Larvicidal Activities of Allium sativum L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. Extracts against Filariasis Vectors in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia
Mosquitoes present an immense threat to millions of people worldwide and act as vectors for filariasis disease. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts against filariasis vectors. The larvae were collected from the breeding site by us...
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| description | Mosquitoes present an immense threat to millions of people worldwide and act as vectors for filariasis disease. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts against filariasis vectors. The larvae were collected from the breeding site by using standard procedures for identification and larvicidal activities. Twenty grams (20 g) from each (Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale) were extracted separately by aqueous, ethanol, and methanol solvents. The phytochemical analysis was determined in the crude sample by using standard methods. Then, larvicidal effects were determined by introducing 10 larvae of the vectors to the concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm, and 750 ppm of the crude sample, and data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the LC50 and Chi-squared test to check the significance of the mortality by R software. Anopheles funestus, Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles pharoensis, Culex antennatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus were the filariasis vectors identified during the study period. The presence of phytochemical tests such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, saponin, steroids, tannin, and terpenes was obtained. The larvicidal effects of the selected plant extracts ranged from 0%-100%. The lowest LC50 (53 ppm) was observed for A. sativum methanol test extract against Cx. quinquefasciatus. Ethanol extracts of A. sativum have a significant effect on An. funestus (X2=7.5, p=0.02352) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (X2=10.833, p=0.0.0044), whereas aqueous extracts have a significant effect only on An. gambiae s.l. (X2=7.0807, p=0.029. Ethanol extracts of Z. officinale have a significant effect only on the mortality of An. pharoensis (X2=7.0807, p=0.029), but methanol and aqueous extracts have no significant effect against filariasis vectors. In conclusion, A. sativum have a high toxic effect than Z. officinale extract against filariasis vectors in all type of solvents. So using those plant extracts is the best to reduce the risk of the synthetic chemical on nontarget organisms and the environment, in addition to the control of mosquito-borne diseases, but further studies will be conducted to evaluate the toxicity at different stages of the vectors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2023/6636837 |
| format | Article |
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Extracts against Filariasis Vectors in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Open Access</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><creator>Assemie, Anmut ; Gemeda, Temam</creator><contributor>Husain, Kazim</contributor><creatorcontrib>Assemie, Anmut ; Gemeda, Temam ; Husain, Kazim</creatorcontrib><description>Mosquitoes present an immense threat to millions of people worldwide and act as vectors for filariasis disease. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts against filariasis vectors. The larvae were collected from the breeding site by using standard procedures for identification and larvicidal activities. Twenty grams (20 g) from each (Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale) were extracted separately by aqueous, ethanol, and methanol solvents. The phytochemical analysis was determined in the crude sample by using standard methods. Then, larvicidal effects were determined by introducing 10 larvae of the vectors to the concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm, and 750 ppm of the crude sample, and data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the LC50 and Chi-squared test to check the significance of the mortality by R software. Anopheles funestus, Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles pharoensis, Culex antennatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus were the filariasis vectors identified during the study period. The presence of phytochemical tests such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, saponin, steroids, tannin, and terpenes was obtained. The larvicidal effects of the selected plant extracts ranged from 0%-100%. The lowest LC50 (53 ppm) was observed for A. sativum methanol test extract against Cx. quinquefasciatus. Ethanol extracts of A. sativum have a significant effect on An. funestus (X2=7.5, p=0.02352) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (X2=10.833, p=0.0.0044), whereas aqueous extracts have a significant effect only on An. gambiae s.l. (X2=7.0807, p=0.029. Ethanol extracts of Z. officinale have a significant effect only on the mortality of