Ameliorative Effects of Korean-Red-Ginseng-Derived Polysaccharide on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea
This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Korean-red-ginseng-derived polysaccharide (KRG-P) on antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) induced by administering lincomycin in mice. Changes of intestinal barrier proteins, the intestinal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents were in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2024-01, Vol.16 (2), p.231 |
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| description | This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Korean-red-ginseng-derived polysaccharide (KRG-P) on antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) induced by administering lincomycin in mice. Changes of intestinal barrier proteins, the intestinal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents were investigated. Lincomycin was orally administered for 9 days to induce diarrhea; subsequently, 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of KRG-P were administered orally for 12 days. The diarrhea was observed in the AAD group; further KRG-P administration improved the diarrhea. Analysis of changes in the intestinal microbial flora of the mice revealed that the harmful bacterial flora (such as Proteobacteria) were increased in the AAD group, whereas beneficial bacterial flora (such as Firmicutes) were decreased. However, KRG-P administration resulted in decreased Proteobacteria and increased Firmicutes, supporting the improvement of the microbial flora imbalance caused by AAD. Moreover, an analysis of the SCFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butylic acid) in the caecum revealed that SCFAs' contents in the AAD group were substantially reduced but tended to increase upon KRG-P administration. Based on these results, KRG-P, which is primarily composed of carbohydrates can improve lincomycin-induced diarrhea, likely owing to the recovery of SCFA content by improving the intestinal microbial imbalance and intestinal barrier proteins. |
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Changes of intestinal barrier proteins, the intestinal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents were investigated. Lincomycin was orally administered for 9 days to induce diarrhea; subsequently, 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of KRG-P were administered orally for 12 days. The diarrhea was observed in the AAD group; further KRG-P administration improved the diarrhea. Analysis of changes in the intestinal microbial flora of the mice revealed that the harmful bacterial flora (such as Proteobacteria) were increased in the AAD group, whereas beneficial bacterial flora (such as Firmicutes) were decreased. However, KRG-P administration resulted in decreased Proteobacteria and increased Firmicutes, supporting the improvement of the microbial flora imbalance caused by AAD. Moreover, an analysis of the SCFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butylic acid) in the caecum revealed that SCFAs' contents in the AAD group were substantially reduced but tended to increase upon KRG-P administration. Based on these results, KRG-P, which is primarily composed of carbohydrates can improve lincomycin-induced diarrhea, likely owing to the recovery of SCFA content by improving the intestinal microbial imbalance and intestinal barrier proteins.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym16020231</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38257030</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acetic acid ; Animals ; Antibiotics ; Bacterial infections ; Carbohydrates ; Care and treatment ; Diarrhea ; Drug dosages ; Feces ; Fourier transforms ; Ginseng ; Identification and classification ; Microorganisms ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Performance evaluation ; Polysaccharides ; Properties ; Propionic acid ; Proteins ; Small intestine ; Spectrum analysis</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2024-01, Vol.16 (2), p.231</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Changes of intestinal barrier proteins, the intestinal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents were investigated. Lincomycin was orally administered for 9 days to induce diarrhea; subsequently, 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of KRG-P were administered orally for 12 days. The diarrhea was observed in the AAD group; further KRG-P administration improved the diarrhea. Analysis of changes in the intestinal microbial flora of the mice revealed that the harmful bacterial flora (such as Proteobacteria) were increased in the AAD group, whereas beneficial bacterial flora (such as Firmicutes) were decreased. However, KRG-P administration resulted in decreased Proteobacteria and increased Firmicutes, supporting the improvement of the microbial flora imbalance caused by AAD. Moreover, an analysis of the SCFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butylic acid) in the caecum revealed that SCFAs' contents in the AAD group were substantially reduced but tended to increase upon KRG-P administration. Based on these results, KRG-P, which is primarily composed of carbohydrates can improve lincomycin-induced diarrhea, likely owing to the recovery of SCFA content by improving the intestinal microbial imbalance and intestinal barrier proteins.