Experimental and Numerical Study of Al2219 Powders Deposition on Al2219-T6 Substrate by Cold Spray: Effects of Spray Angle, Traverse Speed, and Standoff Distance
Cold spray (CS) is an emerging technology for repairing and 3D additive manufacturing of a variety of metallic components using deformable metal powders. In CS deposition, gas type, gas pressure, gas temperature, and powder feed rate are the four key process parameters that have been intensively stu...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2023-07, Vol.16 (15), p.5240 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 15 |
| container_start_page | 5240 |
| container_title | Materials |
| container_volume | 16 |
| creator | Zhang, Zheng Meng, Tzee Luai Lee, Coryl Jing Jun Wei, Fengxia Ba, Te Zhang, Zhi-Qian Pan, Jisheng |
| description | Cold spray (CS) is an emerging technology for repairing and 3D additive manufacturing of a variety of metallic components using deformable metal powders. In CS deposition, gas type, gas pressure, gas temperature, and powder feed rate are the four key process parameters that have been intensively studied. Spray angle, spray gun traverse speed, and standoff distance (SoD) are the other three process parameters that have been less investigated but are also important, especially when depositing on uneven substrates or building up 3D freeform structures. Herein, the effects of spray angle, traverse speed, and SoD during CS deposition have been investigated holistically on a single material system (i.e., Al2219 powders on Al2219-T6 substrate). The coatings' mass gain, thickness, porosity, and residual stress have been characterized, and the results show that spray angle and traverse speed exercise much more effects than SoD in determining coatings' buildup. Finite element method (FEM) modeling and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation have been carried out to understand the effects of these three parameters for implementing CS as repairing and additive manufacturing using aluminum-based alloy powders. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma16155240 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10419605</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A760516386</galeid><sourcerecordid>A760516386</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-63c69bb09d241a422ce44685f5d0330bff8857568deede60e1a9c0e7c702eff43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdUttu1DAQjRCIVqUvfACyxAtCTbFjx4l5QavtcpEqQNrl2XKc8eIqiVM7Kezn9E877ZZSsC1fzpw54xlNlr1k9JRzRd_1hklWloWgT7JDppTMmRLi6aP7QXac0gXFwTmrC_U8O-BVKZUS5WF2vfo9QvQ9DJPpiBla8nXuEbD4Wk9zuyPBkUVXFEyR7-FXCzGRMxhD8pMPA8G1N-YbSdZzk6ZoJiDNjixD15L1GM3uPVk5B3ZKt1J3CFkM2w5OyCaaKxQERAHak7vw6wn34Bw58wmvFl5kz5zpEhzfn0fZj4-rzfJzfv7t05fl4jy3Qsgpl9xK1TRUtYVgRhSFBcTr0pUt5k0b5-q6xLTrFkOBpMCMshQqW9ECnBP8KPuw1x3npofWYkWi6fSIxTFxp4Px-l_L4H_qbbjSjAqmJC1R4c29QgyXM6RJ9z5Z6DozQJiTLuqSclZxViD19X_UizDHAfNDllCUy5oyZJ3uWVvTgfaDCxjY4myh9zYM4DziiwqDM8lriQ5v9w42hpQiuIfvM6pv20X_bRckv3qc8AP1T3PwG3iauaI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2849036801</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Experimental and Numerical Study of Al2219 Powders Deposition on Al2219-T6 Substrate by Cold Spray: Effects of Spray Angle, Traverse Speed, and Standoff Distance</title><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Zhang, Zheng ; Meng, Tzee Luai ; Lee, Coryl Jing Jun ; Wei, Fengxia ; Ba, Te ; Zhang, Zhi-Qian ; Pan, Jisheng</creator><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zheng ; Meng, Tzee Luai ; Lee, Coryl Jing Jun ; Wei, Fengxia ; Ba, Te ; Zhang, Zhi-Qian ; Pan, Jisheng</creatorcontrib><description>Cold spray (CS) is an emerging technology for repairing and 3D additive manufacturing of a variety of metallic components using deformable metal powders. In CS deposition, gas type, gas pressure, gas temperature, and powder feed rate are the four key process parameters that have been intensively studied. Spray angle, spray gun traverse speed, and standoff distance (SoD) are the other three process parameters that have been less investigated but are also important, especially when depositing on uneven substrates or building up 3D freeform structures. Herein, the effects of spray angle, traverse speed, and SoD during CS deposition have been investigated holistically on a single material system (i.e., Al2219 powders on Al2219-T6 substrate). The coatings' mass gain, thickness, porosity, and residual stress have been characterized, and the results show that spray angle and traverse speed exercise much more effects than SoD in determining coatings' buildup. Finite element method (FEM) modeling and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation have been carried out to understand the effects of these three parameters for implementing CS as repairing and additive manufacturing using aluminum-based alloy powders.