TiO2 Nanotubes Decorated with Mo2C for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting Properties
The presence of Ti3+ in the structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTs) has been shown to enhance the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting performance of these NTs, leading to improved results compared to pristine anatase TiO2 NTs. To further improve the properties related to PEC performance, we s...
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description | The presence of Ti3+ in the structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTs) has been shown to enhance the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting performance of these NTs, leading to improved results compared to pristine anatase TiO2 NTs. To further improve the properties related to PEC performance, we successfully produced TiO2 NTs using a two-step electrochemical anodization technique, followed by annealing at a temperature of 450 °C. Subsequently, Mo2C was decorated onto the NTs by dip coating them with precursors at varying concentrations and times. The presence of anatase TiO2 and Ti3O5 phases within the TiO2 NTs was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TiO2 NTs that were decorated with Mo2C demonstrated a photocurrent density of approximately 1.4 mA cm−2, a value that is approximately five times greater than the photocurrent density exhibited by the bare TiO2 NTs, which was approximately 0.21 mA cm−2. The observed increase in photocurrent density can be ascribed to the incorporation of Mo2C as a cocatalyst, which significantly enhances the photocatalytic characteristics of the TiO2 NTs. The successful deposition of Mo2C onto the TiO2 NTs was further corroborated by the characterization techniques utilized. The utilization of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) allowed for the observation of Mo2C particles on the surface of TiO2 NTs. To validate the composition and optical characteristics of the decorated NTs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV absorbance analysis were performed. This study introduces a potentially effective method for developing efficient photoelectrodes based on TiO2 for environmentally sustainable hydrogen production through the use of photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. The utilization of Mo2C as a cocatalyst on TiO2 NTs presents opportunities for the advancement of effective and environmentally friendly photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems. |
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To further improve the properties related to PEC performance, we successfully produced TiO2 NTs using a two-step electrochemical anodization technique, followed by annealing at a temperature of 450 °C. Subsequently, Mo2C was decorated onto the NTs by dip coating them with precursors at varying concentrations and times. The presence of anatase TiO2 and Ti3O5 phases within the TiO2 NTs was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TiO2 NTs that were decorated with Mo2C demonstrated a photocurrent density of approximately 1.4 mA cm−2, a value that is approximately five times greater than the photocurrent density exhibited by the bare TiO2 NTs, which was approximately 0.21 mA cm−2. The observed increase in photocurrent density can be ascribed to the incorporation of Mo2C as a cocatalyst, which significantly enhances the photocatalytic characteristics of the TiO2 NTs. The successful deposition of Mo2C onto the TiO2 NTs was further corroborated by the characterization techniques utilized. The utilization of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) allowed for the observation of Mo2C particles on the surface of TiO2 NTs. To validate the composition and optical characteristics of the decorated NTs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV absorbance analysis were performed. This study introduces a potentially effective method for developing efficient photoelectrodes based on TiO2 for environmentally sustainable hydrogen production through the use of photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. The utilization of Mo2C as a cocatalyst on TiO2 NTs presents opportunities for the advancement of effective and environmentally friendly photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16186261</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alternative energy sources ; Anatase ; Decoration ; Density ; Electrodes ; Electrolytes ; Ethanol ; Field emission microscopy ; Fossil fuels ; Hydrogen production ; Immersion coating ; Morphology ; Nanotubes ; Optical properties ; Photocatalysis ; Photoelectric effect ; Photoelectric emission ; Photoelectrons ; Spectrum analysis ; System effectiveness ; Titanium dioxide ; Titanium oxides ; Water splitting ; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-09, Vol.16 (18), p.6261</ispartof><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-9a4334bfc1fffaa2e3a71df613609aa808328e8915fe117caeb2513d8fcb4e013</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-9a4334bfc1fffaa2e3a71df613609aa808328e8915fe117caeb2513d8fcb4e013</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0976-1650 ; 0009-0001-7966-7005 ; 0000-0002-7202-6029 ; 0000-0001-7959-8612</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532882/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10532882/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Moridon, Siti Nurul Falaein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arifin, Khuzaimah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minggu, Lorna Jeffery</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohamad Yunus, Rozan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kassim, Mohammad B.