Evaluation of Systemic Genotoxic/Oxidative and Proinflammatory Effects in Workers of a Titanium Dioxide Production Plant
This study is aimed at evaluating whether the occupational exposure to TiO2 during the industrial production process is able to induce genotoxic, oxidative, and inflammatory effects on blood, biomonitoring the same workers that showed micronucleus induction in the exfoliated buccal cells, as previou...
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| creator | Cavallo, Delia Fresegna, Anna Maria Ciervo, Aureliano Maiello, Raffaele Chiarella, Pieranna Buresti, Giuliana Del Frate, Valentina Di Basilio, Marco Iavicoli, Sergio Ursini, Cinzia Lucia |
| description | This study is aimed at evaluating whether the occupational exposure to TiO2 during the industrial production process is able to induce genotoxic, oxidative, and inflammatory effects on blood, biomonitoring the same workers that showed micronucleus induction in the exfoliated buccal cells, as previous published. The final aim was to find sensitive and suitable biomarkers to evaluate potential early toxicity of occupational exposure to TiO2. On the same 40 workers involved in the manufacture of TiO2 pigment, 5 office workers, and 18 controls previously studied, we used formamidopyrimidine glycosylase- (Fpg-) comet assay on lymphocytes to evaluate genotoxic/oxidative effects and detected cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα) release by ELISA to evaluate proinflammation. Moreover, we studied the possible influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of XRCC1 and hOGG1 DNA repair genes and of GST metabolism-related genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) on the evaluated effects. We did not find statistically significant differences in the mean values of the analysed Fpg-comet assay parameters; only the percentage of DNA damaged cells appearing in the test as comets (% comets) resulted higher in the exposed workers compared to controls. Also, the data analysed taking into account the specific task (bagging, industrial cleaning, mobile operations, maintaining, and production) showed differences only for % comets which resulted higher in industrial cleaners compared to controls. We found variations of IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the exposed workers with concentrations that were lower for IL-6 and higher for IL-8 compared to the control group. XRCC1, hOGG1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms did not influence neither comet parameters nor cytokine release. These findings demonstrate that TiO2 production process is able to induce slight proinflammatory effects in terms of IL-8 increased release but not significant genotoxic/oxidative effects on lymphocytes, which do not seem to be a target of TiO2, prevalently inhalable particles, generated in the studied production site. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2023/7066090 |
| format | Article |
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The final aim was to find sensitive and suitable biomarkers to evaluate potential early toxicity of occupational exposure to TiO2. On the same 40 workers involved in the manufacture of TiO2 pigment, 5 office workers, and 18 controls previously studied, we used formamidopyrimidine glycosylase- (Fpg-) comet assay on lymphocytes to evaluate genotoxic/oxidative effects and detected cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα) release by ELISA to evaluate proinflammation. Moreover, we studied the possible influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of XRCC1 and hOGG1 DNA repair genes and of GST metabolism-related genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) on the evaluated effects. We did not find statistically significant differences in the mean values of the analysed Fpg-comet assay parameters; only the percentage of DNA damaged cells appearing in the test as comets (% comets) resulted higher in the exposed workers compared to controls. Also, the data analysed taking into account the specific task (bagging, industrial cleaning, mobile operations, maintaining, and production) showed differences only for % comets which resulted higher in industrial cleaners compared to controls. We found variations of IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the exposed workers with concentrations that were lower for IL-6 and higher for IL-8 compared to the control group. XRCC1, hOGG1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms did not influence neither comet parameters nor cytokine release. These findings demonstrate that TiO2 production process is able to induce slight proinflammatory effects in terms of IL-8 increased release but not significant genotoxic/oxidative effects on lymphocytes, which do not seem to be a target of TiO2, prevalently inhalable particles, generated in the studied production site.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2314-6133</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2314-6141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2023/7066090</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37521120</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Bioassays ; Biomarkers ; Biomedical research ; Biomonitoring ; Carcinogens ; Cohort analysis ; Comet Assay ; Comets ; Cytokines ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA damage ; DNA Damage - genetics ; DNA repair ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Enzymes ; Exposure ; Food additives ; Genes ; Genotoxicity ; GSTM1 protein ; GSTT1 protein ; Humans ; Industrial production ; Inflammation ; Interleukin 6 ; Interleukin 8 ; Interleukin-6 - genetics ; Interleukin-8 - genetics ; Lung cancer ; Lymphocytes ; Metabolism ; Micronucleus Tests ; Mouth Mucosa ; Nucleotides ; Occupational exposure ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure - analysis ; Occupational health ; Oxidative stress ; Oxidative Stress - genetics ; Parameters ; Single-nucleotide polymorphism ; Statistical analysis ; Titanium ; Titanium - toxicity ; Titanium dioxide ; Toxicity ; Workweeks ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 ; XRCC1 protein</subject><ispartof>BioMed research international, 2023, Vol.2023 (1), p.7066090-7066090</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2023 Delia Cavallo et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Delia Cavallo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Delia Cavallo et al. