Measurement and Classification Criteria of Strength Decrease Rate and Brittleness Indicator Index for Rockburst Proneness Evaluation of Hard Rocks
Rockburst is one of the common geological hazards. It is of great significance to study the evaluation indexes and classification criteria of the bursting liability of hard rocks, which is important for the prediction and prevention of rockbursts in hard rocks. In this study, the evaluation of the r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2023-04, Vol.16 (8), p.3101 |
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| description | Rockburst is one of the common geological hazards. It is of great significance to study the evaluation indexes and classification criteria of the bursting liability of hard rocks, which is important for the prediction and prevention of rockbursts in hard rocks. In this study, the evaluation of the rockburst tendency was conducted using two indoor non-energy indexes, namely the brittleness indicator (
2) and the strength decrease rate (
). The measuring methods of
and
as well as the classification criteria were analyzed. Firstly, the most rational calculation formulas for
and
were selected based on previous studies. The
2 equaled to the ratio between the difference and sum of uniaxial compressive strength and Brazilian tensile strength of rocks. The
was the average stress decrease rate of the post-peak stage in uniaxial compression tests and equaled the uniaxial compressive strength dividing the duration time of post-peak rock failure in uniaxial compression tests. Secondly, the uniaxial compression tests of different rock types were designed and carried out, and the change trend of B and
with the increase of loading rate in uniaxial compression tests were studied in detail. The results showed that after the loading rate was greater than 5 mm/min or 100 kN/min, the
value was affected, limited by the loading rate, while the
value was more affected by the strain rate. The displacement control, with a loading rate of 0.1-0.7 mm/min, was recommended for the measurement of
and
. The classification criteria of
2 and
were proposed, and four grades of rockburst tendency were defined for
and
2 according to the test results. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma16083101 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10144335</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A747446323</galeid><sourcerecordid>A747446323</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-2b8f2cdb39c18b501e6a7af61bf3e7dad639b7b76762ba592c1f2d15693bfc4c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdktFuFSEQhjdGY5vaGx_AkHhjTE5dll1Yrkw9VtukRlP1mgzscErdhQps076GTyynW2sVLpjA9__DTKaqntP6gDFZv5mA8rpntKaPql0qJV9R2baPH8Q71X5KF3VZjNG-kU-rHSZoLSXju9WvTwhpjjihzwT8QNYjpOSsM5Bd8GQdXcbogARLvuaIfpPPyXs0sciQnEHGW9W7guURPaZETvywVYe4jfCa2BKdBfNDzzFl8iUGv3BHVzDOS5ZifgxxuMXSs-qJhTHh_t25V33_cPRtfbw6_fzxZH14ujJty_Oq0b1tzKCZNLTXXU2RgwDLqbYMxQADZ1ILLbjgjYZONobaZqAdl0xb0xq2V71dfC9nPeFgSgcijOoyugnijQrg1L8v3p2rTbhSpddty1hXHF7dOcTwc8aU1eSSwXEEj2FOqulrIRsmel7Ql_-hF2GOvtS3pXgnOipkoQ4WagMjKudtKIlN2QNOzpTGWVfuD0UrSgtYw4rg9SIwMaQU0d5_n9ZqOx_q73wU-MXDgu_RP9PAfgNBN7gu</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2806575179</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Measurement and Classification Criteria of Strength Decrease Rate and Brittleness Indicator Index for Rockburst Proneness Evaluation of Hard Rocks</title><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Du, Kun ; Yang, Songge ; Zhou, Jian ; Wang, Lichang</creator><creatorcontrib>Du, Kun ; Yang, Songge ; Zhou, Jian ; Wang, Lichang</creatorcontrib><description>Rockburst is one of the common geological hazards. It is of great significance to study the evaluation indexes and classification criteria of the bursting liability of hard rocks, which is important for the prediction and prevention of rockbursts in hard rocks. In this study, the evaluation of the rockburst tendency was conducted using two indoor non-energy indexes, namely the brittleness indicator (
2) and the strength decrease rate (
). The measuring methods of
and
as well as the classification criteria were analyzed. Firstly, the most rational calculation formulas for
and
were selected based on previous studies. The
2 equaled to the ratio between the difference and sum of uniaxial compressive strength and Brazilian tensile strength of rocks. The
was the average stress decrease rate of the post-peak stage in uniaxial compression tests and equaled the uniaxial compressive strength dividing the duration time of post-peak rock failure in uniaxial compression tests. Secondly, the uniaxial compression tests of different rock types were designed and carried out, and the change trend of B and
