Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer
Basalt fibers (BFs) are environmentally friendly materials characterized by high strength and good wear resistance, and thus are popular candidates for reinforcing polymers. Herein, polyamide 6 (PA 6), BFs, and the styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer were melt compounded sequentially...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2023-04, Vol.16 (8), p.3237 |
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| description | Basalt fibers (BFs) are environmentally friendly materials characterized by high strength and good wear resistance, and thus are popular candidates for reinforcing polymers. Herein, polyamide 6 (PA 6), BFs, and the styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer were melt compounded sequentially to prepare fiber-reinforced PA 6-based composites. The results showed improved mechanical and tribological performances via the incorporation of BFs and SEBS into PA 6. Compared to neat PA 6, an average 83% increase in notched impact strength was achieved for the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites, which is mainly due to the good miscibility between SEBS and PA 6. The tensile strength of the composites, however, was only increased moderately, since the weak interfacial adhesion was not sufficiently efficient to transfer the load from the PA 6 matrix to the BFs. Interestingly, the wear rates of both the PA 6/SEBS blend and the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites were obviously lower than those of the neat PA 6. The PA 6/SEBS/BF composite with 10 wt.% of the BFs exhibited the lowest wear rate of 2.7 × 10
mm
/N·m, which was decreased by 95% compared to that of the neat PA 6. The facilitation of forming tribo-film with SEBS and the naturally good wear resistance of the BFs were responsible for the largely decreased wear rate. Moreover, the incorporation of SEBS and BFs into the PA 6 matrix transformed the wear mechanism from adhesive wear to abrasive wear. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma16083237 |
| format | Article |
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mm
/N·m, which was decreased by 95% compared to that of the neat PA 6. The facilitation of forming tribo-film with SEBS and the naturally good wear resistance of the BFs were responsible for the largely decreased wear rate. Moreover, the incorporation of SEBS and BFs into the PA 6 matrix transformed the wear mechanism from adhesive wear to abrasive wear.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16083237</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37110073</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>3-D printers ; Abrasive wear ; Basalt ; Butylene ; Copolymers ; Engineering ; Ethylene ; Fiber composites ; Fiber reinforced polymers ; Friction ; Impact strength ; Incorporation ; Mechanical properties ; Miscibility ; Polyamide resins ; Polyamides ; Polymers ; Rheology ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Styrenes ; Tensile strength ; Tribology ; Wear mechanisms ; Wear rate ; Wear resistance</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-04, Vol.16 (8), p.3237</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-236cabe7cc481def991e0467d6a8afddf5176dcc899a683cde2ae86f680c7a8c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-236cabe7cc481def991e0467d6a8afddf5176dcc899a683cde2ae86f680c7a8c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10147082/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10147082/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37110073$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Qiaolie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Bin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Xiangde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Huimei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Hongwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yuan</creatorcontrib><title>Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>Basalt fibers (BFs) are environmentally friendly materials characterized by high strength and good wear resistance, and thus are popular candidates for reinforcing polymers. Herein, polyamide 6 (PA 6), BFs, and the styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer were melt compounded sequentially to prepare fiber-reinforced PA 6-based composites. The results showed improved mechanical and tribological performances via the incorporation of BFs and SEBS into PA 6. Compared to neat PA 6, an average 83% increase in notched impact strength was achieved for the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites, which is mainly due to the good miscibility between SEBS and PA 6. The tensile strength of the composites, however, was only increased moderately, since the weak interfacial adhesion was not sufficiently efficient to transfer the load from the PA 6 matrix to the BFs. Interestingly, the wear rates of both the PA 6/SEBS blend and the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites were obviously lower than those of the neat PA 6. The PA 6/SEBS/BF composite with 10 wt.% of the BFs exhibited the lowest wear rate of 2.7 × 10
mm