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-27ca3aecbb4bd73974b8f424438db31dd797b0d584337826a6bf8b02fa3277723</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-27ca3aecbb4bd73974b8f424438db31dd797b0d584337826a6bf8b02fa3277723</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2331-1464</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10386898/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10386898/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,4024,27923,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37521120$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Rojas del Castillo, Emilio</contributor><contributor>Emilio Rojas del Castillo</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cavallo, Delia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fresegna, Anna Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ciervo, Aureliano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maiello, Raffaele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiarella, Pieranna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buresti, Giuliana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Del Frate, Valentina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Basilio, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iavicoli, Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ursini, Cinzia Lucia</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of Systemic Genotoxic/Oxidative and Proinflammatory Effects in Workers of a Titanium Dioxide Production Plant</title><title>BioMed research international</title><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><description>This study is aimed at evaluating whether the occupational exposure to TiO2 during the industrial production process is able to induce genotoxic, oxidative, and inflammatory effects on blood, biomonitoring the same workers that showed micronucleus induction in the exfoliated buccal cells, as previous published. The final aim was to find sensitive and suitable biomarkers to evaluate potential early toxicity of occupational exposure to TiO2. On the same 40 workers involved in the manufacture of TiO2 pigment, 5 office workers, and 18 controls previously studied, we used formamidopyrimidine glycosylase- (Fpg-) comet assay on lymphocytes to evaluate genotoxic/oxidative effects and detected cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα) release by ELISA to evaluate proinflammation. Moreover, we studied the possible influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of XRCC1 and hOGG1 DNA repair genes and of GST metabolism-related genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) on the evaluated effects. We did not find statistically significant differences in the mean values of the analysed Fpg-comet assay parameters; only the percentage of DNA damaged cells appearing in the test as comets (% comets) resulted higher in the exposed workers compared to controls. Also, the data analysed taking into account the specific task (bagging, industrial cleaning, mobile operations, maintaining, and production) showed differences only for % comets which resulted higher in industrial cleaners compared to controls. We found variations of IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the exposed workers with concentrations that were lower for IL-6 and higher for IL-8 compared to the control group. XRCC1, hOGG1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms did not influence neither comet parameters nor cytokine release. These findings demonstrate that TiO2 production process is able to induce slight proinflammatory effects in terms of IL-8 increased release but not significant genotoxic/oxidative effects on lymphocytes, which do not seem to be a target of TiO2, prevalently inhalable particles, generated in the studied production site.</description><subject>Bioassays</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomedical research</subject><subject>Biomonitoring</subject><subject>Carcinogens</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Comet Assay</subject><subject>Comets</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA damage</subject><subject>DNA Damage - genetics</subject><subject>DNA repair</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Food additives</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genotoxicity</subject><subject>GSTM1 protein</subject><subject>GSTT1 protein</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Industrial production</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Interleukin 6</subject><subject>Interleukin 8</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - genetics</subject><subject>Interleukin-8 - genetics</subject><subject>Lung cancer</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Micronucleus Tests</subject><subject>Mouth Mucosa</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>Occupational exposure</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Occupational health</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - genetics</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Titanium</subject><subject>Titanium - toxicity</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Workweeks</subject><subject>X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1</subject><subject>XRCC1 protein</subject><issn>2314-6133</issn><issn>2314-6141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1rFDEchgdRbKm9eZaAF0HXzddMMieRuq1CoQUrHkM-bepMUpPMuvvfN-Oui3owlwR-T57k5W2a5wi-RahtlxhismSw62APHzXHmCC66BBFjw9nQo6a05zvYF0cVa572hwR1mKEMDxuNqu1HCZZfAwgOvB5m4sdvQYXNsQSN14vrzbe1PnaAhkMuE7RBzfIcZQlpi1YOWd1ycAH8DWm7zblWSPBjS8y-GkEH3y1GDtfNJP-9c71IEN51jxxcsj2dL-fNF_OVzdnHxeXVxefzt5fLjSlfVlgpiWRVitFlWGkZ1RxRzGlhBtFkDGsZwqallNCGMed7JTjCmInCWaMYXLSvNt57yc1WqNtKEkO4j75UaatiNKLvyfB34pvcS0QJLzjPa-GV3tDij8mm4sYfdZ2qClsnLLAnFLIKYKsoi__Qe_ilELNN1Okw4i1baXe7CidYs7JusNvEBRzrWKuVexrrfiLPxMc4N8lVuD1Drj1wcif_v-6B16Uqys</recordid><startdate>2023</startdate><enddate>2023</enddate><creator>Cavallo, Delia</creator><creator>Fresegna, Anna Maria</creator><creator>Ciervo, Aureliano</creator><creator>Maiello, Raffaele</creator><creator>Chiarella, Pieranna</creator><creator>Buresti, Giuliana</creator><creator>Del