with the increase of loading rate in uniaxial compression tests were studied in detail. The results showed that after the loading rate was greater than 5 mm/min or 100 kN/min, the
value was affected, limited by the loading rate, while the
value was more affected by the strain rate. The displacement control, with a loading rate of 0.1-0.7 mm/min, was recommended for the measurement of
and
. The classification criteria of
2 and
were proposed, and four grades of rockburst tendency were defined for
and
2 according to the test results.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16083101</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37109936</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Brittleness ; Classification ; Coal mining ; Compression tests ; Compressive strength ; Criteria ; Discriminant analysis ; Energy storage ; Engineering ; Evaluation ; Geological hazards ; Laboratories ; Liability ; Loading rate ; Measurement methods ; Mineral resources ; Rockbursts ; Rocks ; Strain rate ; Tensile strength</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-04, Vol.16 (8), p.3101</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-2b8f2cdb39c18b501e6a7af61bf3e7dad639b7b76762ba592c1f2d15693bfc4c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-2b8f2cdb39c18b501e6a7af61bf3e7dad639b7b76762ba592c1f2d15693bfc4c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4769-4487 ; 0000-0002-8757-1783 ; 0000-0003-4755-8821</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144335/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144335/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37109936$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Du, Kun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Songge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Lichang</creatorcontrib><title>Measurement and Classification Criteria of Strength Decrease Rate and Brittleness Indicator Index for Rockburst Proneness Evaluation of Hard Rocks</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>Rockburst is one of the common geological hazards. It is of great significance to study the evaluation indexes and classification criteria of the bursting liability of hard rocks, which is important for the prediction and prevention of rockbursts in hard rocks. In this study, the evaluation of the rockburst tendency was conducted using two indoor non-energy indexes, namely the brittleness indicator (
2) and the strength decrease rate (
). The measuring methods of
and
as well as the classification criteria were analyzed. Firstly, the most rational calculation formulas for
and
were selected based on previous studies. The
2 equaled to the ratio between the difference and sum of uniaxial compressive strength and Brazilian tensile strength of rocks. The
was the average stress decrease rate of the post-peak stage in uniaxial compression tests and equaled the uniaxial compressive strength dividing the duration time of post-peak rock failure in uniaxial compression tests. Secondly, the uniaxial compression tests of different rock types were designed and carried out, and the change trend of B and
with the increase of loading rate in uniaxial compression tests were studied in detail. The results showed that after the loading rate was greater than 5 mm/min or 100 kN/min, the
value was affected, limited by the loading rate, while the
value was more affected by the strain rate. The displacement control, with a loading rate of 0.1-0.7 mm/min, was recommended for the measurement of
and
. The classification criteria of
2 and
were proposed, and four grades of rockburst tendency were defined for
and
2 according to the test results.</description><subject>Brittleness</subject><subject>Classification</subject><subject>Coal mining</subject><subject>Compression tests</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Criteria</subject><subject>Discriminant analysis</subject><subject>Energy storage</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Geological hazards</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Liability</subject><subject>Loading rate</subject><subject>Measurement methods</subject><subject>Mineral resources</subject><subject>Rockbursts</subject><subject>Rocks</subject><subject>Strain rate</subject><subject>Tensile strength</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdktFuFSEQhjdGY5vaGx_AkHhjTE5dll1Yrkw9VtukRlP1mgzscErdhQps076GTyynW2sVLpjA9__DTKaqntP6gDFZv5mA8rpntKaPql0qJV9R2baPH8Q71X5KF3VZjNG-kU-rHSZoLSXju9WvTwhpjjihzwT8QNYjpOSsM5Bd8GQdXcbogARLvuaIfpPPyXs0sciQnEHGW9W7guURPaZETvywVYe4jfCa2BKdBfNDzzFl8iUGv3BHVzDOS5ZifgxxuMXSs-qJhTHh_t25V33_cPRtfbw6_fzxZH14ujJty_Oq0b1tzKCZNLTXXU2RgwDLqbYMxQADZ1ILLbjgjYZONobaZqAdl0xb0xq2V71dfC9nPeFgSgcijOoyugnijQrg1L8v3p2rTbhSpddty1hXHF7dOcTwc8aU1eSSwXEEj2FOqulrIRsmel7Ql_-hF2GOvtS3pXgnOipkoQ4WagMjKudtKIlN2QNOzpTGWVfuD0UrSgtYw4rg9SIwMaQU0d5_n9ZqOx_q73wU-MXDgu_RP9PAfgNBN7gu</recordid><startdate>20230414</startdate><enddate>20230414</enddate><creator>Du, Kun</creator><creator>Yang, Songge</creator><creator>Zhou, Jian</creator><creator>Wang, Lichang</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-4487</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8757-1783</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8821</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230414</creationdate><title>Measurement