Changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering
Abstract Neutering is a significant risk factor for obesity in dogs. Changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites have been identified as a key player during obesity progression. However, the mechanisms that promote neuter-associated weight gain are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, si...
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| creator | Yang, Kang Lin, Xinye Jian, Shiyan Wen, Jiawei Jian, Xiaoying He, Shansong Wen, Chaoyu Liu, Tingting Qi, Xin Yin, Yulong Deng, Baichuan |
| description | Abstract
Neutering is a significant risk factor for obesity in dogs. Changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites have been identified as a key player during obesity progression. However, the mechanisms that promote neuter-associated weight gain are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, sixteen clinically healthy Beagle dogs (6 male and 10 female, mean age = 8.22 ± 0.25 mo old) were neutered. Body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were recorded at 1 d before neutering, 3, 6, 10, 16, and 21 mo after neutering. Dogs were grouped based on their BCS as ideal weight group (IW, n = 4, mean BW = 13.22 ± 1.30 kg, mean BCS = 5.00 ± 0.41) and obese group (OB, n = 12, mean BW = 18.57 ± 1.08 kg, mean BCS = 7.92 ± 0.82) at 21 mo after neutering. Serum lipid profile, glucose, and hormones and fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured. Our results showed that OB dogs had greater (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jas/skad283 |
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Neutering is a significant risk factor for obesity in dogs. Changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites have been identified as a key player during obesity progression. However, the mechanisms that promote neuter-associated weight gain are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, sixteen clinically healthy Beagle dogs (6 male and 10 female, mean age = 8.22 ± 0.25 mo old) were neutered. Body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were recorded at 1 d before neutering, 3, 6, 10, 16, and 21 mo after neutering. Dogs were grouped based on their BCS as ideal weight group (IW, n = 4, mean BW = 13.22 ± 1.30 kg, mean BCS = 5.00 ± 0.41) and obese group (OB, n = 12, mean BW = 18.57 ± 1.08 kg, mean BCS = 7.92 ± 0.82) at 21 mo after neutering. Serum lipid profile, glucose, and hormones and fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured. Our results showed that OB dogs had greater (P < 0.0001) BW (18.57 vs. 13.22 kg), BCS (7.92 vs. 5.00), and average daily gain (12.27 vs. 5.69 g/d) than IW dogs at 21 mo after neutering, and the obesity rate was up to 60%. In addition, significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum triglyceride (TG, 1.10 vs. 0.56 mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 6.96 vs. 5.40 mmol/L) levels and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in serum adiponectin (APN, 54.06 vs. 58.39 μg/L) level were observed in OB dogs; serum total cholesterol (4.83 vs. 3.75 mmol/L) (P = 0.075) and leptin (LEP, 2.82 vs. 2.53 μg/L) (P = 0.065) levels tended to be greater in OB dogs; there was a trend towards a lower (P = 0.092) APN/LEP (19.32 vs. 21.81) in OB dogs. Results of fecal microbial alpha-diversity showed that Observed_species and Chao1 indices tended to be lower (P = 0.069) in OB dogs. The STAMP and LEfSe analyses revealed that OB dogs had a greater (P < 0.05 and LDA > 2) reduction in relative abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella_9, and Megamonas than IW dogs. In addition, OB dogs also had greater (P < 0.05) reduction in fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations than IW dogs. Moreover, clear negative correlations (|r| > 0.5 and P < 0.05) were found between SCFAs-producing bacteria and BW, TG, and HDL-C. The functional predictions of microbial communities based on PICRUSt2 analysis revealed that lipid metabolism and endocrine system were significantly disturbed in obese dogs after neutering. Thus, intervention with SCFAs-producing bacteria might represent a new target for the prevention or treatment of canine obesity after neutering. Moreover, weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.
1)A significant decrease in SCFAs-producing bacteria is involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering by perturbing lipid metabolism and endocrine system.
2)Weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.