</creatorcontrib><title>TiO2 Nanotubes Decorated with Mo2C for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting Properties</title><title>Materials</title><description>The presence of Ti3+ in the structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTs) has been shown to enhance the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting performance of these NTs, leading to improved results compared to pristine anatase TiO2 NTs. To further improve the properties related to PEC performance, we successfully produced TiO2 NTs using a two-step electrochemical anodization technique, followed by annealing at a temperature of 450 °C. Subsequently, Mo2C was decorated onto the NTs by dip coating them with precursors at varying concentrations and times. The presence of anatase TiO2 and Ti3O5 phases within the TiO2 NTs was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TiO2 NTs that were decorated with Mo2C demonstrated a photocurrent density of approximately 1.4 mA cm−2, a value that is approximately five times greater than the photocurrent density exhibited by the bare TiO2 NTs, which was approximately 0.21 mA cm−2. The observed increase in photocurrent density can be ascribed to the incorporation of Mo2C as a cocatalyst, which significantly enhances the photocatalytic characteristics of the TiO2 NTs. The successful deposition of Mo2C onto the TiO2 NTs was further corroborated by the characterization techniques utilized. The utilization of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) allowed for the observation of Mo2C particles on the surface of TiO2 NTs. To validate the composition and optical characteristics of the decorated NTs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV absorbance analysis were performed. This study introduces a potentially effective method for developing efficient photoelectrodes based on TiO2 for environmentally sustainable hydrogen production through the use of photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. The utilization of Mo2C as a cocatalyst on TiO2 NTs presents opportunities for the advancement of effective and environmentally friendly photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems.</description><subject>Alternative energy sources</subject><subject>Anatase</subject><subject>Decoration</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Electrolytes</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Field emission microscopy</subject><subject>Fossil fuels</subject><subject>Hydrogen production</subject><subject>Immersion coating</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Nanotubes</subject><subject>Optical properties</subject><subject>Photocatalysis</subject><subject>Photoelectric effect</subject><subject>Photoelectric emission</subject><subject>Photoelectrons</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>System effectiveness</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Titanium oxides</subject><subject>Water splitting</subject><subject>X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU1r3DAQhk1poWGzl_wCQy-l4EYjab3yqYRt2gbyBd2QoxhrR7GCbW0lOSH_Pgob0iRzmWHmmZf5KIoDYN-FaNjhgFCDqnkNH4o9aJq6gkbKj6_iz8U8xluWTQhQvNkr9Npd8PIcR5-mlmL5k4wPmGhT3rvUlWeer0rrQ3k8djianL7sfPLUk0nBm44GZ7Avr3NHqP5ue5eSG2_Ky-C3FJKjuF98sthHmj_7WXH163i9-lOdXvw-WR2dVkYomaoGpRCytQastYicBC5hY2sQNWsQFVOCK1INLCwBLA1SyxcgNsqaVhIDMSt-7HS3UzvQxtCYAvZ6G9yA4UF7dPptZXSdvvF3GtgiSyueFb4-KwT_b6KY9OCiob7HkfwUNVdLBlIqLjP65R1666cw5v0yVec7L2pYZurbjjLBxxjIvkwDTD89TP9_mHgEj5SJcA</recordid><startdate>20230918</startdate><enddate>20230918</enddate><creator>Moridon, Siti Nurul Falaein</creator><creator>Arifin, Khuzaimah</creator><creator>Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa</creator><creator>Minggu, Lorna Jeffery</creator><creator>Mohamad Yunus, Rozan</creator><creator>Kassim, Mohammad B.</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-1650</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7966-7005</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-6029</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-8612</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230918</creationdate><title>TiO2 Nanotubes Decorated with Mo2C for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting Properties</title><author>Moridon, Siti Nurul Falaein ; 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To further improve the properties related to PEC performance, we successfully produced TiO2 NTs using a two-step electrochemical anodization technique, followed by annealing at a temperature of 450 °C. Subsequently, Mo2C was decorated onto the NTs by dip coating them with precursors at varying concentrations and times. The presence of anatase TiO2 and Ti3O5 phases within the TiO2 NTs was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TiO2 NTs that were decorated with Mo2C demonstrated a photocurrent density of approximately 1.4 mA cm−2, a value that is approximately five times greater than the photocurrent density exhibited by the bare TiO2 NTs, which was approximately 0.21 mA cm−2. The observed increase in photocurrent density can be ascribed to the incorporation of Mo2C as a cocatalyst, which significantly enhances the photocatalytic characteristics of the TiO2 NTs. The successful deposition of Mo2C onto the TiO2 NTs was further corroborated by the characterization techniques utilized. The utilization of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) allowed for the observation of Mo2C particles on the surface of TiO2 NTs. To validate the composition and optical characteristics of the decorated NTs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV absorbance analysis were performed. This study introduces a potentially effective method for developing efficient photoelectrodes based on TiO2 for environmentally sustainable hydrogen production through the use of photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. The utilization of Mo2C as a cocatalyst on TiO2 NTs presents opportunities for the advancement of effective and environmentally friendly photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/ma16186261</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-1650</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7966-7005</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-6029</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-8612</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alternative energy sources Anatase Decoration Density Electrodes Electrolytes Ethanol Field emission microscopy Fossil fuels Hydrogen production Immersion coating Morphology Nanotubes Optical properties Photocatalysis Photoelectric effect Photoelectric emission Photoelectrons Spectrum analysis System effectiveness Titanium dioxide Titanium oxides Water splitting X ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
title | TiO2 Nanotubes Decorated with Mo2C for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting Properties |
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