Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India
Background We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine. Methods We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and...
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| creator | Tandale, Babasaheb V. Deshmukh, Pravin S. Tomar, Shilpa J. Narang, Rahul Qazi, Mohiuddin S. Goteti Venkata, Padmaja Jain, Manish Jain, Dipty Guduru, Vijay Kumar Jain, Jyoti Gosavi, Rajesh V. Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar Deshmukh, Pradeep R. Raut, Abhishek V. Narlawar, Uday W. Jha, Punam Kumari Bondre, Vijay P. Sapkal, Gajanan N. Damle, Rekha G. Khude, Poornima M. Niswade, Abhimanyu K. Talapalliwar, Manoj Rathod, Pragati Balla, Padmini Soujanya Muttineni, Pavan Kumar Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar Rajderkar, Shekhar S. |
| description | Background
We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.
Methods
We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and Telangana States during 2015–2016 and 2018–2020. We estimated incidence and compared differences in the incidence of JE and AES between two states, and vaccinated and unvaccinated districts during two study periods. We also considered secondary data from public health services to understand long-term trends from 2007 to 2020.
Results
The annual AES incidence rate of 2.25 cases per 100,000 children in Maharashtra during 2018–2020 was significantly lower than 3.36 cases per 100,000 children during 2015–2016. The six JE-vaccinated districts in Maharashtra had significantly lower incidence rates during 2018–2020 (2.03, 95% CI 1.73–2.37) than in 2015–16 (3.26, 2.86–3.70). In addition, the incidence of both JE and AES in two unvaccinated districts was higher than in the vaccinated districts in Maharashtra. Telangana had a lower incidence of both JE and AES than Maharashtra. The AES incidence rate of 0.95 (0.77–1.17) during 2018–2020 in Telangana was significantly lower than 1.67 (1.41–1.97) during 2015–2016.
Conclusions
The annual incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis was 1 case per 100,000 children. It highlights the need for improving surveillance and evaluating the impacts of vaccination. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s44197-023-00110-7 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>pubmed_doaj_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10271976</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_af3875830ace4ea7b1d8895b798d2da2</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>37162636</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c464t-b94036d08394df165df56e73762d4dd92430e5ab9a4dbea8a8140c73270cbd293</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kctuFDEQRVsIRKKQH2CB_AMNfrXdXqFoNJBBQUg81la1XT3jaNoe2T1IyY4_x0lDlLBg5dK9Vads36Z5zehbRql-V6RkRreUi5ZSxmirnzWnnNdCUSafP6pPmvNSwkClNKaTVLxsToRmiiuhTptfm-iCx-iQpJF8ggNELEjWVTjsYB_mUAhETy7ccf5H_nYTfU4TkstUDmGu6i3MIcVCQiTzDsln9OE4tevocQqOfMVtde_MFcY5w55sog_wqnkxwr7g-Z_zrPnxYf19ddleffm4WV1ctU4qObeDqVdXnvbCSD8y1fmxU6iFVtxL7w2XgmIHgwHpB4Qeeiap04Jr6gbPjThrNgvXJ7i2hxwmyDc2QbD3QspbC3kObo8WRtHrrhcUHEoEPTDf96YbtOk998Ar6_3COhyHCb1b3vME-tSJYWe36adllOsam6oEvhBcTqVkHB-GGbV3AdslYFsDtvcBW12H3jxe-zDyN87aIJaGUq24xWyv0zHH-q3_w_4GG0Szag</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</source><creator>Tandale, Babasaheb V. ; Deshmukh, Pravin S. ; Tomar, Shilpa J. ; Narang, Rahul ; Qazi, Mohiuddin S. ; Goteti Venkata, Padmaja ; Jain, Manish ; Jain, Dipty ; Guduru, Vijay Kumar ; Jain, Jyoti ; Gosavi, Rajesh V. ; Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar ; Deshmukh, Pradeep R. ; Raut, Abhishek V. ; Narlawar, Uday W. ; Jha, Punam Kumari ; Bondre, Vijay P. ; Sapkal, Gajanan N. ; Damle, Rekha G. ; Khude, Poornima M. ; Niswade, Abhimanyu K. ; Talapalliwar, Manoj ; Rathod, Pragati ; Balla, Padmini Soujanya ; Muttineni, Pavan Kumar ; Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar ; Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</creator><creatorcontrib>Tandale, Babasaheb V. ; Deshmukh, Pravin S. ; Tomar, Shilpa J. ; Narang, Rahul ; Qazi, Mohiuddin S. ; Goteti Venkata, Padmaja ; Jain, Manish ; Jain, Dipty ; Guduru, Vijay Kumar ; Jain, Jyoti ; Gosavi, Rajesh V. ; Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar ; Deshmukh, Pradeep R. ; Raut, Abhishek V. ; Narlawar, Uday W. ; Jha, Punam Kumari ; Bondre, Vijay P. ; Sapkal, Gajanan N. ; Damle, Rekha G. ; Khude, Poornima M. ; Niswade, Abhimanyu K. ; Talapalliwar, Manoj ; Rathod, Pragati ; Balla, Padmini Soujanya ; Muttineni, Pavan Kumar ; Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar ; Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.
