Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE)
During multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment different modes of action such as lateral (interferon beta to glatiramer acetate or glatiramer acetate to interferon beta) or vertical (interferon beta/glatiramer acetate to fingolimod) drug switch can be performed. This study aims to investigate the clinical...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Turkish journal of medical sciences 2023-01, Vol.53 (1), p.323-332 |
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creator | Tuncer, Meryem Aslı Kürtüncü, Murat Terzi, Murat Uygunoğlu, Uğur Göncüoğlu, Cansu Yüceyar, Ayşe Nur Ekmekçi, Özgül Türkoğlu, Recai Soysal, Aysun Köseoğlu, Mesrure Boz, Cavit Beckmann, Yeşim Turan, Ömer Faruk Demirkıran, Duruhan Meltem Akman, Firdevs Gülşen Altunrende, Burcu Cantürk, İlknur Aydın Birday, Erkingül Özcan, Abdulcemal Kamişli, Özden Özen, Nazire Pinar Acar Çelik, Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik Balcı, Fatma Belgin Efendi, Hüsnü Sarıkaya, Cansu Akçalı, Aylin Toprak, Münire Kılınç Kabay, Sibel Canbaz Kızılay, Ferah Sevim, Mustafa Serhan Gazaloğlu, Gülcan Baran Demir, Caner Feyzi Balgetir, Ferhat Kıylıoğlu, Nefati Sarıahmetoğlu, Hande Ölmez, Çağcan Mavi, Kamil Yüksel, Süha Işık, Nihal Saip, Sabahattin Karabudak, Rana Siva, Aksel Eraksoy, Mefküre |
description | During multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment different modes of action such as lateral (interferon beta to glatiramer acetate or glatiramer acetate to interferon beta) or vertical (interferon beta/glatiramer acetate to fingolimod) drug switch can be performed. This study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of switching from the first-line injectable disease modifying treatments (iDMTs) to fingolimod (FNG) compared to switching between first-line iDMTs.
This is a multicenter, observational and retrospective study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had lateral and vertical switch. The observation period included three key assessment time points (before the switch, at switch, and after the switch). Data were collected from the MS patients' database by neurologists between January 2018 and June 2019. The longest follow-up period of the patients was determined as 24 months after the switch.
In 462 MS patients that were included in the study, both treatments significantly decreased the number of relapses during the postswitch 12 months versus preswitch one year while patients in the FNG group experienced significantly fewer relapses compared to iDMT cohort in the postswitch 12 months period. FNG cohort experienced fewer relapses than in the iDMT cohort within the postswitch 2 year. The mean time to first relapse after the switch was significantly longer in the FNG group.
The present study revealed superior effectiveness of vertical switch over lateral switch regarding the improvement in relapse outcomes. Patients in the FNG cohort experienced sustainably fewer relapses during the follow-up period after the switch compared the iDMT cohort. Importantly, switching to FNG was more effective in delaying time to first relapse when compared with iDMTs. |
doi_str_mv | 10.55730/1300-0144.5588 |
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This is a multicenter, observational and retrospective study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had lateral and vertical switch. The observation period included three key assessment time points (before the switch, at switch, and after the switch). Data were collected from the MS patients' database by neurologists between January 2018 and June 2019. The longest follow-up period of the patients was determined as 24 months after the switch.
In 462 MS patients that were included in the study, both treatments significantly decreased the number of relapses during the postswitch 12 months versus preswitch one year while patients in the FNG group experienced significantly fewer relapses compared to iDMT cohort in the postswitch 12 months period. FNG cohort experienced fewer relapses than in the iDMT cohort within the postswitch 2 year. The mean time to first relapse after the switch was significantly longer in the FNG group.
