Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli
Introduction (guava) is a fruit plant of the Myrtaceae family. Guava roots, leaves, and fruits have traditionally been used to prevent and treat various infections. In the last few decades, there has been exponential growth in herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine...
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| description | Introduction
(guava) is a fruit plant of the Myrtaceae family. Guava roots, leaves, and fruits have traditionally been used to prevent and treat various infections. In the last few decades, there has been exponential growth in herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the susceptibility and synergistic properties of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of guava and other antimicrobial drugs against
(
). Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, involving 180 urine samples collected from patients who exhibited symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim was to evaluate in vitro synergism between leaf extracts of guava and antimicrobial drugs on uropathogenic
, using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Kirby-Bauer method. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to determine the synergistic activity using Muller-Hinton agar (MHA), and the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results The study found that, of the 180 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, significant growth was observed in 93 samples, with the most notable increase seen in
. The antibiotics tobramycin, ofloxacin, and amikacin, each showing a sensitivity of 76% and 70% respectively, were found to be the most sensitive. Conversely, cefuroxime and cephalothin, both at 76%, were the most resistant. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of
without guava extract demonstrated tobramycin (TOB) at 76.66%, followed by ofloxacin (OF) and amikacin (AK) at 70% each, levofloxacin (LE) at 63.33%, nitrofurantoin (NIT) at 53.33%, trimethoprim (TR) at 43.33%, cefotaxime (CTX) at 36.66%, ceftizoxime (CZX) at 30%, norfloxacin (NR) at 26.66%, cephalothin (CEP) at 23.33%, amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) at 20%, and cefuroxime (CXM) at 10%. In contrast, when the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli with guava extract was examined, the highest sensitivity was noted for OF (100%), followed by LE (96.66%), TOB (93.33%), AK (90%), NIT (76.66%), AMC and TR (66.66% each), CTX (60%), CZX (53.33%), CEP (50%), NX (43.33%), and CXM (26.66%). Therefore,
(guava) extract exhibited a synergistic effect when combined with antibiotics, most notably with ofloxacin. Conclusion The study revealed that the highest synergistic activity of guava plant leaf extract was with the antibiotic ofloxacin. This finding indicates tha |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7759/cureus.52345 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10867551</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2933378145</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c300t-6f1a355cf8a1033df94b205ec023012e70f35c1f95cc43430a73ff1aaf64038b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkc1LXDEUxYNYqlh3XUvAjYuO3uS-vGRWRezUFgQFdR3yMslM5M17Yz7E-e-bOlasqxu4vxzuOYeQrwxOpRTTM1uiK-lUcGzEDtnnrFUTxVSz--69Rw5TegAABpKDhM9kDxW2TCLbJ-G2JOvWOXShD3lDzTCnt5vBxUVIOVg6897ZnOjo6WUxT4be9GbIdPaco7H5BT8fclgFG8cumJ7-iGVR8YHOkl26GOwyGGrHPnwhn7zpkzt8nQfk_ufs7uLX5Or68vfF-dXEIkCetJ4ZFMJ6ZRggzv206TgIZ4EjMO4keBSW-amwtsEGwUj09Y_xbQOoOjwg37e669Kt3Ny6oZ7a63UMKxM3ejRB_78ZwlIvxifNQLVSCFYVTl4V4vhYXMp6FWpIfXXuxpI0n3LFG15DrOjxB_RhLHGo_iqFiFKxRlTq25aqIaUUnX-7hoH-26Pe9qhfeqz40XsHb_C_1vAPkYOa3A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2933378145</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli</title><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Mitra, Sohini ; Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V ; Kar, Harapriya</creator><creatorcontrib>Mitra, Sohini ; Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V ; Kar, Harapriya</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
(guava) is a fruit plant of the Myrtaceae family. Guava roots, leaves, and fruits have traditionally been used to prevent and treat various infections. In the last few decades, there has been exponential growth in herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the susceptibility and synergistic properties of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of guava and other antimicrobial drugs against
(
). Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, involving 180 urine samples collected from patients who exhibited symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim was to evaluate in vitro synergism between leaf extracts of guava and antimicrobial drugs on uropathogenic
, using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Kirby-Bauer method. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to determine the synergistic activity using Muller-Hinton agar (MHA), and the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results The study found that, of the 180 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, significant growth was observed in 93 samples, with the most notable increase seen in
. The antibiotics tobramycin, ofloxacin, and amikacin, each showing a sensitivity of 76% and 70% respectively, were found to be the most sensitive. Conversely, cefuroxime and cephalothin, both at 76%, were the most resistant. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of