Methods
We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and Telangana States during 2015–2016 and 2018–2020. We estimated incidence and compared differences in the incidence of JE and AES between two states, and vaccinated and unvaccinated districts during two study periods. We also considered secondary data from public health services to understand long-term trends from 2007 to 2020.
Results
The annual AES incidence rate of 2.25 cases per 100,000 children in Maharashtra during 2018–2020 was significantly lower than 3.36 cases per 100,000 children during 2015–2016. The six JE-vaccinated districts in Maharashtra had significantly lower incidence rates during 2018–2020 (2.03, 95% CI 1.73–2.37) than in 2015–16 (3.26, 2.86–3.70). In addition, the incidence of both JE and AES in two unvaccinated districts was higher than in the vaccinated districts in Maharashtra. Telangana had a lower incidence of both JE and AES than Maharashtra. The AES incidence rate of 0.95 (0.77–1.17) during 2018–2020 in Telangana was significantly lower than 1.67 (1.41–1.97) during 2015–2016.
Conclusions
The annual incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis was < 1 case per 100,000 children. It indicated accelerated control of Japanese encephalitis after routine immunization. However, the annual incidence of acute encephalitis syndrome was still > 1 case per 100,000 children. It highlights the need for improving surveillance and evaluating the impacts of vaccination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2210-6014</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2210-6006</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2210-6014</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00110-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37162636</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Acute Febrile Encephalopathy - epidemiology ; Central India ; Child ; Encephalitis, Japanese - epidemiology ; Encephalitis, Japanese - prevention & control ; Hospitalization ; Hospitalization rates ; Humans ; Impact assessment ; Incidence ; Incidence estimates ; India - epidemiology ; Infectious encephalitis ; Japanese encephalitis ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Research Article</subject><ispartof>Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 2023-06, Vol.13 (2), p.173-179</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2023</rights><rights>2023. The Author(s).</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c464t-b94036d08394df165df56e73762d4dd92430e5ab9a4dbea8a8140c73270cbd293</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0468-4879</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10271976/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10271976/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37162636$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tandale, Babasaheb V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deshmukh, Pravin S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomar, Shilpa J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narang, Rahul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qazi, Mohiuddin S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goteti Venkata, Padmaja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Manish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Dipty</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guduru, Vijay Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Jyoti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gosavi, Rajesh V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deshmukh, Pradeep R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raut, Abhishek V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narlawar, Uday W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jha, Punam Kumari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bondre, Vijay P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sapkal, Gajanan N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Damle, Rekha G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khude, Poornima M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niswade, Abhimanyu K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talapalliwar, Manoj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rathod, Pragati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balla, Padmini Soujanya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muttineni, Pavan Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</creatorcontrib><title>Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India</title><title>Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health</title><addtitle>J Epidemiol Glob Health</addtitle><addtitle>J Epidemiol Glob Health</addtitle><description>Background
We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.
Methods
We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and Telangana States during 2015–2016 and 2018–2020. We estimated incidence and compared differences in the incidence of JE and AES between two states, and vaccinated and unvaccinated districts during two study periods. We also considered secondary data from public health services to understand long-term trends from 2007 to 2020.
Results
The annual AES incidence rate of 2.25 cases per 100,000 children in Maharashtra during 2018–2020 was significantly lower than 3.36 cases per 100,000 children during 2015–2016. The six JE-vaccinated districts in Maharashtra had significantly lower incidence rates during 2018–2020 (2.03, 95% CI 1.73–2.37) than in 2015–16 (3.26, 2.86–3.70). In addition, the incidence of both JE and AES in two unvaccinated districts was higher than in the vaccinated districts in Maharashtra. Telangana had a lower incidence of both JE and AES than Maharashtra. The AES incidence rate of 0.95 (0.77–1.17) during 2018–2020 in Telangana was significantly lower than 1.67 (1.41–1.97) during 2015–2016.