Lay Summary
Neutering contributes to canine obesity risk. In this study, obesity rate of 60% at 21 mo after neutering was observed. Obese dogs had greater serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin levels and lower adiponectin level than ideal weight dogs. In addition, fecal microbiota analysis found a decreasing microbial diversity in obese dogs, and decreasing SCFAs-producing bacteria Megamonas, Bacteroides, and Prevotella_9 in obese dogs resulted in lower production of fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Importantly, strong negative correlations between SCFAs-producing bacteria and body weight, TG, and HDL-C revealed that SCFAs-producing bacteria are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering. Thus, intervention with SCFAs-producing bacteria may be a target for the prevention or treatment of canine obesity after neutering. Moreover, weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8812</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1525-3163</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3163</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad283</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37632755</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Acetic acid ; Adiponectin ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Body weight ; Cholesterol ; Companion Animal Biology ; Dog Diseases - microbiology ; Dogs ; Endocrine system ; Fatty acids ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Fecal microflora ; Feces ; Feces - microbiology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; High density lipoprotein ; Hormones ; Intestinal microflora ; Leptin ; Lipid metabolism ; Lipids ; Male ; Metabolites ; Microbial activity ; Microbiota ; Microorganisms ; Obesity ; Obesity - metabolism ; Obesity - veterinary ; Prevention ; Reduction ; Risk Factors ; Species diversity ; Triglycerides ; Weight ; Weight control</subject><ispartof>Journal of animal science, 2023-01, Vol.101</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2023</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-3ce1f1da46cafac8cec64e997d14229f6d31491f0cdbbd5ee3a7ec69c78557ce3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5037-8771 ; 0000-0002-0713-1463</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10558198/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10558198/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,1583,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37632755$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Kang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Xinye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jian, Shiyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wen, Jiawei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jian, Xiaoying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Shansong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wen, Chaoyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qi, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Yulong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Baichuan</creatorcontrib><title>Changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering</title><title>Journal of animal science</title><addtitle>J Anim Sci</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Abstract
Neutering is a significant risk factor for obesity in dogs. Changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites have been identified as a key player during obesity progression. However, the mechanisms that promote neuter-associated weight gain are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, sixteen clinically healthy Beagle dogs (6 male and 10 female, mean age = 8.22 ± 0.25 mo old) were neutered. Body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were recorded at 1 d before neutering, 3, 6, 10, 16, and 21 mo after neutering. Dogs were grouped based on their BCS as ideal weight group (IW, n = 4, mean BW = 13.22 ± 1.30 kg, mean BCS = 5.00 ± 0.41) and obese group (OB, n = 12, mean BW = 18.57 ± 1.08 kg, mean BCS = 7.92 ± 0.82) at 21 mo after neutering. Serum lipid profile, glucose, and hormones and fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured. Our results showed that OB dogs had greater (P < 0.0001) BW (18.57 vs. 13.22 kg), BCS (7.92 vs. 5.00), and average daily gain (12.27 vs. 5.69 g/d) than IW dogs at 21 mo after neutering, and the obesity rate was up to 60%. In addition, significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum triglyceride (TG, 1.10 vs. 0.56 mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 6.96 vs. 5.40 mmol/L) levels and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in serum adiponectin (APN, 54.06 vs. 58.39 μg/L) level were observed in OB dogs; serum total cholesterol (4.83 vs. 3.75 mmol/L) (P = 0.075) and leptin (LEP, 2.82 vs. 2.53 μg/L) (P = 0.065) levels tended to be greater in OB dogs; there was a trend towards a lower (P = 0.092) APN/LEP (19.32 vs. 21.81) in OB dogs. Results of fecal microbial alpha-diversity showed that Observed_species and Chao1 indices tended to be lower (P = 0.069) in OB dogs. The STAMP and LEfSe analyses revealed that OB dogs had a greater (P < 0.05 and LDA > 2) reduction in relative abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella_9, and Megamonas than IW dogs. In addition, OB dogs also had greater (P < 0.05) reduction in fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations than IW dogs. Moreover, clear negative correlations (|r| > 0.5 and P < 0.05) were found between SCFAs-producing bacteria and BW, TG, and HDL-C. The functional predictions of microbial communities based on PICRUSt2 analysis revealed that lipid metabolism and endocrine system were significantly disturbed in obese dogs after neutering. Thus, intervention with SCFAs-producing bacteria might represent a new target for the prevention or treatment of canine obesity after neutering. Moreover, weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.
1)A significant decrease in SCFAs-producing bacteria is involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering by perturbing lipid metabolism and endocrine system.
2)Weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.