An. pharoensis (X2=7.0807, p=0.029), but methanol and aqueous extracts have no significant effect against filariasis vectors. In conclusion, A. sativum have a high toxic effect than Z. officinale extract against filariasis vectors in all type of solvents. So using those plant extracts is the best to reduce the risk of the synthetic chemical on nontarget organisms and the environment, in addition to the control of mosquito-borne diseases, but further studies will be conducted to evaluate the toxicity at different stages of the vectors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2314-6133</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2314-6141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2023/6636837</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37292452</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Aedes ; Allium sativum ; Animals ; Anopheles ; Anopheles gambiae ; Anthraquinones ; Bioassays ; Breeding sites ; Chi-square test ; Culex ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Dengue fever ; Ethanol ; Ethanol - pharmacology ; Ethiopia ; Filariasis ; Flavonoids ; Garlic ; Ginger ; Glycosides ; Humans ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - chemistry ; Insecticides - pharmacology ; Larva ; Larvae ; Larvicides ; Methanol ; Mortality ; Mosquito Vectors ; Mosquitoes ; Nontarget organisms ; Pesticides ; Phenols ; Phytochemicals ; Phytochemicals - analysis ; Phytochemicals - pharmacology ; Plant Breeding ; Plant extracts ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; Reagents ; Saponins ; Sea level ; Software ; Solvents ; Steroid hormones ; Terpenes ; Toxicity ; Tropical diseases ; Vector-borne diseases ; Vectors ; Zingiber officinale</subject><ispartof>BioMed research international, 2023, Vol.2023 (1), p.6636837-6636837</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2023 Anmut Assemie and Temam Gemeda.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Anmut Assemie and Temam Gemeda. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Anmut Assemie and Temam Gemeda. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-863fa499093fca493241cfb8a9f14dbce1c0cc6440ad7dd8b129a1e49a00dfcb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-863fa499093fca493241cfb8a9f14dbce1c0cc6440ad7dd8b129a1e49a00dfcb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6338-349X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247325/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247325/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,4010,27900,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37292452$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Husain, Kazim</contributor><creatorcontrib>Assemie, Anmut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gemeda, Temam</creatorcontrib><title>Larvicidal Activities of Allium sativum L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. Extracts against Filariasis Vectors in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia</title><title>BioMed research international</title><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><description>Mosquitoes present an immense threat to millions of people worldwide and act as vectors for filariasis disease. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts against filariasis vectors. The larvae were collected from the breeding site by using standard procedures for identification and larvicidal activities. Twenty grams (20 g) from each (Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale) were extracted separately by aqueous, ethanol, and methanol solvents. The phytochemical analysis was determined in the crude sample by using standard methods. Then, larvicidal effects were determined by introducing 10 larvae of the vectors to the concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm, and 750 ppm of the crude sample, and data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the LC50 and Chi-squared test to check the significance of the mortality by R software. Anopheles funestus, Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles pharoensis, Culex antennatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus were the filariasis vectors identified during the study period. The presence of phytochemical tests such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, saponin, steroids, tannin, and terpenes was obtained. The larvicidal effects of the selected plant extracts ranged from 0%-100%. The lowest LC50 (53 ppm) was observed for A. sativum methanol test extract against Cx. quinquefasciatus. Ethanol extracts of A. sativum have a significant effect on An. funestus (X2=7.5, p=0.02352) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (X2=10.833, p=0.0.0044), whereas aqueous extracts have a significant effect only on An. gambiae s.l. (X2=7.0807, p=0.029. Ethanol extracts of Z. officinale have a significant effect only on the mortality of An. pharoensis (X2=7.0807, p=0.029), but methanol and aqueous extracts have no significant effect against filariasis vectors. In conclusion, A. sativum have a high toxic effect than Z. officinale extract against filariasis vectors in all type of solvents. So using those plant extracts is the best to reduce the risk of the synthetic chemical on nontarget organisms and the environment, in addition to the control of mosquito-borne diseases, but further studies will be conducted to evaluate the toxicity at different stages of the vectors.