Turkey. It employed a phenomenological qualitative research design. Data were collected in Istanbul between March 2021 and November 2021. Data were collected through in-depth interviews involving 24 people (19 sex workers and 5 physicians). Key statements were listed during data analysis, and clusters of meanings were formed based on these statements. The participants’ statements were used for contextual and structural descriptions. Sex workers suffer from chronic illnesses such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, allergic diseases, and neurological disorders. Among the health issues affecting them, the most notable ones are STDs, psychological problems, and the risk of suicide. Sex workers also face a dilemma between choosing public hospitals and private hospitals. Majority of sex workers undergo regular testing for STDs, with the frequency varying from person to person. Reasons for not undergoing regular testing include lack of social security coverage, financial constraints, lack of information, and feeling undervalued. Some individuals are being subjected to mandatory testing. It is recommended that sex workers who seek and request healthcare services should be provided with detailed information and education, particularly regarding psychological problems and STDs. Las trabajadoras sexuales pueden estar en desventaja en términos de salud general debido a las difíciles condiciones de vida y trabajo. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el estado de salud y las experiencias relacionadas con las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) de las trabajadoras sexuales transgénero no registradas en Turquía. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación cualitativa fenomenológica. Los datos se recopilaron en Estambul entre marzo del 2021 y noviembre del 2021. Los datos se recopilaron a través de entrevistas en profundidad con 24 personas (19 trabajadoras sexuales y 5 médicos). Se enumeraron declaraciones clave durante el análisis de datos y se formaron grupos de significados basados en estas declaraciones. Las declaraciones de los participantes se utilizaron para descripciones contextuales y estructurales. Las trabajadoras sexuales enfrentan enfermedades crónicas com