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16155240</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37569945</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alloy powders ; Alloys ; Aluminum ; Aluminum base alloys ; Analysis ; Coatings ; Cold ; Deposition ; Efficiency ; Feed rate ; Finite element method ; Fluid dynamics ; Formability ; Gas flow ; Gas pressure ; Gas temperature ; Hard surfacing ; Influence ; Investigations ; Manufacturing ; Mathematical models ; Metal powder products ; Metal powders ; New technology ; Porosity ; Process parameters ; Residual stress ; Software ; Spray guns ; Stainless steel ; Substrates ; Technology application ; Velocity</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-07, Vol.16 (15), p.5240</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-63c69bb09d241a422ce44685f5d0330bff8857568deede60e1a9c0e7c702eff43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-63c69bb09d241a422ce44685f5d0330bff8857568deede60e1a9c0e7c702eff43</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3127-8710 ; 0000-0002-3677-5524</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10419605/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10419605/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,53770,53772</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37569945$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meng, Tzee Luai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Coryl Jing Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Fengxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ba, Te</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhi-Qian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pan, Jisheng</creatorcontrib><title>Experimental and Numerical Study of Al2219 Powders Deposition on Al2219-T6 Substrate by Cold Spray: Effects of Spray Angle, Traverse Speed, and Standoff Distance</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>Cold spray (CS) is an emerging technology for repairing and 3D additive manufacturing of a variety of metallic components using deformable metal powders. In CS deposition, gas type, gas pressure, gas temperature, and powder feed rate are the four key process parameters that have been intensively studied. Spray angle, spray gun traverse speed, and standoff distance (SoD) are the other three process parameters that have been less investigated but are also important, especially when depositing on uneven substrates or building up 3D freeform structures. Herein, the effects of spray angle, traverse speed, and SoD during CS deposition have been investigated holistically on a single material system (i.e., Al2219 powders on Al2219-T6 substrate). The coatings' mass gain, thickness, porosity, and residual stress have been characterized, and the results show that spray angle and traverse speed exercise much more effects than SoD in determining coatings' buildup. Finite element method (FEM) modeling and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation have been carried out to understand the effects of these three parameters for implementing CS as repairing and additive manufacturing using aluminum-based alloy powders.</description><subject>Alloy powders</subject><subject>Alloys</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Aluminum base alloys</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Coatings</subject><subject>Cold</subject><subject>Deposition</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Feed rate</subject><subject>Finite element method</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Formability</subject><subject>Gas flow</subject><subject>Gas pressure</subject><subject>Gas temperature</subject><subject>Hard surfacing</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Manufacturing</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Metal powder products</subject><subject>Metal powders</subject><subject>New technology</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Process parameters</subject><subject>Residual stress</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Spray guns</subject><subject>Stainless steel</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Technology application</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdUttu1DAQjRCIVqUvfACyxAtCTbFjx4l5QavtcpEqQNrl2XKc8eIqiVM7Kezn9E877ZZSsC1fzpw54xlNlr1k9JRzRd_1hklWloWgT7JDppTMmRLi6aP7QXac0gXFwTmrC_U8O-BVKZUS5WF2vfo9QvQ9DJPpiBla8nXuEbD4Wk9zuyPBkUVXFEyR7-FXCzGRMxhD8pMPA8G1N-YbSdZzk6ZoJiDNjixD15L1GM3uPVk5B3ZKt1J3CFkM2w5OyCaaKxQERAHak7vw6wn34Bw58wmvFl5kz5zpEhzfn0fZj4-rzfJzfv7t05fl4jy3Qsgpl9xK1TRUtYVgRhSFBcTr0pUt5k0b5-q6xLTrFkOBpMCMshQqW9ECnBP8KPuw1x3npofWYkWi6fSIxTFxp4Px-l_L4H_qbbjSjAqmJC1R4c29QgyXM6RJ9z5Z6DozQJiTLuqSclZxViD19X_UizDHAfNDllCUy5oyZJ3uWVvTgfaDCxjY4myh9zYM4DziiwqDM8lriQ5v9w42hpQiuIfvM6pv20X_bRckv3qc8AP1T3PwG3iauaI</recordid><startdate>20230726</startdate><enddate>20230726</enddate><creator>Zhang, Zheng</creator><creator>Meng, Tzee Luai</creator><creator>Lee, Coryl Jing Jun</creator><creator>Wei, Fengxia</creator><creator>Ba, Te</creator><creator>Zhang, Zhi-Qian</creator><creator>Pan, Jisheng</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3127-8710</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-5524</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230726</creationdate><title>Experimental and Numerical Study of Al2219 Powders Deposition on Al2219-T6 Substrate by Cold Spray: Effects of Spray Angle, Traverse Speed, and Standoff Distance</title><author>Zhang, Zheng ; Meng, Tzee Luai ; Lee, Coryl Jing Jun ; Wei, Fengxia ; Ba, Te ; Zhang, Zhi-Qian ; Pan, Jisheng</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-63c69bb09d241a422ce44685f5d0330bff8857568deede60e1a9c0e7c702eff43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Alloy powders</topic><topic>Alloys</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Aluminum base alloys</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Coatings</topic><topic>Cold</topic><topic>Deposition</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Feed rate</topic><topic>Finite element method</topic><topic>Fluid dynamics</topic><topic>Formability</topic><topic>Gas flow</topic><topic>Gas pressure</topic><topic>Gas temperature</topic><topic>Hard surfacing</topic><topic>Influence</topic><topic>Investigations</topic><topic>Manufacturing</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Metal powder products</topic><topic>Metal powders</topic><topic>New technology</topic><topic>Porosity</topic><topic>Process parameters</topic><topic>Residual stress</topic><topic>Software</topic><topic>Spray guns</topic><topic>Stainless steel</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Technology application</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meng, Tzee Luai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Coryl Jing Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Fengxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ba, Te</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhi-Qian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pan, Jisheng</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Zheng</au><au>Meng, Tzee Luai</au><au>Lee, Coryl Jing Jun</au><au>Wei, Fengxia</au><au>Ba, Te</au><au>Zhang, Zhi-Qian</au><au>Pan, Jisheng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Experimental and Numerical Study of Al2219 Powders Deposition on Al2219-T6 Substrate by Cold Spray: Effects of Spray Angle, Traverse Speed, and Standoff Distance</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-07-26</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>15</issue><spage>5240</spage><pages>5240-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>Cold spray (CS) is an emerging technology for repairing and 3D additive manufacturing of a variety of metallic components using deformable metal powders. In CS deposition, gas type, gas pressure, gas temperature, and powder feed rate are the four key process parameters that have been intensively studied. Spray angle, spray gun traverse speed, and standoff distance (SoD) are the other three process parameters that have been less investigated but are also important, especially when depositing on uneven substrates or building up 3D freeform structures. Herein, the effects of spray angle, traverse speed, and SoD during CS deposition have been investigated holistically on a single material system (i.e., Al2219 powders on Al2219-T6 substrate). The coatings' mass gain, thickness, porosity, and residual stress have been characterized, and the results show that spray angle and traverse speed exercise much more effects than SoD in determining coatings' buildup. Finite element method (FEM) modeling and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation have been carried out to understand the effects of these three parameters for implementing CS as repairing and additive manufacturing using aluminum-based alloy powders.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37569945</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma16155240</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3127-8710</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-5524</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1996-1944 |
| ispartof | Materials, 2023-07, Vol.16 (15), p.5240 |
| issn | 1996-1944 1996-1944 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10419605 |
| source | PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Alloy powders Alloys Aluminum Aluminum base alloys Analysis Coatings Cold Deposition Efficiency Feed rate Finite element method Fluid dynamics Formability Gas flow Gas pressure Gas temperature Hard surfacing Influence Investigations Manufacturing Mathematical models Metal powder products Metal powders New technology Porosity Process parameters Residual stress Software Spray guns Stainless steel Substrates Technology application Velocity |
| title | Experimental and Numerical Study of Al2219 Powders Deposition on Al2219-T6 Substrate by Cold Spray: Effects of Spray Angle, Traverse Speed, and Standoff Distance |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-22T00%3A20%3A13IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Experimental%20and%20Numerical%20Study%20of%20Al2219%20Powders%20Deposition%20on%20Al2219-T6%20Substrate%20by%20Cold%20Spray:%20Effects%20of%20Spray%20Angle,%20Traverse%20Speed,%20and%20Standoff%20Distance&rft.jtitle=Materials&rft.au=Zhang,%20Zheng&rft.date=2023-07-26&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=5240&rft.pages=5240-&rft.issn=1996-1944&rft.eissn=1996-1944&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/ma16155240&rft_dat=%3Cgale_pubme%3EA760516386%3C/gale_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2849036801&rft_id=info:pmid/37569945&rft_galeid=A760516386&rfr_iscdi=true |