and Classification Criteria of Strength Decrease Rate and Brittleness Indicator Index for Rockburst Proneness Evaluation of Hard Rocks</title><author>Du, Kun ; Yang, Songge ; Zhou, Jian ; Wang, Lichang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-2b8f2cdb39c18b501e6a7af61bf3e7dad639b7b76762ba592c1f2d15693bfc4c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Brittleness</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>Coal mining</topic><topic>Compression tests</topic><topic>Compressive strength</topic><topic>Criteria</topic><topic>Discriminant analysis</topic><topic>Energy storage</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Geological hazards</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Liability</topic><topic>Loading rate</topic><topic>Measurement methods</topic><topic>Mineral resources</topic><topic>Rockbursts</topic><topic>Rocks</topic><topic>Strain rate</topic><topic>Tensile strength</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Du, Kun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Songge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Lichang</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Du, Kun</au><au>Yang, Songge</au><au>Zhou, Jian</au><au>Wang, Lichang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Measurement and Classification Criteria of Strength Decrease Rate and Brittleness Indicator Index for Rockburst Proneness Evaluation of Hard Rocks</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-04-14</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>3101</spage><pages>3101-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>Rockburst is one of the common geological hazards. It is of great significance to study the evaluation indexes and classification criteria of the bursting liability of hard rocks, which is important for the prediction and prevention of rockbursts in hard rocks. In this study, the evaluation of the rockburst tendency was conducted using two indoor non-energy indexes, namely the brittleness indicator (
2) and the strength decrease rate (
). The measuring methods of
and
as well as the classification criteria were analyzed. Firstly, the most rational calculation formulas for
and
were selected based on previous studies. The
2 equaled to the ratio between the difference and sum of uniaxial compressive strength and Brazilian tensile strength of rocks. The
was the average stress decrease rate of the post-peak stage in uniaxial compression tests and equaled the uniaxial compressive strength dividing the duration time of post-peak rock failure in uniaxial compression tests. Secondly, the uniaxial compression tests of different rock types were designed and carried out, and the change trend of B and
with the increase of loading rate in uniaxial compression tests were studied in detail. The results showed that after the loading rate was greater than 5 mm/min or 100 kN/min, the
value was affected, limited by the loading rate, while the
value was more affected by the strain rate. The displacement control, with a loading rate of 0.1-0.7 mm/min, was recommended for the measurement of
and
. The classification criteria of
2 and
were proposed, and four grades of rockburst tendency were defined for
and
2 according to the test results.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37109936</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma16083101</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-4487</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8757-1783</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8821</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Materials, 2023-04, Vol.16 (8), p.3101 |
| issn | 1996-1944 1996-1944 |
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| source | PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Brittleness Classification Coal mining Compression tests Compressive strength Criteria Discriminant analysis Energy storage Engineering Evaluation Geological hazards Laboratories Liability Loading rate Measurement methods Mineral resources Rockbursts Rocks Strain rate Tensile strength |
| title | Measurement and Classification Criteria of Strength Decrease Rate and Brittleness Indicator Index for Rockburst Proneness Evaluation of Hard Rocks |
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