</description><subject>Acetic acid</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Bacterial infections</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Ginseng</subject><subject>Identification and classification</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Performance evaluation</subject><subject>Polysaccharides</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>Propionic acid</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Small intestine</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1r3DAQhk1oSUKaY6_F0EsvSvVhW_KpmCRNSwMtJTkLeTTaVbClreQN5N9XS9I0W6o5SIyeeUcj3qp6y-iZED39uInTw8w6yikX7KA65lQK0oiOvnpxPqpOc76jZTVt1zF5WB0JxVtJBT2uYJhx8jGZxd9jfekcwpLr6OpvMaEJ5CdacuVDxrAiF5gKZOsfpWs2AGuTvMU6hnoIix99XDyQIecI3iyFu_AmpTWaN9VrZ6aMp0_7SXX7-fLm_Au5_n719Xy4JtAosZCGUiEdWFCKmga6phVcyp71tAWLwBrHzIiWW2hVA-0onLE4Wu6Y7ETrnDipPj3qbrbjjBYwLMlMepP8bNKDjsbr_Zvg13oV7zWjitNGqqLw4UkhxV9bzIuefQacJhMwbrPmPZOq6wVjBX3_D3oXtymU-XaUKu9Wbf-XWpkJtQ8ulsawE9WDVLTnHZU7rbP_UCUszh5iQOdLfq-APBZAijkndM9DMqp3ztB7zij8u5c_80z_8YH4DZnAtJQ</recordid><startdate>20240101</startdate><enddate>20240101</enddate><creator>Min, Su Ji</creator><creator>Kim, Hiyoung</creator><creator>Yambe, Noriko</creator><creator>Shin, Myoung-Sook</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-4596</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-437X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240101</creationdate><title>Ameliorative Effects of Korean-Red-Ginseng-Derived Polysaccharide on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea</title><author>Min, Su Ji ; Kim, Hiyoung ; Yambe, Noriko ; Shin, Myoung-Sook</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-40037fcdc880a4c645327791905cdec14f1abed2dc584c5b3fadebd2f17635ff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acetic acid</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Bacterial infections</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Feces</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Ginseng</topic><topic>Identification and classification</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Performance evaluation</topic><topic>Polysaccharides</topic><topic>Properties</topic><topic>Propionic acid</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Small intestine</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Min, Su Ji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hiyoung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yambe, Noriko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shin, Myoung-Sook</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Min, Su Ji</au><au>Kim, Hiyoung</au><au>Yambe, Noriko</au><au>Shin, Myoung-Sook</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ameliorative Effects of Korean-Red-Ginseng-Derived Polysaccharide on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><date>2024-01-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>231</spage><pages>231-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Korean-red-ginseng-derived polysaccharide (KRG-P) on antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) induced by administering lincomycin in mice. Changes of intestinal barrier proteins, the intestinal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents were investigated. Lincomycin was orally administered for 9 days to induce diarrhea; subsequently, 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of KRG-P were administered orally for 12 days. The diarrhea was observed in the AAD group; further KRG-P administration improved the diarrhea. Analysis of changes in the intestinal microbial flora of the mice revealed that the harmful bacterial flora (such as Proteobacteria) were increased in the AAD group, whereas beneficial bacterial flora (such as Firmicutes) were decreased. However, KRG-P administration resulted in decreased Proteobacteria and increased Firmicutes, supporting the improvement of the microbial flora imbalance caused by AAD. Moreover, an analysis of the SCFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butylic acid) in the caecum revealed that SCFAs' contents in the AAD group were substantially reduced but tended to increase upon KRG-P administration. Based on these results, KRG-P, which is primarily composed of carbohydrates can improve lincomycin-induced diarrhea, likely owing to the recovery of SCFA content by improving the intestinal microbial imbalance and intestinal barrier proteins.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>38257030</pmid><doi>10.3390/polym16020231</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-4596</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-437X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acetic acid Animals Antibiotics Bacterial infections Carbohydrates Care and treatment Diarrhea Drug dosages Feces Fourier transforms Ginseng Identification and classification Microorganisms NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Performance evaluation Polysaccharides Properties Propionic acid Proteins Small intestine Spectrum analysis |
| title | Ameliorative Effects of Korean-Red-Ginseng-Derived Polysaccharide on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea |
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