Political Representation and perinatal outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic people in Georgia: A Cross-sectional Study
Our goal was to estimate differences in perinatal outcomes by racial differences in political representation, a measure of structural racism. We gathered data on the racial composition of county-level elected officials for all counties in Georgia (n=159) in 2022. We subtracted the percent of non-whi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Annals of epidemiology 2023-11, Vol.87, p.38-44.e2 |
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| container_title | Annals of epidemiology |
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| creator | Stanhope, Kaitlyn K Kapila, Pari Umerani, Amal Hossein, Afsha Abu-Salah, Maha Singisetti, Vanshika Carter, Sierra Boulet, Sheree |
| description | Our goal was to estimate differences in perinatal outcomes by racial differences in political representation, a measure of structural racism.
We gathered data on the racial composition of county-level elected officials for all counties in Georgia (n=159) in 2022. We subtracted the percent of non-white elected officials from the percent of non-white residents to calculate the “representation difference”, with greater positive values indicating a larger disparity. We linked this to data from 2020-2021 birth certificates (n = 238,795) on outcomes (preterm birth, |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.09.001 |
| format | Article |
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We gathered data on the racial composition of county-level elected officials for all counties in Georgia (n=159) in 2022. We subtracted the percent of non-white elected officials from the percent of non-white residents to calculate the “representation difference”, with greater positive values indicating a larger disparity. We linked this to data from 2020-2021 birth certificates (n = 238,795) on outcomes (preterm birth, <37 weeks, low birthweight birth <2500 grams, birthweight, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean delivery). We fit log binomial and linear models with generalized estimating equations, stratified by individual race/ethnicity and including individual and county covariates.
Median representation difference was 17.5 percentage points (interquartile range: 17.2). A 25-percentile point increase in representation difference was associated with a greater risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [white: adjusted RR: 1.12, 95% CI: (1.05, 1.2), Black: 1.06, 95% CI: (0.95, 1.17), other: 1.14, 95% CI: (1.0, 1.3), Hispanic: 1.19, 95% CI: (1.07, 1.32)] and lower mean birthweight for Black birthing people [adjusted beta -15.3, 95% CI: (-25.5, -7.4)].
Parity in political representation may be associated with healthier environments.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1047-2797</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1873-2585</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2585</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.09.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37689094</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Birth Weight ; Black or African American ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Georgia - epidemiology ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ; Infant, Newborn ; local government ; low birthweight ; maternal and infant health ; Politics ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; preterm birth ; Structural Racism ; White ; White People</subject><ispartof>Annals of epidemiology, 2023-11, Vol.87, p.38-44.e2</ispartof><rights>2023 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-d8bff2dd8083c9955eb2a2a83c30812bc676bcca926c4b02cd71352d61bc0e3e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1047279723001679$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37689094$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stanhope, Kaitlyn K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kapila, Pari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umerani, Amal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hossein, Afsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abu-Salah, Maha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singisetti, Vanshika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carter, Sierra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boulet, Sheree</creatorcontrib><title>Political Representation and perinatal outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic people in Georgia: A Cross-sectional Study</title><title>Annals of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Ann Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Our goal was to estimate differences in perinatal outcomes by racial differences in political representation, a measure of structural racism.
We gathered data on the racial composition of county-level elected officials for all counties in Georgia (n=159) in 2022. We subtracted the percent of non-white elected officials from the percent of non-white residents to calculate the “representation difference”, with greater positive values indicating a larger disparity. We linked this to data from 2020-2021 birth certificates (n = 238,795) on outcomes (preterm birth, <37 weeks, low birthweight birth <2500 grams, birthweight, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean delivery). We fit log binomial and linear models with generalized estimating equations, stratified by individual race/ethnicity and including individual and county covariates.
Median representation difference was 17.5 percentage points (interquartile range: 17.2). A 25-percentile point increase in representation difference was associated with a greater risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [white: adjusted RR: 1.12, 95% CI: (1.05, 1.2), Black: 1.06, 95% CI: (0.95, 1.17), other: 1.14, 95% CI: (1.0, 1.3), Hispanic: 1.19, 95% CI: (1.07, 1.32)] and lower mean birthweight for Black birthing people [adjusted beta -15.3, 95% CI: (-25.5, -7.4)].