The present study revealed superior effectiveness of vertical switch over lateral switch regarding the improvement in relapse outcomes. Patients in the FNG cohort experienced sustainably fewer relapses during the follow-up period after the switch compared the iDMT cohort. Importantly, switching to FNG was more effective in delaying time to first relapse when compared with iDMTs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1300-0144</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1303-6165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1300-0144</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5588</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36945929</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Turkey: Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)</publisher><subject>Fingolimod Hydrochloride - therapeutic use ; Glatiramer Acetate - therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use ; Interferon-beta - therapeutic use ; Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Turkey</subject><ispartof>Turkish journal of medical sciences, 2023-01, Vol.53 (1), p.323-332</ispartof><rights>TÜBİTAK 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10388089/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10388089/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36945929$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tuncer, Meryem Aslı</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kürtüncü, Murat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Terzi, Murat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uygunoğlu, Uğur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Göncüoğlu, Cansu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yüceyar, Ayşe Nur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ekmekçi, Özgül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Türkoğlu, Recai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soysal, Aysun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Köseoğlu, Mesrure</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boz, Cavit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beckmann, Yeşim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turan, Ömer Faruk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demirkıran, Duruhan Meltem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akman, Firdevs Gülşen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Altunrende, Burcu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cantürk, İlknur Aydın</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birday, Erkingül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özcan, Abdulcemal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamişli, Özden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özen, Nazire Pinar Acar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çelik, Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balcı, Fatma Belgin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Efendi, Hüsnü</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarıkaya, Cansu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akçalı, Aylin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toprak, Münire Kılınç</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabay, Sibel Canbaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kızılay, Ferah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sevim, Mustafa Serhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gazaloğlu, Gülcan Baran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demir, Caner Feyzi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balgetir, Ferhat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kıylıoğlu, Nefati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarıahmetoğlu, Hande</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ölmez, Çağcan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mavi, Kamil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yüksel, Süha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Işık, Nihal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saip, Sabahattin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karabudak, Rana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siva, Aksel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eraksoy, Mefküre</creatorcontrib><title>Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE)</title><title>Turkish journal of medical sciences</title><addtitle>Turk J Med Sci</addtitle><description>During multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment different modes of action such as lateral (interferon beta to glatiramer acetate or glatiramer acetate to interferon beta) or vertical (interferon beta/glatiramer acetate to fingolimod) drug switch can be performed. This study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of switching from the first-line injectable disease modifying treatments (iDMTs) to fingolimod (FNG) compared to switching between first-line iDMTs.
This is a multicenter, observational and retrospective study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had lateral and vertical switch. The observation period included three key assessment time points (before the switch, at switch, and after the switch). Data were collected from the MS patients' database by neurologists between January 2018 and June 2019. The longest follow-up period of the patients was determined as 24 months after the switch.
In 462 MS patients that were included in the study, both treatments significantly decreased the number of relapses during the postswitch 12 months versus preswitch one year while patients in the FNG group experienced significantly fewer relapses compared to iDMT cohort in the postswitch 12 months period. FNG cohort experienced fewer relapses than in the iDMT cohort within the postswitch 2 year. The mean time to first relapse after the switch was significantly longer in the FNG group.