</description><subject>Aedes</subject><subject>Allium sativum</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anopheles</subject><subject>Anopheles gambiae</subject><subject>Anthraquinones</subject><subject>Bioassays</subject><subject>Breeding sites</subject><subject>Chi-square test</subject><subject>Culex</subject><subject>Culex quinquefasciatus</subject><subject>Dengue fever</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Ethanol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Ethiopia</subject><subject>Filariasis</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Garlic</subject><subject>Ginger</subject><subject>Glycosides</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Insecticides - chemistry</subject><subject>Insecticides - pharmacology</subject><subject>Larva</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Larvicides</subject><subject>Methanol</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mosquito Vectors</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Nontarget organisms</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Phytochemicals</subject><subject>Phytochemicals - analysis</subject><subject>Phytochemicals - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Breeding</subject><subject>Plant extracts</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - chemistry</subject><subject>Reagents</subject><subject>Saponins</subject><subject>Sea level</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Steroid hormones</subject><subject>Terpenes</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Tropical diseases</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><subject>Vectors</subject><subject>Zingiber officinale</subject><issn>2314-6133</issn><issn>2314-6141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1rGzEQhpfS0oQ0t5yLoJdCY0df-3UqJjhNwVAoTQ65iFlJa0-QJVfadZsf0P9dGTum7aG6zDB69PKO3qK4YHTKWFleccrFVVWJqhH1i-KUCyYnFZPs5bEX4qQ4T-mR5tOwirbV6-JE1LzlsuSnxa8FxC1qNODITA-4xQFtIqEnM-dwXJMEeZjrYkrAG_KAfomdjZno8zMPzpKvIekpmf8cIughEVgC-jSQG3QQERImcm_1EGIi6MktGHwC8hC8vSTzYYVhg_CmeNWDS_b8UM-Ku5v5t-vbyeLLp8_Xs8VES9kOk6YSPci2pa3odW4El0z3XQNtz6TptGWaal1JScHUxjQd4y0wK1ug1PS6E2fFx73uZuzW1mjrs2enNhHXEJ9UAFR_33hcqWXYKka5rAUvs8L7g0IM30ebBrXGpK1z4G0Yk-INl1UjWbND3_2DPoYx5h_bU2VZNnWdqcs9pWNIKdr-6IZRtctY7TJWh4wz_vbPDY7wc6IZ-LAHVugN_MD_y_0Gqq-wAg</recordid><startdate>2023</startdate><enddate>2023</enddate><creator>Assemie, Anmut</creator><creator>Gemeda, Temam</creator><general>Hindawi</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-349X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2023</creationdate><title>Larvicidal Activities of Allium sativum L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. Extracts against Filariasis Vectors in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia</title><author>Assemie, Anmut ; Gemeda, Temam</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-863fa499093fca493241cfb8a9f14dbce1c0cc6440ad7dd8b129a1e49a00dfcb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aedes</topic><topic>Allium sativum</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anopheles</topic><topic>Anopheles gambiae</topic><topic>Anthraquinones</topic><topic>Bioassays</topic><topic>Breeding sites</topic><topic>Chi-square test</topic><topic>Culex</topic><topic>Culex quinquefasciatus</topic><topic>Dengue fever</topic><topic>Ethanol</topic><topic>Ethanol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Ethiopia</topic><topic>Filariasis</topic><topic>Flavonoids</topic><topic>Garlic</topic><topic>Ginger</topic><topic>Glycosides</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Insecticides - chemistry</topic><topic>Insecticides - pharmacology</topic><topic>Larva</topic><topic>Larvae</topic><topic>Larvicides</topic><topic>Methanol</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mosquito Vectors</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Nontarget organisms</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Phytochemicals</topic><topic>Phytochemicals - analysis</topic><topic>Phytochemicals - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Breeding</topic><topic>Plant extracts</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - chemistry</topic><topic>Reagents</topic><topic>Saponins</topic><topic>Sea level</topic><topic>Software</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Steroid hormones</topic><topic>Terpenes</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Tropical diseases</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><topic>Vectors</topic><topic>Zingiber officinale</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Assemie, Anmut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gemeda, Temam</creatorcontrib><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Assemie, Anmut</au><au>Gemeda, Temam</au><au>Husain, Kazim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Larvicidal Activities of Allium sativum L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. Extracts against Filariasis Vectors in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia</atitle><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><date>2023</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>2023</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>6636837</spage><epage>6636837</epage><pages>6636837-6636837</pages><issn>2314-6133</issn><eissn>2314-6141</eissn><abstract>Mosquitoes present an immense threat to millions of people worldwide and act as vectors for filariasis disease. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts against filariasis vectors. The larvae were collected from the breeding site by using standard procedures for identification and larvicidal activities. Twenty grams (20 g) from each (Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale) were extracted separately by aqueous, ethanol, and methanol solvents. The phytochemical analysis was determined in the crude sample by using standard methods. Then, larvicidal effects were determined by introducing 10 larvae of the vectors to the concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm, and 750 ppm of the crude sample, and data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the LC50 and Chi-squared test to check the significance of the mortality by R software. Anopheles funestus, Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles pharoensis, Culex antennatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus were the filariasis vectors identified during the study period. The presence of phytochemical tests such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, saponin, steroids, tannin, and terpenes was obtained. The larvicidal effects of the selected plant extracts ranged from 0%-100%. The lowest LC50 (53 ppm) was observed for A. sativum methanol test extract against Cx. quinquefasciatus. Ethanol extracts of A. sativum have a significant effect on An. funestus (X2=7.5, p=0.02352) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (X2=10.833, p=0.0.0044), whereas aqueous extracts have a significant effect only on An. gambiae s.l. (X2=7.0807, p=0.029. Ethanol extracts of Z. officinale have a significant effect only on the mortality of An. pharoensis (X2=7.0807, p=0.029), but methanol and aqueous extracts have no significant effect against filariasis vectors. In conclusion, A. sativum have a high toxic effect than Z. officinale extract against filariasis vectors in all type of solvents. So using those plant extracts is the best to reduce the risk of the synthetic chemical on nontarget organisms and the environment, in addition to the control of mosquito-borne diseases, but further studies will be conducted to evaluate the toxicity at different stages of the vectors.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Hindawi</pub><pmid>37292452</pmid><doi>10.1155/2023/6636837</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-349X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 2314-6133 |
| ispartof | BioMed research international, 2023, Vol.2023 (1), p.6636837-6636837 |
| issn | 2314-6133 2314-6141 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10247325 |
| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Open Access; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Aedes Allium sativum Animals Anopheles Anopheles gambiae Anthraquinones Bioassays Breeding sites Chi-square test Culex Culex quinquefasciatus Dengue fever Ethanol Ethanol - pharmacology Ethiopia Filariasis Flavonoids Garlic Ginger Glycosides Humans Insecticides Insecticides - chemistry Insecticides - pharmacology Larva Larvae Larvicides Methanol Mortality Mosquito Vectors Mosquitoes Nontarget organisms Pesticides Phenols Phytochemicals Phytochemicals - analysis Phytochemicals - pharmacology Plant Breeding Plant extracts Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Leaves - chemistry Reagents Saponins Sea level Software Solvents Steroid hormones Terpenes Toxicity Tropical diseases Vector-borne diseases Vectors Zingiber officinale |
| title | Larvicidal Activities of Allium sativum L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. Extracts against Filariasis Vectors in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-09T21%3A29%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Larvicidal%20Activities%20of%20Allium%20sativum%20L.%20and%20Zingiber%20officinale%20Rosc.%20Extracts%20against%20Filariasis%20Vectors%20in%20Hadiya%20Zone,%20Ethiopia&rft.jtitle=BioMed%20research%20international&rft.au=Assemie,%20Anmut&rft.date=2023&rft.volume=2023&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=6636837&rft.epage=6636837&rft.pages=6636837-6636837&rft.issn=2314-6133&rft.eissn=2314-6141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155/2023/6636837&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2824684185%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2824555877&rft_id=info:pmid/37292452&rfr_iscdi=true |