Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of Mastitis-Causing Staphylococci and Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Raw Sheep's Milk
Dairy products play a crucial role in human nutrition as they provide essential nutrients. However, the presence of diverse microorganisms in these products can pose challenges to food safety and quality. Here, we provide a comprehensive molecular characterization of a diverse collection of lactic a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2023-09, Vol.24 (18), p.13883 |
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| creator | Apostolakos, Ilias Skarlatoudi, Theodora Vatavali, Kornilia Giannouli, Agathi Bosnea, Loulouda Mataragas, Marios |
| description | Dairy products play a crucial role in human nutrition as they provide essential nutrients. However, the presence of diverse microorganisms in these products can pose challenges to food safety and quality. Here, we provide a comprehensive molecular characterization of a diverse collection of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and staphylococci isolated from raw sheep's milk. Whole-genome sequencing, phenotypic characterization, and bioinformatics were employed to gain insight into the genetic composition and functional attributes of these bacteria. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of various genetic elements. Important toxin-related genes in staphylococci that contribute to their pathogenic potential were identified and confirmed using phenotypic assays, while adherence-related genes, which are essential for attachment to host tissues, surfaces in the dairy environment, and the creation of biofilms, were also present. Interestingly, the
isolates belonged to sequence type 5, which largely consists of methicillin-susceptible isolates that have been involved in severe nosocomial infections. Although genes encoding methicillin resistance were not identified, multiple resistance genes (RGs) conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, and fluroquinolones were found. In contrast, LAB had few inherently present RGs and no virulence genes, suggesting their likely safe status as food additives in dairy products. LAB were also richer in bacteriocins and carbohydrate-active enzymes, indicating their potential to suppress pathogens and effectively utilize carbohydrate substrates, respectively. Additionally, mobile genetic elements, present in both LAB and staphylococci, may facilitate the acquisition and dissemination of genetic traits, including RGs, virulence genes, and metabolic factors, with implications for food quality and public health. The molecular and phenotypic characterization presented herein contributes to the effort to mitigate risks and infections (e.g., mastitis) and enhance the safety and quality of milk and products thereof. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms241813883 |
| format | Article |
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isolates belonged to sequence type 5, which largely consists of methicillin-susceptible isolates that have been involved in severe nosocomial infections. Although genes encoding methicillin resistance were not identified, multiple resistance genes (RGs) conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, and fluroquinolones were found. In contrast, LAB had few inherently present RGs and no virulence genes, suggesting their likely safe status as food additives in dairy products. LAB were also richer in bacteriocins and carbohydrate-active enzymes, indicating their potential to suppress pathogens and effectively utilize carbohydrate substrates, respectively. Additionally, mobile genetic elements, present in both LAB and staphylococci, may facilitate the acquisition and dissemination of genetic traits, including RGs, virulence genes, and metabolic factors, with implications for food quality and public health. The molecular and phenotypic characterization presented herein contributes to the effort to mitigate risks and infections (e.g., mastitis) and enhance the safety and quality of milk and products thereof.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813883</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37762186</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acids ; Animals ; Antimicrobial agents ; Bacteria ; Biological products ; Carbohydrates ; Cell division ; Contamination ; Dairy industry ; Dairy products ; Drug resistance ; Drug resistance in microorganisms ; Enzymes ; Female ; Food ; Food additives ; Genes ; Genome, Bacterial ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Genomics - methods ; Gram-positive bacteria ; Health aspects ; Infections ; Lactobacillales - genetics ; Lactobacillales - isolation & purification ; Listeria ; Mastitis ; Mastitis - microbiology ; Metabolism ; Methicillin ; Microorganisms ; Milk ; Milk - microbiology ; Phenotype ; Phylogenetics ; Probiotics ; Public health ; Safety and security measures ; Sheep ; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology ; Staphylococcus - genetics ; Staphylococcus - isolation & purification ; Staphylococcus - pathogenicity ; Staphylococcus aureus - genetics ; Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification ; Staphylococcus aureus - pathogenicity ; Tetracycline ; Tetracyclines ; Transposons ; Virulence ; Virulence (Microbiology) ; Whole Genome Sequencing</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2023-09, Vol.24 (18), p.13883</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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However, the presence of diverse microorganisms in these products can pose challenges to food safety and quality. Here, we provide a comprehensive molecular characterization of a diverse collection of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and staphylococci isolated from raw sheep's milk. Whole-genome sequencing, phenotypic characterization, and bioinformatics were employed to gain insight into the genetic composition and functional attributes of these bacteria. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of various genetic elements. Important toxin-related genes in staphylococci that contribute to their pathogenic potential were identified and confirmed using phenotypic assays, while adherence-related genes, which are essential for attachment to host tissues, surfaces in the dairy environment, and the creation of biofilms, were also present. Interestingly, the
isolates belonged to sequence type 5, which largely consists of methicillin-susceptible isolates that have been involved in severe nosocomial infections. Although genes encoding methicillin resistance were not identified, multiple resistance genes (RGs) conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, and fluroquinolones were found. In contrast, LAB had few inherently present RGs and no virulence genes, suggesting their likely safe status as food additives in dairy products. LAB were also richer in bacteriocins and carbohydrate-active enzymes, indicating their potential to suppress pathogens and effectively utilize carbohydrate substrates, respectively. Additionally, mobile genetic elements, present in both LAB and staphylococci, may facilitate the acquisition and dissemination of genetic traits, including RGs, virulence genes, and metabolic factors, with implications for food quality and public health. The molecular and phenotypic characterization presented herein contributes to the effort to mitigate risks and infections (e.g., mastitis) and enhance the safety and quality of milk and products thereof.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37762186</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms241813883</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1224-6759</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-5318</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-8954</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International journal of molecular sciences, 2023-09, Vol.24 (18), p.13883 |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acids Animals Antimicrobial agents Bacteria Biological products Carbohydrates Cell division Contamination Dairy industry Dairy products Drug resistance Drug resistance in microorganisms Enzymes Female Food Food additives Genes Genome, Bacterial Genomes Genomics Genomics - methods Gram-positive bacteria Health aspects Infections Lactobacillales - genetics Lactobacillales - isolation & purification Listeria Mastitis Mastitis - microbiology Metabolism Methicillin Microorganisms Milk Milk - microbiology Phenotype Phylogenetics Probiotics Public health Safety and security measures Sheep Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology Staphylococcus - genetics Staphylococcus - isolation & purification Staphylococcus - pathogenicity Staphylococcus aureus - genetics Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification Staphylococcus aureus - pathogenicity Tetracycline Tetracyclines Transposons Virulence Virulence (Microbiology) Whole Genome Sequencing |
| title | Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of Mastitis-Causing Staphylococci and Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Raw Sheep's Milk |
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