Lay Summary
Neutering contributes to canine obesity risk. In this study, obesity rate of 60% at 21 mo after neutering was observed. Obese dogs had greater serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin levels and lower adiponectin level than ideal weight dogs. In addition, fecal microbiota analysis found a decreasing microbial diversity in obese dogs, and decreasing SCFAs-producing bacteria Megamonas, Bacteroides, and Prevotella_9 in obese dogs resulted in lower production of fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Importantly, strong negative correlations between SCFAs-producing bacteria and body weight, TG, and HDL-C revealed that SCFAs-producing bacteria are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering. Thus, intervention with SCFAs-producing bacteria may be a target for the prevention or treatment of canine obesity after neutering. Moreover, weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.]]></description><subject>Acetic acid</subject><subject>Adiponectin</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Companion Animal Biology</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Endocrine system</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Volatile</subject><subject>Fecal microflora</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Feces - microbiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</subject><subject>High density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Intestinal microflora</subject><subject>Leptin</subject><subject>Lipid metabolism</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Microbial activity</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - metabolism</subject><subject>Obesity - veterinary</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Species diversity</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>Weight</subject><subject>Weight control</subject><issn>0021-8812</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUuLFDEUhYMoTju6ci8BQQSpmTwq9ViJNOoIA7PRdbiV3OpKW520Saph_r1puh3Uxazu4n7n3Mch5DVnV5z18noL6Tr9BCs6-YSsuBKqkryRT8mKMcGrruPigrxIacsYF6pXz8mFbBspWqVWJK0n8BtM1Hm6WTLdORPD4EIGCt7SNIWYKzNBaY-Q8z0F42yiELEoDmE-oD1K84R0H4PBlGgYqQHvPNIwYHJHzZgxUo9LKc5vXpJnI8wJX53rJfnx5fP39U11e_f12_rTbWVkI3IlDfKRW6gbAyOYzqBpauz71vJaiH5srOR1z0dm7DBYhSihLUhv2k6p1qC8JB9Pvvtl2KE16HOEWe-j20G81wGc_rfj3aQ34aA5U6rjfVcc3p8dYvi1YMp655LBeQaPYUladKoMqxslC_r2P3QblujLfVqyujiKTvSF-nCiypdTijg-bMOZPqapS5r6nGah3_x9wAP7J74CvDsBYdk_6vQbqbmsUw</recordid><startdate>20230103</startdate><enddate>20230103</enddate><creator>Yang, Kang</creator><creator>Lin, Xinye</creator><creator>Jian, Shiyan</creator><creator>Wen, Jiawei</creator><creator>Jian, Xiaoying</creator><creator>He, Shansong</creator><creator>Wen, Chaoyu</creator><creator>Liu, Tingting</creator><creator>Qi, Xin</creator><creator>Yin, Yulong</creator><creator>Deng, Baichuan</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5037-8771</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0713-1463</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230103</creationdate><title>Changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering</title><author>Yang, Kang ; Lin, Xinye ; Jian, Shiyan ; Wen, Jiawei ; Jian, Xiaoying ; He, Shansong ; Wen, Chaoyu ; Liu, Tingting ; Qi, Xin ; Yin, Yulong ; Deng, Baichuan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-3ce1f1da46cafac8cec64e997d14229f6d31491f0cdbbd5ee3a7ec69c78557ce3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Acetic acid</topic><topic>Adiponectin</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Companion Animal Biology</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Endocrine system</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Volatile</topic><topic>Fecal microflora</topic><topic>Feces</topic><topic>Feces - microbiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</topic><topic>High density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Intestinal microflora</topic><topic>Leptin</topic><topic>Lipid metabolism</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Microbial activity</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - metabolism</topic><topic>Obesity - veterinary</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Species diversity</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>Weight</topic><topic>Weight control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Kang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Xinye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jian, Shiyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wen, Jiawei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jian, Xiaoying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Shansong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wen, Chaoyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qi, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Yulong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Baichuan</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Kang</au><au>Lin, Xinye</au><au>Jian, Shiyan</au><au>Wen, Jiawei</au><au>Jian, Xiaoying</au><au>He, Shansong</au><au>Wen, Chaoyu</au><au>Liu, Tingting</au><au>Qi, Xin</au><au>Yin, Yulong</au><au>Deng, Baichuan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering</atitle><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle><addtitle>J Anim Sci</addtitle><date>2023-01-03</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>101</volume><issn>0021-8812</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><eissn>1525-3163</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Abstract