without guava extract demonstrated tobramycin (TOB) at 76.66%, followed by ofloxacin (OF) and amikacin (AK) at 70% each, levofloxacin (LE) at 63.33%, nitrofurantoin (NIT) at 53.33%, trimethoprim (TR) at 43.33%, cefotaxime (CTX) at 36.66%, ceftizoxime (CZX) at 30%, norfloxacin (NR) at 26.66%, cephalothin (CEP) at 23.33%, amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) at 20%, and cefuroxime (CXM) at 10%. In contrast, when the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli with guava extract was examined, the highest sensitivity was noted for OF (100%), followed by LE (96.66%), TOB (93.33%), AK (90%), NIT (76.66%), AMC and TR (66.66% each), CTX (60%), CZX (53.33%), CEP (50%), NX (43.33%), and CXM (26.66%). Therefore,
(guava) extract exhibited a synergistic effect when combined with antibiotics, most notably with ofloxacin. Conclusion The study revealed that the highest synergistic activity of guava plant leaf extract was with the antibiotic ofloxacin. This finding indicates that guava extract enhances the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotics for treating UTI, an effect mainly attributed to the flavonoid compounds and their derivatives in the guava leaf extract, which inhibit bacterial growth. This study demonstrated the antibacterial properties of guava, suggesting that combining antibiotics with guava extract can help delay the emergence of bacterial resistance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2168-8184</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2168-8184</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52345</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38361731</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Cureus Inc</publisher><subject>Antibiotics ; Drug resistance ; E coli ; Flavonoids ; Infectious Disease ; Urinary tract infections ; Urine</subject><ispartof>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA), 2024-01, Vol.16 (1), p.e52345-e52345</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2024, Mitra et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024, Mitra et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024, Mitra et al. 2024 Mitra et al.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c300t-6f1a355cf8a1033df94b205ec023012e70f35c1f95cc43430a73ff1aaf64038b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10867551/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10867551/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,886,27926,27927,53793,53795</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38361731$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mitra, Sohini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kar, Harapriya</creatorcontrib><title>Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli</title><title>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</title><addtitle>Cureus</addtitle><description>Introduction
(guava) is a fruit plant of the Myrtaceae family. Guava roots, leaves, and fruits have traditionally been used to prevent and treat various infections. In the last few decades, there has been exponential growth in herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the susceptibility and synergistic properties of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of guava and other antimicrobial drugs against
(
). Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, involving 180 urine samples collected from patients who exhibited symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim was to evaluate in vitro synergism between leaf extracts of guava and antimicrobial drugs on uropathogenic
, using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Kirby-Bauer method. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to determine the synergistic activity using Muller-Hinton agar (MHA), and the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results The study found that, of the 180 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, significant growth was observed in 93 samples, with the most notable increase seen in
. The antibiotics tobramycin, ofloxacin, and amikacin, each showing a sensitivity of 76% and 70% respectively, were found to be the most sensitive. Conversely, cefuroxime and cephalothin, both at 76%, were the most resistant. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of
without guava extract demonstrated tobramycin (TOB) at 76.66%, followed by ofloxacin (OF) and amikacin (AK) at 70% each, levofloxacin (LE) at 63.33%, nitrofurantoin (NIT) at 53.33%, trimethoprim (TR) at 43.33%, cefotaxime (CTX) at 36.66%, ceftizoxime (CZX) at 30%, norfloxacin (NR) at 26.66%, cephalothin (CEP) at 23.33%, amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) at 20%, and cefuroxime (CXM) at 10%. In contrast, when the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli with guava extract was examined, the highest sensitivity was noted for OF (100%), followed by LE (96.66%), TOB (93.33%), AK (90%), NIT (76.66%), AMC and TR (66.66% each), CTX (60%), CZX (53.33%), CEP (50%), NX (43.33%), and CXM (26.66%). Therefore,
