Effectiveness of successive booster vaccine doses against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality in residents of long-term care facilities in the VIVALDI study

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused severe disease in unvaccinated long-term care facility (LTCF) residents. Initial booster vaccination following primary vaccination is known to provide strong short-term protection, but data are limited on duratio...

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Veröffentlicht in:Age and ageing 2023-08, Vol.52 (8)
Hauptverfasser: Stirrup, Oliver, Shrotri, Madhumita, Adams, Natalie L, Krutikov, Maria, Azmi, Borscha, Monakhov, Igor, Tut, Gokhan, Moss, Paul, Hayward, Andrew, Copas, Andrew, Shallcross, Laura
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container_end_page
container_issue 8
container_start_page
container_title Age and ageing
container_volume 52
creator Stirrup, Oliver
Shrotri, Madhumita
Adams, Natalie L
Krutikov, Maria
Azmi, Borscha
Monakhov, Igor
Tut, Gokhan
Moss, Paul
Hayward, Andrew
Copas, Andrew
Shallcross, Laura
description Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused severe disease in unvaccinated long-term care facility (LTCF) residents. Initial booster vaccination following primary vaccination is known to provide strong short-term protection, but data are limited on duration of protection and the protective effect of further booster vaccinations. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older residents of LTCFs. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting LTCFs for older people in England participating in the VIVALDI study. Methods Residents aged >65 years at participating LTCFs were eligible for inclusion if they had at least one polymerase chain reaction or lateral flow device result within the analysis period 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022. We excluded individuals who had not received at least two vaccine doses before the analysis period. Cox regression was used to estimate relative hazards of SARS-CoV-2 related mortality following 1–3 booster vaccinations compared with primary vaccination, stratified by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and adjusting for age, sex and LTCF size (total beds). Results A total of 13,407 residents were included. Our results indicate that third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality relative to primary vaccination, with consistent stabilisation beyond 112 days to 45–75% reduction in risk relative to primary vaccination. Conclusions Successive booster vaccination doses provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older LTCF residents. However, we did not find evidence of a longer-term reduction in risk beyond that provided by initial booster vaccination.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/ageing/afad141
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Initial booster vaccination following primary vaccination is known to provide strong short-term protection, but data are limited on duration of protection and the protective effect of further booster vaccinations. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older residents of LTCFs. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting LTCFs for older people in England participating in the VIVALDI study. Methods Residents aged &gt;65 years at participating LTCFs were eligible for inclusion if they had at least one polymerase chain reaction or lateral flow device result within the analysis period 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022. We excluded individuals who had not received at least two vaccine doses before the analysis period. Cox regression was used to estimate relative hazards of SARS-CoV-2 related mortality following 1–3 booster vaccinations compared with primary vaccination, stratified by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and adjusting for age, sex and LTCF size (total beds). Results A total of 13,407 residents were included. Our results indicate that third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality relative to primary vaccination, with consistent stabilisation beyond 112 days to 45–75% reduction in risk relative to primary vaccination. Conclusions Successive booster vaccination doses provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older LTCF residents. However, we did not find evidence of a longer-term reduction in risk beyond that provided by initial booster vaccination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-0729</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2834</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad141</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37595069</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Aged ; Chemical analysis ; Cohort analysis ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 - mortality ; COVID-19 - prevention &amp; control ; COVID-19 Vaccines - administration &amp; dosage ; Dosage ; England - epidemiology ; Humans ; Immunization ; Long term health care ; Long term hospitals ; Long-Term Care ; Mortality ; Older people ; Prospective Studies ; Residential care ; Risk reduction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Short Report ; Short term ; Skilled Nursing Facilities ; Vaccine Efficacy ; Vaccines</subject><ispartof>Age and ageing, 2023-08, Vol.52 (8)</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. 2023</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-26bc8e559fc08e5b7b952e80cf7deb15de048815e5da9c00eb31e61dc9a070673</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-26bc8e559fc08e5b7b952e80cf7deb15de048815e5da9c00eb31e61dc9a070673</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8705-3281 ; 0000-0002-3982-642X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1584,27924,27925,30999</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37595069$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stirrup, Oliver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shrotri, Madhumita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adams, Natalie L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krutikov, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azmi, Borscha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Monakhov, Igor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tut, Gokhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moss, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hayward, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copas, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shallcross, Laura</creatorcontrib><title>Effectiveness of successive booster vaccine doses against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality in residents of long-term care facilities in the VIVALDI study</title><title>Age and ageing</title><addtitle>Age Ageing</addtitle><description>Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused severe disease in unvaccinated long-term care facility (LTCF) residents. Initial booster vaccination following primary vaccination is known to provide strong short-term protection, but data are limited on duration of protection and the protective effect of further booster vaccinations. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older residents of LTCFs. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting LTCFs for older people in England participating in the VIVALDI study. Methods Residents aged &gt;65 years at participating LTCFs were eligible for inclusion if they had at least one polymerase chain reaction or lateral flow device result within the analysis period 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022. We excluded individuals who had not received at least two vaccine doses before the analysis period. Cox regression was used to estimate relative hazards of SARS-CoV-2 related mortality following 1–3 booster vaccinations compared with primary vaccination, stratified by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and adjusting for age, sex and LTCF size (total beds). Results A total of 13,407 residents were included. Our results indicate that third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality relative to primary vaccination, with consistent stabilisation beyond 112 days to 45–75% reduction in risk relative to primary vaccination. Conclusions Successive booster vaccination doses provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older LTCF residents. 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Initial booster vaccination following primary vaccination is known to provide strong short-term protection, but data are limited on duration of protection and the protective effect of further booster vaccinations. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older residents of LTCFs. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting LTCFs for older people in England participating in the VIVALDI study. Methods Residents aged &gt;65 years at participating LTCFs were eligible for inclusion if they had at least one polymerase chain reaction or lateral flow device result within the analysis period 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022. We excluded individuals who had not received at least two vaccine doses before the analysis period. Cox regression was used to estimate relative hazards of SARS-CoV-2 related mortality following 1–3 booster vaccinations compared with primary vaccination, stratified by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and adjusting for age, sex and LTCF size (total beds). Results A total of 13,407 residents were included. Our results indicate that third, fourth and fifth dose booster vaccination provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality relative to primary vaccination, with consistent stabilisation beyond 112 days to 45–75% reduction in risk relative to primary vaccination. Conclusions Successive booster vaccination doses provide additional short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality amongst older LTCF residents. However, we did not find evidence of a longer-term reduction in risk beyond that provided by initial booster vaccination.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>37595069</pmid><doi>10.1093/ageing/afad141</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8705-3281</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3982-642X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Aged
Chemical analysis
Cohort analysis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19 - mortality
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines - administration & dosage
Dosage
England - epidemiology
Humans
Immunization
Long term health care
Long term hospitals
Long-Term Care
Mortality
Older people
Prospective Studies
Residential care
Risk reduction
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Short Report
Short term
Skilled Nursing Facilities
Vaccine Efficacy
Vaccines
title Effectiveness of successive booster vaccine doses against SARS-CoV-2 related mortality in residents of long-term care facilities in the VIVALDI study
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