Neutering is a significant risk factor for obesity in dogs. Changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites have been identified as a key player during obesity progression. However, the mechanisms that promote neuter-associated weight gain are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, sixteen clinically healthy Beagle dogs (6 male and 10 female, mean age = 8.22 ± 0.25 mo old) were neutered. Body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were recorded at 1 d before neutering, 3, 6, 10, 16, and 21 mo after neutering. Dogs were grouped based on their BCS as ideal weight group (IW, n = 4, mean BW = 13.22 ± 1.30 kg, mean BCS = 5.00 ± 0.41) and obese group (OB, n = 12, mean BW = 18.57 ± 1.08 kg, mean BCS = 7.92 ± 0.82) at 21 mo after neutering. Serum lipid profile, glucose, and hormones and fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured. Our results showed that OB dogs had greater (P < 0.0001) BW (18.57 vs. 13.22 kg), BCS (7.92 vs. 5.00), and average daily gain (12.27 vs. 5.69 g/d) than IW dogs at 21 mo after neutering, and the obesity rate was up to 60%. In addition, significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum triglyceride (TG, 1.10 vs. 0.56 mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 6.96 vs. 5.40 mmol/L) levels and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in serum adiponectin (APN, 54.06 vs. 58.39 μg/L) level were observed in OB dogs; serum total cholesterol (4.83 vs. 3.75 mmol/L) (P = 0.075) and leptin (LEP, 2.82 vs. 2.53 μg/L) (P = 0.065) levels tended to be greater in OB dogs; there was a trend towards a lower (P = 0.092) APN/LEP (19.32 vs. 21.81) in OB dogs. Results of fecal microbial alpha-diversity showed that Observed_species and Chao1 indices tended to be lower (P = 0.069) in OB dogs. The STAMP and LEfSe analyses revealed that OB dogs had a greater (P < 0.05 and LDA > 2) reduction in relative abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella_9, and Megamonas than IW dogs. In addition, OB dogs also had greater (P < 0.05) reduction in fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations than IW dogs. Moreover, clear negative correlations (|r| > 0.5 and P < 0.05) were found between SCFAs-producing bacteria and BW, TG, and HDL-C. The functional predictions of microbial communities based on PICRUSt2 analysis revealed that lipid metabolism and endocrine system were significantly disturbed in obese dogs after neutering. Thus, intervention with SCFAs-producing bacteria might represent a new target for the prevention or treatment of canine obesity after neutering. Moreover, weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.
1)A significant decrease in SCFAs-producing bacteria is involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering by perturbing lipid metabolism and endocrine system.
2)Weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.
Lay Summary
Neutering contributes to canine obesity risk. In this study, obesity rate of 60% at 21 mo after neutering was observed. Obese dogs had greater serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin levels and lower adiponectin level than ideal weight dogs. In addition, fecal microbiota analysis found a decreasing microbial diversity in obese dogs, and decreasing SCFAs-producing bacteria Megamonas, Bacteroides, and Prevotella_9 in obese dogs resulted in lower production of fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Importantly, strong negative correlations between SCFAs-producing bacteria and body weight, TG, and HDL-C revealed that SCFAs-producing bacteria are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering. Thus, intervention with SCFAs-producing bacteria may be a target for the prevention or treatment of canine obesity after neutering. Moreover, weight control before neutering may also contribute to the prevention of canine obesity after neutering.]]></abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>37632755</pmid><doi>10.1093/jas/skad283</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5037-8771</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0713-1463</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of animal science, 2023-01, Vol.101 |
| issn | 0021-8812 1525-3163 1525-3163 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10558198 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acetic acid Adiponectin Animals Bacteria Body weight Cholesterol Companion Animal Biology Dog Diseases - microbiology Dogs Endocrine system Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Volatile Fecal microflora Feces Feces - microbiology Female Gastrointestinal Microbiome High density lipoprotein Hormones Intestinal microflora Leptin Lipid metabolism Lipids Male Metabolites Microbial activity Microbiota Microorganisms Obesity Obesity - metabolism Obesity - veterinary Prevention Reduction Risk Factors Species diversity Triglycerides Weight Weight control |
| title | Changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids are involved in the process of canine obesity after neutering |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-11T12%3A07%3A59IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Changes%20in%20gut%20microbiota%20and%20short-chain%20fatty%20acids%20are%20involved%20in%20the%20process%20of%20canine%20obesity%20after%20neutering&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20animal%20science&rft.au=Yang,%20Kang&rft.date=2023-01-03&rft.volume=101&rft.issn=0021-8812&rft.eissn=1525-3163&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/jas/skad283&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E3041052829%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3041052829&rft_id=info:pmid/37632755&rft_oup_id=10.1093/jas/skad283&rfr_iscdi=true |