Incretins in obesity and diabetes
Incretins are hormones secreted from enteroendocrine cells after nutrient intake that stimulate insulin secretion from β cells in a glucose‐dependent manner. Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are the only two known incretins. Dysregulation of incr...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2020-02, Vol.1461 (1), p.104-126 |
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description | Incretins are hormones secreted from enteroendocrine cells after nutrient intake that stimulate insulin secretion from β cells in a glucose‐dependent manner. Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are the only two known incretins. Dysregulation of incretin secretion and actions are noted in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. In this review, we first summarize our traditional understanding of the physiology of GIP and GLP‐1, and our current knowledge of the relationships between GIP and GLP‐1 and obesity and diabetes. Next, we present the results from major randomized controlled trials on the use of GLP‐1 receptor agonists for managing type 2 diabetes, and emerging data on treating obesity and prediabetes. We conclude with a glimpse of the future with possible complex interactions between nutrients, gut microbiota, the endocannabinoid system, and enteroendocrine cells. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/nyas.14211 |
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Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are the only two known incretins. Dysregulation of incretin secretion and actions are noted in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. In this review, we first summarize our traditional understanding of the physiology of GIP and GLP‐1, and our current knowledge of the relationships between GIP and GLP‐1 and obesity and diabetes. Next, we present the results from major randomized controlled trials on the use of GLP‐1 receptor agonists for managing type 2 diabetes, and emerging data on treating obesity and prediabetes. We conclude with a glimpse of the future with possible complex interactions between nutrients, gut microbiota, the endocannabinoid system, and enteroendocrine cells.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0077-8923</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1749-6632</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14211</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31392745</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Beta cells ; Cannabinoids ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism ; Endocannabinoid system ; Endocannabinoids - metabolism ; Food intake ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; GIP ; GLP-1 receptor agonists ; GLP‐1 ; Glucagon ; Glucose ; Guidelines as Topic ; Hormones ; Humans ; incretins ; Incretins - metabolism ; Insulin ; Insulin secretion ; Intestinal microflora ; Microbiota ; Nutrients ; Obesity ; Obesity - metabolism ; Polypeptides ; Secretion</subject><ispartof>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2020-02, Vol.1461 (1), p.104-126</ispartof><rights>Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.</rights><rights>2020 The New York Academy of Sciences</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5151-692497ade9c1e6fe334cd0f018dcd86581a2a21794045a285105ed2b68e8d9773</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5151-692497ade9c1e6fe334cd0f018dcd86581a2a21794045a285105ed2b68e8d9773</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3218-0141</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fnyas.14211$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fnyas.14211$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,27904,27905,45554,45555</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31392745$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chia, Chee W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egan, Josephine M.</creatorcontrib><title>Incretins in obesity and diabetes</title><title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</title><addtitle>Ann N Y Acad Sci</addtitle><description>Incretins are hormones secreted from enteroendocrine cells after nutrient intake that stimulate insulin secretion from β cells in a glucose‐dependent manner. Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are the only two known incretins. Dysregulation of incretin secretion and actions are noted in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. In this review, we first summarize our traditional understanding of the physiology of GIP and GLP‐1, and our current knowledge of the relationships between GIP and GLP‐1 and obesity and diabetes. Next, we present the results from major randomized controlled trials on the use of GLP‐1 receptor agonists for managing type 2 diabetes, and emerging data on treating obesity and prediabetes. We conclude with a glimpse of the future with possible complex interactions between nutrients, gut microbiota, the endocannabinoid system, and enteroendocrine cells.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Beta cells</subject><subject>Cannabinoids</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Endocannabinoid system</subject><subject>Endocannabinoids - metabolism</subject><subject>Food intake</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</subject><subject>GIP</subject><subject>GLP-1 receptor agonists</subject><subject>GLP‐1</subject><subject>Glucagon</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Guidelines as Topic</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>incretins</subject><subject>Incretins - metabolism</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin secretion</subject><subject>Intestinal microflora</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - metabolism</subject><subject>Polypeptides</subject><subject>Secretion</subject><issn>0077-8923</issn><issn>1749-6632</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtKAzEUQIMoWh8bP0AqbkQYzc1jkqykFB8F0YW6cBXSya2mTDN1MlX6905tFXVhNneRw-HeQ8g-0FNo31mcu3QKggGskQ4oYbI852yddChVKtOG8S2yndKYUmBaqE2yxYEbpoTskMNBLGpsQkzdELvVEFNo5l0XfdcHN8QG0y7ZGLky4d5q7pDHy4uH_nV2c3c16PduskKChCw3TBjlPJoCMB8h56LwdERB-8LrXGpwzDFQRlAhHdMSqETPhrlG7Y1SfIecL73T2XCCvsDY1K600zpMXD23lQv2908ML_a5erNAgQPVC8PxylBXrzNMjZ2EVGBZuojVLFnGVJtAS5G36NEfdFzN6tjeZxmX1FBlgLXUyZIq6iqlGkff2wC1i_R2kd5-pm_hg5_7f6NfrVsAlsB7KHH-j8rePvXul9IPXBCMgg</recordid><startdate>202002</startdate><enddate>202002</enddate><creator>Chia, Chee W.</creator><creator>Egan, Josephine M.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3218-0141</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202002</creationdate><title>Incretins in obesity and diabetes</title><author>Chia, Chee W. ; Egan, Josephine M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5151-692497ade9c1e6fe334cd0f018dcd86581a2a21794045a285105ed2b68e8d9773</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Beta cells</topic><topic>Cannabinoids</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Endocannabinoid system</topic><topic>Endocannabinoids - metabolism</topic><topic>Food intake</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Microbiome</topic><topic>GIP</topic><topic>GLP-1 receptor agonists</topic><topic>GLP‐1</topic><topic>Glucagon</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Guidelines as Topic</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>incretins</topic><topic>Incretins - metabolism</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin secretion</topic><topic>Intestinal microflora</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - metabolism</topic><topic>Polypeptides</topic><topic>Secretion</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chia, Chee W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egan, Josephine M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chia, Chee W.</au><au>Egan, Josephine M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Incretins in obesity and diabetes</atitle><jtitle>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Ann N Y Acad Sci</addtitle><date>2020-02</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>1461</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>104</spage><epage>126</epage><pages>104-126</pages><issn>0077-8923</issn><eissn>1749-6632</eissn><abstract>Incretins are hormones secreted from enteroendocrine cells after nutrient intake that stimulate insulin secretion from β cells in a glucose‐dependent manner. Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are the only two known incretins. Dysregulation of incretin secretion and actions are noted in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. In this review, we first summarize our traditional understanding of the physiology of GIP and GLP‐1, and our current knowledge of the relationships between GIP and GLP‐1 and obesity and diabetes. Next, we present the results from major randomized controlled trials on the use of GLP‐1 receptor agonists for managing type 2 diabetes, and emerging data on treating obesity and prediabetes. 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subjects | Animals Beta cells Cannabinoids Diabetes Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism Endocannabinoid system Endocannabinoids - metabolism Food intake Gastrointestinal Microbiome GIP GLP-1 receptor agonists GLP‐1 Glucagon Glucose Guidelines as Topic Hormones Humans incretins Incretins - metabolism Insulin Insulin secretion Intestinal microflora Microbiota Nutrients Obesity Obesity - metabolism Polypeptides Secretion |
title | Incretins in obesity and diabetes |
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