The present study revealed superior effectiveness of vertical switch over lateral switch regarding the improvement in relapse outcomes. Patients in the FNG cohort experienced sustainably fewer relapses during the follow-up period after the switch compared the iDMT cohort. Importantly, switching to FNG was more effective in delaying time to first relapse when compared with iDMTs.</description><subject>Fingolimod Hydrochloride - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Glatiramer Acetate - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Interferon-beta - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy</subject><subject>Recurrence</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Turkey</subject><issn>1300-0144</issn><issn>1303-6165</issn><issn>1300-0144</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkM1LAzEQxYMotlbP3iRHPayd3exHchIprRaKQqlHCelmUqPb3bLZFvrfm-1q0VMm7828GX6EXIdwnyQZg2HIAAII49j_OT8hfS-wIA3T5PRQd2aPXDj3CRCxOBHnpMdS4YtI9Mn7HJu6chvMG7tDqkpV7J11tDIUjenUEt1BMLZcVYVdV5raktaoClpYg9Rh03irFRfb-gv39HY-nkxfxneX5MyowuHVzzsgb5PxYvQczF6fpqPHWZCzmDdBCJlQeabBQBYLzVAbzXkWcc1SpiMQSwWg_T1poo1QGQqVqpiZFFGnyxzYgDx0uZvtco06x7KpVSE3tV2rei8rZeV_p7QfclXtZAiMc-DCJwy7hNzTcDWa43AI8oBatjRlS1O2qP3Ezd-dx_5ftuwb9qd7vQ</recordid><startdate>20230101</startdate><enddate>20230101</enddate><creator>Tuncer, Meryem Aslı</creator><creator>Kürtüncü, Murat</creator><creator>Terzi, Murat</creator><creator>Uygunoğlu, Uğur</creator><creator>Göncüoğlu, Cansu</creator><creator>Yüceyar, Ayşe Nur</creator><creator>Ekmekçi, Özgül</creator><creator>Türkoğlu, Recai</creator><creator>Soysal, Aysun</creator><creator>Köseoğlu, Mesrure</creator><creator>Boz, Cavit</creator><creator>Beckmann, Yeşim</creator><creator>Turan, Ömer Faruk</creator><creator>Demirkıran, Duruhan Meltem</creator><creator>Akman, Firdevs Gülşen</creator><creator>Altunrende, Burcu</creator><creator>Cantürk, İlknur Aydın</creator><creator>Birday, Erkingül</creator><creator>Özcan, Abdulcemal</creator><creator>Kamişli, Özden</creator><creator>Özen, Nazire Pinar Acar</creator><creator>Çelik, Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik</creator><creator>Balcı, Fatma Belgin</creator><creator>Efendi, Hüsnü</creator><creator>Sarıkaya, Cansu</creator><creator>Akçalı, Aylin</creator><creator>Toprak, Münire Kılınç</creator><creator>Kabay, Sibel Canbaz</creator><creator>Kızılay, Ferah</creator><creator>Sevim, Mustafa Serhan</creator><creator>Gazaloğlu, Gülcan Baran</creator><creator>Demir, Caner Feyzi</creator><creator>Balgetir, Ferhat</creator><creator>Kıylıoğlu, Nefati</creator><creator>Sarıahmetoğlu, Hande</creator><creator>Ölmez, Çağcan</creator><creator>Mavi, Kamil</creator><creator>Yüksel, Süha</creator><creator>Işık, Nihal</creator><creator>Saip, Sabahattin</creator><creator>Karabudak, Rana</creator><creator>Siva, Aksel</creator><creator>Eraksoy, Mefküre</creator><general>Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230101</creationdate><title>Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE)</title><author>Tuncer, Meryem Aslı ; Kürtüncü, Murat ; Terzi, Murat ; Uygunoğlu, Uğur ; Göncüoğlu, Cansu ; Yüceyar, Ayşe Nur ; Ekmekçi, Özgül ; Türkoğlu, Recai ; Soysal, Aysun ; Köseoğlu, Mesrure ; Boz, Cavit ; Beckmann, Yeşim ; Turan, Ömer Faruk ; Demirkıran, Duruhan Meltem ; Akman, Firdevs Gülşen ; Altunrende, Burcu ; Cantürk, İlknur Aydın ; Birday, Erkingül ; Özcan, Abdulcemal ; Kamişli, Özden ; Özen, Nazire Pinar Acar ; Çelik, Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik ; Balcı, Fatma Belgin ; Efendi, Hüsnü ; Sarıkaya, Cansu ; Akçalı, Aylin ; Toprak, Münire Kılınç ; Kabay, Sibel Canbaz ; Kızılay, Ferah ; Sevim, Mustafa Serhan ; Gazaloğlu, Gülcan Baran ; Demir, Caner Feyzi ; Balgetir, Ferhat ; Kıylıoğlu, Nefati ; Sarıahmetoğlu, Hande ; Ölmez, Çağcan ; Mavi, Kamil ; Yüksel, Süha ; Işık, Nihal ; Saip, Sabahattin ; Karabudak, Rana ; Siva, Aksel ; Eraksoy, Mefküre</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c348t-1079ac7d0f0749d3edfd88728d363d209ba00deff65df9a7e9a6a43f6eed6bc03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Fingolimod Hydrochloride - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Glatiramer Acetate - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Interferon-beta - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy</topic><topic>Recurrence</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Turkey</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tuncer, Meryem Aslı</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kürtüncü, Murat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Terzi, Murat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uygunoğlu, Uğur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Göncüoğlu, Cansu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yüceyar, Ayşe Nur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ekmekçi, Özgül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Türkoğlu, Recai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soysal, Aysun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Köseoğlu, Mesrure</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boz, Cavit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beckmann, Yeşim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turan, Ömer Faruk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demirkıran, Duruhan Meltem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akman, Firdevs Gülşen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Altunrende, Burcu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cantürk, İlknur Aydın</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birday, Erkingül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özcan, Abdulcemal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamişli, Özden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özen, Nazire Pinar