/N·m, which was decreased by 95% compared to that of the neat PA 6. The facilitation of forming tribo-film with SEBS and the naturally good wear resistance of the BFs were responsible for the largely decreased wear rate. Moreover, the incorporation of SEBS and BFs into the PA 6 matrix transformed the wear mechanism from adhesive wear to abrasive wear.</description><subject>3-D printers</subject><subject>Abrasive wear</subject><subject>Basalt</subject><subject>Butylene</subject><subject>Copolymers</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Ethylene</subject><subject>Fiber composites</subject><subject>Fiber reinforced polymers</subject><subject>Friction</subject><subject>Impact strength</subject><subject>Incorporation</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Miscibility</subject><subject>Polyamide resins</subject><subject>Polyamides</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Rheology</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Styrenes</subject><subject>Tensile strength</subject><subject>Tribology</subject><subject>Wear mechanisms</subject><subject>Wear rate</subject><subject>Wear resistance</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdks1u1DAQxyMEolXphQdAkbigqil27PXHCbWrFpBasRLlHM3ak11Xib3YSaV9MN4PR1lKwT547PnNf8b2FMVbSi4Y0-RjD1QQxWomXxTHVGtRUc35y2f2UXGa0gPJgzGqav26OGKSUkIkOy5-3TkTQxriaIYxQnde3qHZgndmssHb8j66dejCZjopVxjbEHvwBlMZ2nIZ-l1Ibsi7VcQdRLTlo4Ms0g2zc_TW-c3ErkK3h95ZLMV5eQUJMnLj1hjTnOj7sI_osboetvtuMq7GYTYOniy4yxo9xjfFqxa6hKeH9aT4cXN9v_xS3X77_HV5eVsZzsVQ1UwYWKM0hitqsdWaIuFCWgEKWmvbBZXCGqO0BqGYsVgDKtEKRYwEZdhJ8WnW3Y3rHq1BP-Q3anbR9RD3TQDX_OvxbttswmNDCeWSqDorfDgoxPBzxDQ0vUsGuw48hjE1tSJS5zprndH3_6EPYYw-32-ixEIKxReZupipDXTYON-GnNjkabF3JnhsXT6_lFxyQQlXOeBsDpj-OUVsn8qnpJlaqPnbQhl-9_zCT-ifhmG_AcZbxWc</recordid><startdate>20230419</startdate><enddate>20230419</enddate><creator>Zheng, Qiaolie</creator><creator>Wang, Bin</creator><creator>Li, Xiping</creator><creator>Xiao, Xiangde</creator><creator>Jin, Huimei</creator><creator>Zhang, Hongwei</creator><creator>Zhao, Yuan</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230419</creationdate><title>Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer</title><author>Zheng, Qiaolie ; Wang, Bin ; Li, Xiping ; Xiao, Xiangde ; Jin, Huimei ; Zhang, Hongwei ; Zhao, Yuan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-236cabe7cc481def991e0467d6a8afddf5176dcc899a683cde2ae86f680c7a8c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>3-D printers</topic><topic>Abrasive wear</topic><topic>Basalt</topic><topic>Butylene</topic><topic>Copolymers</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Ethylene</topic><topic>Fiber composites</topic><topic>Fiber reinforced polymers</topic><topic>Friction</topic><topic>Impact strength</topic><topic>Incorporation</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Miscibility</topic><topic>Polyamide resins</topic><topic>Polyamides</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Rheology</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Styrenes</topic><topic>Tensile strength</topic><topic>Tribology</topic><topic>Wear mechanisms</topic><topic>Wear rate</topic><topic>Wear resistance</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Qiaolie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Bin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Xiangde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Huimei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Hongwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yuan</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zheng, Qiaolie</au><au>Wang, Bin</au><au>Li, Xiping</au><au>Xiao, Xiangde</au><au>Jin, Huimei</au><au>Zhang, Hongwei</au><au>Zhao, Yuan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-04-19</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>3237</spage><pages>3237-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>Basalt fibers (BFs) are environmentally friendly materials characterized by high strength and good wear resistance, and thus are popular candidates for reinforcing polymers. Herein, polyamide 6 (PA 6), BFs, and the styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer were melt compounded sequentially to prepare fiber-reinforced PA 6-based composites. The results showed improved mechanical and tribological performances via the incorporation of BFs and SEBS into PA 6. Compared to neat PA 6, an average 83% increase in notched impact strength was achieved for the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites, which is mainly due to the good miscibility between SEBS and PA 6. The tensile strength of the composites, however, was only increased moderately, since the weak interfacial adhesion was not sufficiently efficient to transfer the load from the PA 6 matrix to the BFs. Interestingly, the wear rates of both the PA 6/SEBS blend and the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites were obviously lower than those of the neat PA 6. The PA 6/SEBS/BF composite with 10 wt.% of the BFs exhibited the lowest wear rate of 2.7 × 10
mm
/N·m, which was decreased by 95% compared to that of the neat PA 6. The facilitation of forming tribo-film with SEBS and the naturally good wear resistance of the BFs were responsible for the largely decreased wear rate. Moreover, the incorporation of SEBS and BFs into the PA 6 matrix transformed the wear mechanism from adhesive wear to abrasive wear.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37110073</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma16083237</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 3-D printers Abrasive wear Basalt Butylene Copolymers Engineering Ethylene Fiber composites Fiber reinforced polymers Friction Impact strength Incorporation Mechanical properties Miscibility Polyamide resins Polyamides Polymers Rheology Scanning electron microscopy Styrenes Tensile strength Tribology Wear mechanisms Wear rate Wear resistance |
| title | Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer |
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