A second-generation, point-of-care immunoassay provided improved detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia antibodies in PCR-positive dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species
A validated second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus (Idexx) incorporates new peptides for improved detection of antibodies against Anaplasma and Ehrlichia tick-borne pathogens in dogs. We compared the first- and second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus using dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia specie...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2023-07, Vol.35 (4), p.367-374 |
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| container_title | Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation |
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| creator | Richardson, Safari S. Mainville, Celine A. Arguello-Marin, Andrea Whalley, Darcy Burton, Wade Breitschwerdt, Edward B. Qurollo, Barbara A. |
| description | A validated second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus (Idexx) incorporates new peptides for improved detection of antibodies against Anaplasma and Ehrlichia tick-borne pathogens in dogs. We compared the first- and second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus using dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species, or dogs seroreactive by an E. canis indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The second-generation immunoassay was more sensitive than the first-generation for dogs infected with A. phagocytophilum (51.1% and 29.2%, respectively), A. platys (63.6% and 35.3%, respectively), E. canis (96.2% and 88.3%, respectively), or E. ewingii (73.7% and 70.8%, respectively), and for dogs seroreactive by E. canis IFAT (87.3% and 83.9%, respectively). The second-generation immunoassay detected significantly more Anaplasma- or Ehrlichia-infected dogs that were Anaplasma (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/10406387231172723 |
| format | Article |
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We compared the first- and second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus using dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species, or dogs seroreactive by an E. canis indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The second-generation immunoassay was more sensitive than the first-generation for dogs infected with A. phagocytophilum (51.1% and 29.2%, respectively), A. platys (63.6% and 35.3%, respectively), E. canis (96.2% and 88.3%, respectively), or E. ewingii (73.7% and 70.8%, respectively), and for dogs seroreactive by E. canis IFAT (87.3% and 83.9%, respectively). The second-generation immunoassay detected significantly more Anaplasma- or Ehrlichia-infected dogs that were Anaplasma (p < 0.001) or Ehrlichia (p = 0.031) seroreactive, respectively, than did the first-generation test. When Ehrlichia seroreactivity by E. canis IFAT and both immunoassays was compared, significantly more E. canis–infected dogs were seroreactive by E. canis IFAT than the first-generation (p = 0.006) but not the second-generation (p = 0.125) immunoassay. Significantly more E. ewingii–infected dogs were seroreactive by the first- (p = 0.011) and second-generation (p = 0.049) immunoassays than the E. canis IFAT. Medical records available for 7 dogs that were Anaplasma seroreactive by the second-generation but not the first-generation immunoassay revealed case management decisions that might have been different with an immediate anaplasmosis diagnosis, including earlier doxycycline therapy and less hospitalization. The second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus test offered improved serologic detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in naturally infected dogs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1040-6387</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-4936</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/10406387231172723</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37161312</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Anaplasma ; Anaplasmosis - diagnosis ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Dog Diseases - diagnosis ; Dogs ; Ehrlichia - genetics ; Ehrlichia canis ; Ehrlichiosis - diagnosis ; Ehrlichiosis - veterinary ; Full Scientific Reports ; Immunoassay - veterinary ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary</subject><ispartof>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation, 2023-07, Vol.35 (4), p.367-374</ispartof><rights>2023 The Author(s)</rights><rights>2023 The Author(s) 2023 American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-5e71812775265f69fb740240d5dbd0f4613a47782137e3e6e0336cc9335e46843</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-5e71812775265f69fb740240d5dbd0f4613a47782137e3e6e0336cc9335e46843</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9849-2511</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10331380/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10331380/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,21798,27901,27902,43597,43598,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37161312$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Richardson, Safari S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mainville, Celine A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arguello-Marin, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whalley, Darcy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burton, Wade</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breitschwerdt, Edward B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qurollo, Barbara A.</creatorcontrib><title>A second-generation, point-of-care immunoassay provided improved detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia antibodies in PCR-positive dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species</title><title>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation</title><addtitle>J Vet Diagn Invest</addtitle><description>A validated second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus (Idexx) incorporates new peptides for improved detection of antibodies against Anaplasma and Ehrlichia tick-borne pathogens in dogs. We compared the first- and second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus using dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species, or dogs seroreactive by an E. canis indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The second-generation immunoassay was more sensitive than the first-generation for dogs infected with A. phagocytophilum (51.1% and 29.2%, respectively), A. platys (63.6% and 35.3%, respectively), E. canis (96.2% and 88.3%, respectively), or E. ewingii (73.7% and 70.8%, respectively), and for dogs seroreactive by E. canis IFAT (87.3% and 83.9%, respectively). The second-generation immunoassay detected significantly more Anaplasma- or Ehrlichia-infected dogs that were Anaplasma (p < 0.001) or Ehrlichia (p = 0.031) seroreactive, respectively, than did the first-generation test. When Ehrlichia seroreactivity by E. canis IFAT and both immunoassays was compared, significantly more E. canis–infected dogs were seroreactive by E. canis IFAT than the first-generation (p = 0.006) but not the second-generation (p = 0.125) immunoassay. Significantly more E. ewingii–infected dogs were seroreactive by the first- (p = 0.011) and second-generation (p = 0.049) immunoassays than the E. canis IFAT. Medical records available for 7 dogs that were Anaplasma seroreactive by the second-generation but not the first-generation immunoassay revealed case management decisions that might have been different with an immediate anaplasmosis diagnosis, including earlier doxycycline therapy and less hospitalization. The second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus test offered improved serologic detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in naturally infected dogs.