Acar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çelik, Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balcı, Fatma Belgin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Efendi, Hüsnü</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarıkaya, Cansu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akçalı, Aylin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toprak, Münire Kılınç</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabay, Sibel Canbaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kızılay, Ferah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sevim, Mustafa Serhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gazaloğlu, Gülcan Baran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demir, Caner Feyzi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balgetir, Ferhat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kıylıoğlu, Nefati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarıahmetoğlu, Hande</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ölmez, Çağcan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mavi, Kamil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yüksel, Süha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Işık, Nihal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saip, Sabahattin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karabudak, Rana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siva, Aksel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eraksoy, Mefküre</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Turkish journal of medical sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tuncer, Meryem Aslı</au><au>Kürtüncü, Murat</au><au>Terzi, Murat</au><au>Uygunoğlu, Uğur</au><au>Göncüoğlu, Cansu</au><au>Yüceyar, Ayşe Nur</au><au>Ekmekçi, Özgül</au><au>Türkoğlu, Recai</au><au>Soysal, Aysun</au><au>Köseoğlu, Mesrure</au><au>Boz, Cavit</au><au>Beckmann, Yeşim</au><au>Turan, Ömer Faruk</au><au>Demirkıran, Duruhan Meltem</au><au>Akman, Firdevs Gülşen</au><au>Altunrende, Burcu</au><au>Cantürk, İlknur Aydın</au><au>Birday, Erkingül</au><au>Özcan, Abdulcemal</au><au>Kamişli, Özden</au><au>Özen, Nazire Pinar Acar</au><au>Çelik, Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik</au><au>Balcı, Fatma Belgin</au><au>Efendi, Hüsnü</au><au>Sarıkaya, Cansu</au><au>Akçalı, Aylin</au><au>Toprak, Münire Kılınç</au><au>Kabay, Sibel Canbaz</au><au>Kızılay, Ferah</au><au>Sevim, Mustafa Serhan</au><au>Gazaloğlu, Gülcan Baran</au><au>Demir, Caner Feyzi</au><au>Balgetir, Ferhat</au><au>Kıylıoğlu, Nefati</au><au>Sarıahmetoğlu, Hande</au><au>Ölmez, Çağcan</au><au>Mavi, Kamil</au><au>Yüksel, Süha</au><au>Işık, Nihal</au><au>Saip, Sabahattin</au><au>Karabudak, Rana</au><au>Siva, Aksel</au><au>Eraksoy, Mefküre</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE)</atitle><jtitle>Turkish journal of medical sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Turk J Med Sci</addtitle><date>2023-01-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>323</spage><epage>332</epage><pages>323-332</pages><issn>1300-0144</issn><eissn>1303-6165</eissn><eissn>1300-0144</eissn><abstract>During multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment different modes of action such as lateral (interferon beta to glatiramer acetate or glatiramer acetate to interferon beta) or vertical (interferon beta/glatiramer acetate to fingolimod) drug switch can be performed. This study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of switching from the first-line injectable disease modifying treatments (iDMTs) to fingolimod (FNG) compared to switching between first-line iDMTs.
This is a multicenter, observational and retrospective study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had lateral and vertical switch. The observation period included three key assessment time points (before the switch, at switch, and after the switch). Data were collected from the MS patients' database by neurologists between January 2018 and June 2019. The longest follow-up period of the patients was determined as 24 months after the switch.
In 462 MS patients that were included in the study, both treatments significantly decreased the number of relapses during the postswitch 12 months versus preswitch one year while patients in the FNG group experienced significantly fewer relapses compared to iDMT cohort in the postswitch 12 months period. FNG cohort experienced fewer relapses than in the iDMT cohort within the postswitch 2 year. The mean time to first relapse after the switch was significantly longer in the FNG group.
The present study revealed superior effectiveness of vertical switch over lateral switch regarding the improvement in relapse outcomes. Patients in the FNG cohort experienced sustainably fewer relapses during the follow-up period after the switch compared the iDMT cohort. Importantly, switching to FNG was more effective in delaying time to first relapse when compared with iDMTs.</abstract><cop>Turkey</cop><pub>Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)</pub><pmid>36945929</pmid><doi>10.55730/1300-0144.5588</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 1300-0144 |
ispartof | Turkish journal of medical sciences, 2023-01, Vol.53 (1), p.323-332 |
issn | 1300-0144 1303-6165 1300-0144 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10388089 |
source | MEDLINE; PMC (PubMed Central); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; TÜBİTAK Scientific Journals; PubMed Central Open Access |
subjects | Fingolimod Hydrochloride - therapeutic use Glatiramer Acetate - therapeutic use Humans Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use Interferon-beta - therapeutic use Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy Recurrence Retrospective Studies Turkey |
title | Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE) |
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