Parity in political representation may be associated with healthier environments.</description><subject>Birth Weight</subject><subject>Black or African American</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Georgia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hispanic or Latino</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced</subject><subject>hypertensive disorders of pregnancy</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>local government</subject><subject>low birthweight</subject><subject>maternal and infant health</subject><subject>Politics</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Premature Birth</subject><subject>preterm birth</subject><subject>Structural Racism</subject><subject>White</subject><subject>White People</subject><issn>1047-2797</issn><issn>1873-2585</issn><issn>1873-2585</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtv1DAUhSMEoqXwF8BLFk3wI4ltNmgY0RapEoiHWFqOfaf1kNip7VT039fDlBGsWNnWPee7vvdU1SuCG4JJ_2bbaO9hdhamhmLKGiwbjMmj6pgIzmraie5xueOW15RLflQ9S2mLMeaC06fVEeO9kFi2x9Wvz2F02Rk9oi8wR0jgs84ueKS9RTNE53UuxbBkEyZIKAf0ftTm5yn6ce0ynP7WXbg0a-9MMYR5BOQ8OocQr5x-i1ZoHUNKdQKz4xbW17zYu-fVk40eE7x4OE-q72cfvq0v6stP5x_Xq8vaMM5ybcWw2VBrBRbMSNl1MFBNdXkwLAgdTM_7wRgtaW_aAVNjOWEdtT0ZDAYG7KR6t-fOyzCBNWW-qEc1RzfpeKeCdurfinfX6ircKoJFS2XbFsLrB0IMNwukrCaXDIyj9hCWpKjoGZUdo6RI-V5qdiNH2Bz6EKx2wamtOgSndsEpLFUJrjhf_v3Ng-9PUkWw2gugLOvWQVTJOPAGrItls8oG998m9z-esPk</recordid><startdate>20231101</startdate><enddate>20231101</enddate><creator>Stanhope, Kaitlyn K</creator><creator>Kapila, Pari</creator><creator>Umerani, Amal</creator><creator>Hossein, Afsha</creator><creator>Abu-Salah, Maha</creator><creator>Singisetti, Vanshika</creator><creator>Carter, Sierra</creator><creator>Boulet, Sheree</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231101</creationdate><title>Political Representation and perinatal outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic people in Georgia: A Cross-sectional Study</title><author>Stanhope, Kaitlyn K ; Kapila, Pari ; Umerani, Amal ; Hossein, Afsha ; Abu-Salah, Maha ; Singisetti, Vanshika ; Carter, Sierra ; Boulet, Sheree</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-d8bff2dd8083c9955eb2a2a83c30812bc676bcca926c4b02cd71352d61bc0e3e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Birth Weight</topic><topic>Black or African American</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Georgia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hispanic or Latino</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced</topic><topic>hypertensive disorders of pregnancy</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>local government</topic><topic>low birthweight</topic><topic>maternal and infant health</topic><topic>Politics</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Premature Birth</topic><topic>preterm birth</topic><topic>Structural Racism</topic><topic>White</topic><topic>White People</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stanhope, Kaitlyn K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kapila, Pari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umerani, Amal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hossein, Afsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abu-Salah, Maha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singisetti, Vanshika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carter, Sierra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boulet, Sheree</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Annals of epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stanhope, Kaitlyn K</au><au>Kapila, Pari</au><au>Umerani, Amal</au><au>Hossein, Afsha</au><au>Abu-Salah, Maha</au><au>Singisetti, Vanshika</au><au>Carter, Sierra</au><au>Boulet, Sheree</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Political Representation and perinatal outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic people in Georgia: A Cross-sectional Study</atitle><jtitle>Annals of epidemiology</jtitle><addtitle>Ann Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2023-11-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>87</volume><spage>38</spage><epage>44.e2</epage><pages>38-44.e2</pages><issn>1047-2797</issn><issn>1873-2585</issn><eissn>1873-2585</eissn><abstract>Our goal was to estimate differences in perinatal outcomes by racial differences in political representation, a measure of structural racism.
We gathered data on the racial composition of county-level elected officials for all counties in Georgia (n=159) in 2022. We subtracted the percent of non-white elected officials from the percent of non-white residents to calculate the “representation difference”, with greater positive values indicating a larger disparity. We linked this to data from 2020-2021 birth certificates (n = 238,795) on outcomes (preterm birth, <37 weeks, low birthweight birth <2500 grams, birthweight, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean delivery). We fit log binomial and linear models with generalized estimating equations, stratified by individual race/ethnicity and including individual and county covariates.
Median representation difference was 17.5 percentage points (interquartile range: 17.2). A 25-percentile point increase in representation difference was associated with a greater risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [white: adjusted RR: 1.12, 95% CI: (1.05, 1.2), Black: 1.06, 95% CI: (0.95, 1.17), other: 1.14, 95% CI: (1.0, 1.3), Hispanic: 1.19, 95% CI: (1.07, 1.32)] and lower mean birthweight for Black birthing people [adjusted beta -15.3, 95% CI: (-25.5, -7.4)].
Parity in political representation may be associated with healthier environments.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>37689094</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.09.001</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Birth Weight Black or African American Cross-Sectional Studies Female Georgia - epidemiology Hispanic or Latino Humans Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Infant, Newborn local government low birthweight maternal and infant health Politics Pregnancy Premature Birth preterm birth Structural Racism White White People |
| title | Political Representation and perinatal outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic people in Georgia: A Cross-sectional Study |
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