</description><subject>Anaplasma</subject><subject>Anaplasmosis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Bacterial</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Ehrlichia - genetics</subject><subject>Ehrlichia canis</subject><subject>Ehrlichiosis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Ehrlichiosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Full Scientific Reports</subject><subject>Immunoassay - veterinary</subject><subject>Point-of-Care Systems</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary</subject><issn>1040-6387</issn><issn>1943-4936</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc9u1DAQxiMEoqXwAFyQjxxIa8dOnJzQalX-SJWKqnK2vPZk11ViB9tZtO_GwzHRlmoREqeZ8Xzz82i-onjL6CVjUl4xKmjDW1lxLCsMz4pz1gleio43zzHHfrkIzopXKT1QWle1ZC-LMy5ZwzirzotfK5LABG_LLXiIOrvgP5ApOJ_L0JdGRyBuHGcfdEr6QKYY9s6CxcclxcRCBrOMkdCTldfToNOoifaWXO_i4MzOLVV2m2AdJOI8-ba-K6eQXHZ7IDZsE_E6z1EPwwHbPeKQ-9Pl3QkvxBNcmsAg63XxotdDgjeP8aL4_un6fv2lvLn9_HW9uimN4F0ua5CsZZWUddXUfdP1GyloJait7cbSXuAptJCyrRiXwKEBynljTMd5DaJpBb8oPh6507wZwRrwGZdVU3SjjgcVtFN_d7zbqW3YK4YkxluKhPePhBh-zJCyGl0yMAzaQ5iTqlrGOt6hQyhlR6mJIaUI_dM_jKrFdvWP7Tjz7nTBp4k_PqPg8ihIegvqIczR48H-Q_wNV6C49g</recordid><startdate>20230701</startdate><enddate>20230701</enddate><creator>Richardson, Safari S.</creator><creator>Mainville, Celine A.</creator><creator>Arguello-Marin, Andrea</creator><creator>Whalley, Darcy</creator><creator>Burton, Wade</creator><creator>Breitschwerdt, Edward B.</creator><creator>Qurollo, Barbara A.</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9849-2511</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230701</creationdate><title>A second-generation, point-of-care immunoassay provided improved detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia antibodies in PCR-positive dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species</title><author>Richardson, Safari S. ; Mainville, Celine A. ; Arguello-Marin, Andrea ; Whalley, Darcy ; Burton, Wade ; Breitschwerdt, Edward B. ; Qurollo, Barbara A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-5e71812775265f69fb740240d5dbd0f4613a47782137e3e6e0336cc9335e46843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Anaplasma</topic><topic>Anaplasmosis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies, Bacterial</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Ehrlichia - genetics</topic><topic>Ehrlichia canis</topic><topic>Ehrlichiosis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Ehrlichiosis - veterinary</topic><topic>Full Scientific Reports</topic><topic>Immunoassay - veterinary</topic><topic>Point-of-Care Systems</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Richardson, Safari S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mainville, Celine A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arguello-Marin, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whalley, Darcy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burton, Wade</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breitschwerdt, Edward B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qurollo, Barbara A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Richardson, Safari S.</au><au>Mainville, Celine A.</au><au>Arguello-Marin, Andrea</au><au>Whalley, Darcy</au><au>Burton, Wade</au><au>Breitschwerdt, Edward B.</au><au>Qurollo, Barbara A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A second-generation, point-of-care immunoassay provided improved detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia antibodies in PCR-positive dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species</atitle><jtitle>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation</jtitle><addtitle>J Vet Diagn Invest</addtitle><date>2023-07-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>367</spage><epage>374</epage><pages>367-374</pages><issn>1040-6387</issn><eissn>1943-4936</eissn><abstract>A validated second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus (Idexx) incorporates new peptides for improved detection of antibodies against Anaplasma and Ehrlichia tick-borne pathogens in dogs. We compared the first- and second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus using dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species, or dogs seroreactive by an E. canis indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The second-generation immunoassay was more sensitive than the first-generation for dogs infected with A. phagocytophilum (51.1% and 29.2%, respectively), A. platys (63.6% and 35.3%, respectively), E. canis (96.2% and 88.3%, respectively), or E. ewingii (73.7% and 70.8%, respectively), and for dogs seroreactive by E. canis IFAT (87.3% and 83.9%, respectively). The second-generation immunoassay detected significantly more Anaplasma- or Ehrlichia-infected dogs that were Anaplasma (p < 0.001) or Ehrlichia (p = 0.031) seroreactive, respectively, than did the first-generation test. When Ehrlichia seroreactivity by E. canis IFAT and both immunoassays was compared, significantly more E. canis–infected dogs were seroreactive by E. canis IFAT than the first-generation (p = 0.006) but not the second-generation (p = 0.125) immunoassay. Significantly more E. ewingii–infected dogs were seroreactive by the first- (p = 0.011) and second-generation (p = 0.049) immunoassays than the E. canis IFAT. Medical records available for 7 dogs that were Anaplasma seroreactive by the second-generation but not the first-generation immunoassay revealed case management decisions that might have been different with an immediate anaplasmosis diagnosis, including earlier doxycycline therapy and less hospitalization. The second-generation SNAP 4Dx Plus test offered improved serologic detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in naturally infected dogs.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>37161312</pmid><doi>10.1177/10406387231172723</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9849-2511</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; SAGE Complete; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Anaplasma Anaplasmosis - diagnosis Animals Antibodies, Bacterial Dog Diseases - diagnosis Dogs Ehrlichia - genetics Ehrlichia canis Ehrlichiosis - diagnosis Ehrlichiosis - veterinary Full Scientific Reports Immunoassay - veterinary Point-of-Care Systems Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary |
| title | A second-generation, point-of-care immunoassay provided improved detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia antibodies in PCR-positive dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma or Ehrlichia species |
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