Inhomogeneity of the Backward Extruded NdFeB Ring Magnet Prepared from Amorphous Powders
Back extrusion is an important process to prepare radially oriented NdFeB ring magnets. In this work, we fabricate the ring magnets using amorphous magnetic powders as the raw material. The microstructure, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of the backward extruded...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2023-07, Vol.16 (14), p.5117 |
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| creator | Huang, Weida Xu, Ke Liao, Xuefeng Zhou, Bang Yu, Hongya Zhong, Xichun Liu, Zhongwu |
| description | Back extrusion is an important process to prepare radially oriented NdFeB ring magnets. In this work, we fabricate the ring magnets using amorphous magnetic powders as the raw material. The microstructure, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of the backward extruded magnet at different positions along the axial direction have been investigated, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet is clarified. The results showed that the grains in the middle region of the ring magnet exhibit a strong
-axis orientation, whereas the grains at the bottom and top regions are disordered with random orientation. The microstructure variation is related to the distribution of the grain boundary phase and the degree of grain deformation. Due to the microstructure difference, the magnetic properties, temperature stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties in the middle region of the magnet are higher than those in the top and bottom regions. The exchange coupling between grains also varies in different regions, which is related to the grain size and grain boundary thickness. In addition, different Co element segregations were observed in different regions, which has a crucial effect on the Curie temperature and thermal stability of the magnet. The microstructure difference also leads to the variation of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties for the samples from different regions of the magnet. This work suggests that the amorphous powder can be used to directly prepare radially oriented ring magnets, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet should be fully understood. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma16145117 |
| format | Article |
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-axis orientation, whereas the grains at the bottom and top regions are disordered with random orientation. The microstructure variation is related to the distribution of the grain boundary phase and the degree of grain deformation. Due to the microstructure difference, the magnetic properties, temperature stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties in the middle region of the magnet are higher than those in the top and bottom regions. The exchange coupling between grains also varies in different regions, which is related to the grain size and grain boundary thickness. In addition, different Co element segregations were observed in different regions, which has a crucial effect on the Curie temperature and thermal stability of the magnet. The microstructure difference also leads to the variation of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties for the samples from different regions of the magnet. This work suggests that the amorphous powder can be used to directly prepare radially oriented ring magnets, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet should be fully understood.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16145117</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37512390</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Amorphous materials ; Backward extrusion ; Corrosion resistance ; Curie temperature ; Deformation ; Grain boundaries ; Grain size ; Inhomogeneity ; Magnetic fields ; Magnetic properties ; Magnets ; Mechanical properties ; Microstructure ; Powders ; Raw materials ; Segregations ; Thermal stability</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-07, Vol.16 (14), p.5117</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-a7a7910d3aaa61e7ffa7c0dbaefd2aeed55149193181bf9b602316fd409d0cbd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-a7a7910d3aaa61e7ffa7c0dbaefd2aeed55149193181bf9b602316fd409d0cbd3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7503-1918 ; 0000-0002-2560-6282 ; 0000-0001-8972-6219</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385155/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385155/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37512390$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, Weida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Ke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liao, Xuefeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Bang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Hongya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhong, Xichun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Zhongwu</creatorcontrib><title>Inhomogeneity of the Backward Extruded NdFeB Ring Magnet Prepared from Amorphous Powders</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>Back extrusion is an important process to prepare radially oriented NdFeB ring magnets. In this work, we fabricate the ring magnets using amorphous magnetic powders as the raw material. The microstructure, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of the backward extruded magnet at different positions along the axial direction have been investigated, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet is clarified. The results showed that the grains in the middle region of the ring magnet exhibit a strong