(guava) extract exhibited a synergistic effect when combined with antibiotics, most notably with ofloxacin. Conclusion The study revealed that the highest synergistic activity of guava plant leaf extract was with the antibiotic ofloxacin. This finding indicates that guava extract enhances the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotics for treating UTI, an effect mainly attributed to the flavonoid compounds and their derivatives in the guava leaf extract, which inhibit bacterial growth. This study demonstrated the antibacterial properties of guava, suggesting that combining antibiotics with guava extract can help delay the emergence of bacterial resistance.</description><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Infectious Disease</subject><subject>Urinary tract infections</subject><subject>Urine</subject><issn>2168-8184</issn><issn>2168-8184</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1LXDEUxYNYqlh3XUvAjYuO3uS-vGRWRezUFgQFdR3yMslM5M17Yz7E-e-bOlasqxu4vxzuOYeQrwxOpRTTM1uiK-lUcGzEDtnnrFUTxVSz--69Rw5TegAABpKDhM9kDxW2TCLbJ-G2JOvWOXShD3lDzTCnt5vBxUVIOVg6897ZnOjo6WUxT4be9GbIdPaco7H5BT8fclgFG8cumJ7-iGVR8YHOkl26GOwyGGrHPnwhn7zpkzt8nQfk_ufs7uLX5Or68vfF-dXEIkCetJ4ZFMJ6ZRggzv206TgIZ4EjMO4keBSW-amwtsEGwUj09Y_xbQOoOjwg37e669Kt3Ny6oZ7a63UMKxM3ejRB_78ZwlIvxifNQLVSCFYVTl4V4vhYXMp6FWpIfXXuxpI0n3LFG15DrOjxB_RhLHGo_iqFiFKxRlTq25aqIaUUnX-7hoH-26Pe9qhfeqz40XsHb_C_1vAPkYOa3A</recordid><startdate>20240115</startdate><enddate>20240115</enddate><creator>Mitra, Sohini</creator><creator>Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V</creator><creator>Kar, Harapriya</creator><general>Cureus Inc</general><general>Cureus</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240115</creationdate><title>Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli</title><author>Mitra, Sohini ; Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V ; Kar, Harapriya</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c300t-6f1a355cf8a1033df94b205ec023012e70f35c1f95cc43430a73ff1aaf64038b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Drug resistance</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Flavonoids</topic><topic>Infectious Disease</topic><topic>Urinary tract infections</topic><topic>Urine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mitra, Sohini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kar, Harapriya</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mitra, Sohini</au><au>Bhesania Hodiwala, Anahita V</au><au>Kar, Harapriya</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli</atitle><jtitle>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</jtitle><addtitle>Cureus</addtitle><date>2024-01-15</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e52345</spage><epage>e52345</epage><pages>e52345-e52345</pages><issn>2168-8184</issn><eissn>2168-8184</eissn><abstract>Introduction
(guava) is a fruit plant of the Myrtaceae family. Guava roots, leaves, and fruits have traditionally been used to prevent and treat various infections. In the last few decades, there has been exponential growth in herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the susceptibility and synergistic properties of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of guava and other antimicrobial drugs against
(
). Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, involving 180 urine samples collected from patients who exhibited symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim was to evaluate in vitro synergism between leaf extracts of guava and antimicrobial drugs on uropathogenic
, using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Kirby-Bauer method. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to determine the synergistic activity using Muller-Hinton agar (MHA), and the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results The study found that, of the 180 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, significant growth was observed in 93 samples, with the most notable increase seen in
. The antibiotics tobramycin, ofloxacin, and amikacin, each showing a sensitivity of 76% and 70% respectively, were found to be the most sensitive. Conversely, cefuroxime and cephalothin, both at 76%, were the most resistant. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of
without guava extract demonstrated tobramycin (TOB) at 76.66%, followed by ofloxacin (OF) and amikacin (AK) at 70% each, levofloxacin (LE) at 63.33%, nitrofurantoin (NIT) at 53.33%, trimethoprim (TR) at 43.33%, cefotaxime (CTX) at 36.66%, ceftizoxime (CZX) at 30%, norfloxacin (NR) at 26.66%, cephalothin (CEP) at 23.33%, amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) at 20%, and cefuroxime (CXM) at 10%. In contrast, when the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli with guava extract was examined, the highest sensitivity was noted for OF (100%), followed by LE (96.66%), TOB (93.33%), AK (90%), NIT (76.66%), AMC and TR (66.66% each), CTX (60%), CZX (53.33%), CEP (50%), NX (43.33%), and CXM (26.66%). Therefore,
(guava) extract exhibited a synergistic effect when combined with antibiotics, most notably with ofloxacin. Conclusion The study revealed that the highest synergistic activity of guava plant leaf extract was with the antibiotic ofloxacin. This finding indicates that guava extract enhances the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotics for treating UTI, an effect mainly attributed to the flavonoid compounds and their derivatives in the guava leaf extract, which inhibit bacterial growth. This study demonstrated the antibacterial properties of guava, suggesting that combining antibiotics with guava extract can help delay the emergence of bacterial resistance.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Cureus Inc</pub><pmid>38361731</pmid><doi>10.7759/cureus.52345</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antibiotics Drug resistance E coli Flavonoids Infectious Disease Urinary tract infections Urine |
| title | Susceptibility and Synergistic Effects of Guava Plant Extract and Antimicrobial Drugs on Escherichia coli |
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