Conclusions
The annual incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis was < 1 case per 100,000 children. It indicated accelerated control of Japanese encephalitis after routine immunization. However, the annual incidence of acute encephalitis syndrome was still > 1 case per 100,000 children. It highlights the need for improving surveillance and evaluating the impacts of vaccination.</description><subject>Acute Febrile Encephalopathy - epidemiology</subject><subject>Central India</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Encephalitis, Japanese - epidemiology</subject><subject>Encephalitis, Japanese - prevention & control</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Hospitalization rates</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Impact assessment</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Incidence estimates</subject><subject>India - epidemiology</subject><subject>Infectious encephalitis</subject><subject>Japanese encephalitis</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><issn>2210-6014</issn><issn>2210-6006</issn><issn>2210-6014</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kctuFDEQRVsIRKKQH2CB_AMNfrXdXqFoNJBBQUg81la1XT3jaNoe2T1IyY4_x0lDlLBg5dK9Vads36Z5zehbRql-V6RkRreUi5ZSxmirnzWnnNdCUSafP6pPmvNSwkClNKaTVLxsToRmiiuhTptfm-iCx-iQpJF8ggNELEjWVTjsYB_mUAhETy7ccf5H_nYTfU4TkstUDmGu6i3MIcVCQiTzDsln9OE4tevocQqOfMVtde_MFcY5w55sog_wqnkxwr7g-Z_zrPnxYf19ddleffm4WV1ctU4qObeDqVdXnvbCSD8y1fmxU6iFVtxL7w2XgmIHgwHpB4Qeeiap04Jr6gbPjThrNgvXJ7i2hxwmyDc2QbD3QspbC3kObo8WRtHrrhcUHEoEPTDf96YbtOk998Ar6_3COhyHCb1b3vME-tSJYWe36adllOsam6oEvhBcTqVkHB-GGbV3AdslYFsDtvcBW12H3jxe-zDyN87aIJaGUq24xWyv0zHH-q3_w_4GG0Szag</recordid><startdate>20230601</startdate><enddate>20230601</enddate><creator>Tandale, Babasaheb V.</creator><creator>Deshmukh, Pravin S.</creator><creator>Tomar, Shilpa J.</creator><creator>Narang, Rahul</creator><creator>Qazi, Mohiuddin S.</creator><creator>Goteti Venkata, Padmaja</creator><creator>Jain, Manish</creator><creator>Jain, Dipty</creator><creator>Guduru, Vijay Kumar</creator><creator>Jain, Jyoti</creator><creator>Gosavi, Rajesh V.</creator><creator>Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar</creator><creator>Deshmukh, Pradeep R.</creator><creator>Raut, Abhishek V.</creator><creator>Narlawar, Uday W.</creator><creator>Jha, Punam Kumari</creator><creator>Bondre, Vijay P.</creator><creator>Sapkal, Gajanan N.</creator><creator>Damle, Rekha G.</creator><creator>Khude, Poornima M.</creator><creator>Niswade, Abhimanyu K.</creator><creator>Talapalliwar, Manoj</creator><creator>Rathod, Pragati</creator><creator>Balla, Padmini Soujanya</creator><creator>Muttineni, Pavan Kumar</creator><creator>Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar</creator><creator>Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-4879</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230601</creationdate><title>Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India</title><author>Tandale, Babasaheb V. ; Deshmukh, Pravin S. ; Tomar, Shilpa J. ; Narang, Rahul ; Qazi, Mohiuddin S. ; Goteti Venkata, Padmaja ; Jain, Manish ; Jain, Dipty ; Guduru, Vijay Kumar ; Jain, Jyoti ; Gosavi, Rajesh V. ; Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar ; Deshmukh, Pradeep R. ; Raut, Abhishek V. ; Narlawar, Uday W. ; Jha, Punam Kumari ; Bondre, Vijay P. ; Sapkal, Gajanan N. ; Damle, Rekha G. ; Khude, Poornima M. ; Niswade, Abhimanyu K. ; Talapalliwar, Manoj ; Rathod, Pragati ; Balla, Padmini Soujanya ; Muttineni, Pavan Kumar ; Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar ; Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c464t-b94036d08394df165df56e73762d4dd92430e5ab9a4dbea8a8140c73270cbd293</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Acute Febrile Encephalopathy - epidemiology</topic><topic>Central India</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Encephalitis, Japanese - epidemiology</topic><topic>Encephalitis, Japanese - prevention & control</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Hospitalization rates</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Impact assessment</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Incidence estimates</topic><topic>India - epidemiology</topic><topic>Infectious encephalitis</topic><topic>Japanese encephalitis</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tandale, Babasaheb V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deshmukh, Pravin S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomar, Shilpa J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narang, Rahul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qazi, Mohiuddin S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goteti Venkata, Padmaja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Manish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Dipty</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guduru, Vijay Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Jyoti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gosavi, Rajesh V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deshmukh, Pradeep R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raut, Abhishek