-axis orientation, whereas the grains at the bottom and top regions are disordered with random orientation. The microstructure variation is related to the distribution of the grain boundary phase and the degree of grain deformation. Due to the microstructure difference, the magnetic properties, temperature stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties in the middle region of the magnet are higher than those in the top and bottom regions. The exchange coupling between grains also varies in different regions, which is related to the grain size and grain boundary thickness. In addition, different Co element segregations were observed in different regions, which has a crucial effect on the Curie temperature and thermal stability of the magnet. The microstructure difference also leads to the variation of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties for the samples from different regions of the magnet. This work suggests that the amorphous powder can be used to directly prepare radially oriented ring magnets, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet should be fully understood.</description><subject>Amorphous materials</subject><subject>Backward extrusion</subject><subject>Corrosion resistance</subject><subject>Curie temperature</subject><subject>Deformation</subject><subject>Grain boundaries</subject><subject>Grain size</subject><subject>Inhomogeneity</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Magnets</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Powders</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Segregations</subject><subject>Thermal stability</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU1v1DAQhiMEolXphR-ALHFBSFs8sZ3EJ7St-iWVUiGQuFmTeJxNSezFSSj99_Vq29JiHzzyPPPOvJosewv8QAjNPw0IBUgFUL7IdkHrYgFaypdP4p1sfxyveTpCQJXr19mOKBXkqXo3-3nuV2EILXnqplsWHJtWxA6x-XWD0bLjv1OcLVl2aU_okH3rfMu-YOtpYleR1hhTysUwsOUQ4noV5pFdhRtLcXyTvXLYj7R__-5lP06Ovx-dLS6-np4fLS8WjZTFtMASSw3cCkQsgErnsGy4rZGczZHIKgVSg06TQ-10XfBcQOGs5NryprZiL_u81V3P9UC2IT9F7M06dgPGWxOwM88zvluZNvwxwEWlQKmk8OFeIYbfM42TGbqxob5HT8mQySspeaW05gl9_x96Hebok78NJXgFQmwED7ZUiz2ZzruQGjfpWhq6JnhyXfpflkqn9kpuZD9uC5oYxjGSexwfuNls2fzbcoLfPTX8iD7sVNwBz6yiUg</recordid><startdate>20230720</startdate><enddate>20230720</enddate><creator>Huang, Weida</creator><creator>Xu, Ke</creator><creator>Liao, Xuefeng</creator><creator>Zhou, Bang</creator><creator>Yu, Hongya</creator><creator>Zhong, Xichun</creator><creator>Liu, Zhongwu</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7503-1918</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-6282</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8972-6219</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230720</creationdate><title>Inhomogeneity of the Backward Extruded NdFeB Ring Magnet Prepared from Amorphous Powders</title><author>Huang, Weida ; Xu, Ke ; Liao, Xuefeng ; Zhou, Bang ; Yu, Hongya ; Zhong, Xichun ; Liu, Zhongwu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-a7a7910d3aaa61e7ffa7c0dbaefd2aeed55149193181bf9b602316fd409d0cbd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Amorphous materials</topic><topic>Backward extrusion</topic><topic>Corrosion resistance</topic><topic>Curie temperature</topic><topic>Deformation</topic><topic>Grain boundaries</topic><topic>Grain size</topic><topic>Inhomogeneity</topic><topic>Magnetic fields</topic><topic>Magnetic properties</topic><topic>Magnets</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Microstructure</topic><topic>Powders</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Segregations</topic><topic>Thermal stability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Huang, Weida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Ke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liao, Xuefeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Bang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Hongya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhong, Xichun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Zhongwu</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Huang, Weida</au><au>Xu, Ke</au><au>Liao, Xuefeng</au><au>Zhou, Bang</au><au>Yu, Hongya</au><au>Zhong, Xichun</au><au>Liu, Zhongwu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Inhomogeneity of the Backward Extruded NdFeB Ring Magnet Prepared from Amorphous Powders</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-07-20</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>14</issue><spage>5117</spage><pages>5117-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>Back extrusion is an important process to prepare radially oriented NdFeB ring magnets. In this work, we fabricate the ring magnets using amorphous magnetic powders as the raw material. The microstructure, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of the backward extruded magnet at different positions along the axial direction have been investigated, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet is clarified. The results showed that the grains in the middle region of the ring magnet exhibit a strong
-axis orientation, whereas the grains at the bottom and top regions are disordered with random orientation. The microstructure variation is related to the distribution of the grain boundary phase and the degree of grain deformation. Due to the microstructure difference, the magnetic properties, temperature stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties in the middle region of the magnet are higher than those in the top and bottom regions. The exchange coupling between grains also varies in different regions, which is related to the grain size and grain boundary thickness. In addition, different Co element segregations were observed in different regions, which has a crucial effect on the Curie temperature and thermal stability of the magnet. The microstructure difference also leads to the variation of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties for the samples from different regions of the magnet. This work suggests that the amorphous powder can be used to directly prepare radially oriented ring magnets, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet should be fully understood.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37512390</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma16145117</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7503-1918</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-6282</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8972-6219</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Amorphous materials Backward extrusion Corrosion resistance Curie temperature Deformation Grain boundaries Grain size Inhomogeneity Magnetic fields Magnetic properties Magnets Mechanical properties Microstructure Powders Raw materials Segregations Thermal stability |
| title | Inhomogeneity of the Backward Extruded NdFeB Ring Magnet Prepared from Amorphous Powders |
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