Frate, Valentina</creator><creator>Di Basilio, Marco</creator><creator>Iavicoli, Sergio</creator><creator>Ursini, Cinzia Lucia</creator><general>Hindawi</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-1464</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2023</creationdate><title>Evaluation of Systemic Genotoxic/Oxidative and Proinflammatory Effects in Workers of a Titanium Dioxide Production Plant</title><author>Cavallo, Delia ; Fresegna, Anna Maria ; Ciervo, Aureliano ; Maiello, Raffaele ; Chiarella, Pieranna ; Buresti, Giuliana ; Del Frate, Valentina ; Di Basilio, Marco ; Iavicoli, Sergio ; Ursini, Cinzia Lucia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-27ca3aecbb4bd73974b8f424438db31dd797b0d584337826a6bf8b02fa3277723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Bioassays</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomedical research</topic><topic>Biomonitoring</topic><topic>Carcinogens</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Comet Assay</topic><topic>Comets</topic><topic>Cytokines</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA damage</topic><topic>DNA Damage - genetics</topic><topic>DNA repair</topic><topic>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Food additives</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genotoxicity</topic><topic>GSTM1 protein</topic><topic>GSTT1 protein</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Industrial production</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Interleukin 6</topic><topic>Interleukin 8</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - genetics</topic><topic>Interleukin-8 - genetics</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Lymphocytes</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Micronucleus Tests</topic><topic>Mouth Mucosa</topic><topic>Nucleotides</topic><topic>Occupational exposure</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Occupational health</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - genetics</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Titanium</topic><topic>Titanium - 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The final aim was to find sensitive and suitable biomarkers to evaluate potential early toxicity of occupational exposure to TiO2. On the same 40 workers involved in the manufacture of TiO2 pigment, 5 office workers, and 18 controls previously studied, we used formamidopyrimidine glycosylase- (Fpg-) comet assay on lymphocytes to evaluate genotoxic/oxidative effects and detected cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα) release by ELISA to evaluate proinflammation. Moreover, we studied the possible influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of XRCC1 and hOGG1 DNA repair genes and of GST metabolism-related genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) on the evaluated effects. We did not find statistically significant differences in the mean values of the analysed Fpg-comet assay parameters; only the percentage of DNA damaged cells appearing in the test as comets (% comets) resulted higher in the exposed workers compared to controls. Also, the data analysed taking into account the specific task (bagging, industrial cleaning, mobile operations, maintaining, and production) showed differences only for % comets which resulted higher in industrial cleaners compared to controls. We found variations of IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the exposed workers with concentrations that were lower for IL-6 and higher for IL-8 compared to the control group. XRCC1, hOGG1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms did not influence neither comet parameters nor cytokine release. These findings demonstrate that TiO2 production process is able to induce slight proinflammatory effects in terms of IL-8 increased release but not significant genotoxic/oxidative effects on lymphocytes, which do not seem to be a target of TiO2, prevalently inhalable particles, generated in the studied production site.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Hindawi</pub><pmid>37521120</pmid><doi>10.1155/2023/7066090</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-1464</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 2314-6133 |
| ispartof | BioMed research international, 2023, Vol.2023 (1), p.7066090-7066090 |
| issn | 2314-6133 2314-6141 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10386898 |
| source | MEDLINE; PubMed Central Open Access; Wiley Online Library Open Access; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Bioassays Biomarkers Biomedical research Biomonitoring Carcinogens Cohort analysis Comet Assay Comets Cytokines Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA damage DNA Damage - genetics DNA repair Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Enzymes Exposure Food additives Genes Genotoxicity GSTM1 protein GSTT1 protein Humans Industrial production Inflammation Interleukin 6 Interleukin 8 Interleukin-6 - genetics Interleukin-8 - genetics Lung cancer Lymphocytes Metabolism Micronucleus Tests Mouth Mucosa Nucleotides Occupational exposure Occupational Exposure - adverse effects Occupational Exposure - analysis Occupational health Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - genetics Parameters Single-nucleotide polymorphism Statistical analysis Titanium Titanium - toxicity Titanium dioxide Toxicity Workweeks X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 XRCC1 protein |
| title | Evaluation of Systemic Genotoxic/Oxidative and Proinflammatory Effects in Workers of a Titanium Dioxide Production Plant |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-26T07%3A55%3A02IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evaluation%20of%20Systemic%20Genotoxic/Oxidative%20and%20Proinflammatory%20Effects%20in%20Workers%20of%20a%20Titanium%20Dioxide%20Production%20Plant&rft.jtitle=BioMed%20research%20international&rft.au=Cavallo,%20Delia&rft.date=2023&rft.volume=2023&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7066090&rft.epage=7066090&rft.pages=7066090-7066090&rft.issn=2314-6133&rft.eissn=2314-6141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155/2023/7066090&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2844084107%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2843621755&rft_id=info:pmid/37521120&rfr_iscdi=true |