V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narlawar, Uday W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jha, Punam Kumari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bondre, Vijay P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sapkal, Gajanan N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Damle, Rekha G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khude, Poornima M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niswade, Abhimanyu K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talapalliwar, Manoj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rathod, Pragati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balla, Padmini Soujanya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muttineni, Pavan Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tandale, Babasaheb V.</au><au>Deshmukh, Pravin S.</au><au>Tomar, Shilpa J.</au><au>Narang, Rahul</au><au>Qazi, Mohiuddin S.</au><au>Goteti Venkata, Padmaja</au><au>Jain, Manish</au><au>Jain, Dipty</au><au>Guduru, Vijay Kumar</au><au>Jain, Jyoti</au><au>Gosavi, Rajesh V.</au><au>Valupadas, Chandra Sekhar</au><au>Deshmukh, Pradeep R.</au><au>Raut, Abhishek V.</au><au>Narlawar, Uday W.</au><au>Jha, Punam Kumari</au><au>Bondre, Vijay P.</au><au>Sapkal, Gajanan N.</au><au>Damle, Rekha G.</au><au>Khude, Poornima M.</au><au>Niswade, Abhimanyu K.</au><au>Talapalliwar, Manoj</au><au>Rathod, Pragati</au><au>Balla, Padmini Soujanya</au><au>Muttineni, Pavan Kumar</au><au>Kalepally Janakiram, Kishore Kumar</au><au>Rajderkar, Shekhar S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health</jtitle><stitle>J Epidemiol Glob Health</stitle><addtitle>J Epidemiol Glob Health</addtitle><date>2023-06-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>173</spage><epage>179</epage><pages>173-179</pages><issn>2210-6014</issn><issn>2210-6006</issn><eissn>2210-6014</eissn><abstract>Background
We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.
Methods
We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and Telangana States during 2015–2016 and 2018–2020. We estimated incidence and compared differences in the incidence of JE and AES between two states, and vaccinated and unvaccinated districts during two study periods. We also considered secondary data from public health services to understand long-term trends from 2007 to 2020.
Results
The annual AES incidence rate of 2.25 cases per 100,000 children in Maharashtra during 2018–2020 was significantly lower than 3.36 cases per 100,000 children during 2015–2016. The six JE-vaccinated districts in Maharashtra had significantly lower incidence rates during 2018–2020 (2.03, 95% CI 1.73–2.37) than in 2015–16 (3.26, 2.86–3.70). In addition, the incidence of both JE and AES in two unvaccinated districts was higher than in the vaccinated districts in Maharashtra. Telangana had a lower incidence of both JE and AES than Maharashtra. The AES incidence rate of 0.95 (0.77–1.17) during 2018–2020 in Telangana was significantly lower than 1.67 (1.41–1.97) during 2015–2016.
Conclusions
The annual incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis was < 1 case per 100,000 children. It indicated accelerated control of Japanese encephalitis after routine immunization. However, the annual incidence of acute encephalitis syndrome was still > 1 case per 100,000 children. It highlights the need for improving surveillance and evaluating the impacts of vaccination.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>37162636</pmid><doi>10.1007/s44197-023-00110-7</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-4879</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2210-6014 |
| ispartof | Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 2023-06, Vol.13 (2), p.173-179 |
| issn | 2210-6014 2210-6006 2210-6014 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings; PubMed Central Open Access; Springer Nature OA Free Journals |
| subjects | Acute Febrile Encephalopathy - epidemiology Central India Child Encephalitis, Japanese - epidemiology Encephalitis, Japanese - prevention & control Hospitalization Hospitalization rates Humans Impact assessment Incidence Incidence estimates India - epidemiology Infectious encephalitis Japanese encephalitis Medicine Medicine & Public Health Research Article |
| title | Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-03T18%3A15%3A40IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-pubmed_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Incidence%20of%20Japanese%20Encephalitis%20and%20Acute%20Encephalitis%20Syndrome%20Hospitalizations%20in%20the%20Medium-Endemic%20Region%20in%20Central%20India&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20Epidemiology%20and%20Global%20Health&rft.au=Tandale,%20Babasaheb%20V.&rft.date=2023-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.epage=179&rft.pages=173-179&rft.issn=2210-6014&rft.eissn=2210-6014&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s44197-023-00110-7&rft_dat=%3Cpubmed_doaj_%3E37162636%3C/pubmed_doaj_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/37162636&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_af3875830ace4ea7b1d8895b798d2da2&rfr_iscdi=true |