Photovoltaic Glass Waste Recycling in the Development of Glass Substrates for Photovoltaic Applications
Because of the increasing demand for photovoltaic energy and the generation of end-of-life photovoltaic waste forecast, the feasibility to produce glass substrates for photovoltaic application by recycling photovoltaic glass waste (PVWG) material was analyzed. PVWG was recovered from photovoltaic ho...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2023-04, Vol.16 (7), p.2848 |
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| creator | Treviño Rodríguez, Karina Sánchez Vázquez, Astrid Iriana Ruiz Valdés, Juan Jacobo Ibarra Rodríguez, Jorge Paredes Figueroa, María Guadalupe Porcar García, Samuel Carda Castelló, Juan Bautista Álvarez Méndez, Anabel |
| description | Because of the increasing demand for photovoltaic energy and the generation of end-of-life photovoltaic waste forecast, the feasibility to produce glass substrates for photovoltaic application by recycling photovoltaic glass waste (PVWG) material was analyzed. PVWG was recovered from photovoltaic house roof panels for developing windows glass substrates; PVWG was used as the main material mixed with other industrial waste materials (wSG). The glass was casted by air quenching, annealed, and polished to obtain transparent substrates samples. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) was deposited as back contact on the glass substrates by spray pyrolysis. The chemical composition of the glass materials was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the thermal stability was measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the transmittance was determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The surface of the glass substrates and the deposited FTO were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the amorphous or crystalline state of the specimens were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the sheet resistance was evaluated by the four-point probe method. The sheet resistance of the deposited FTO on the wSG substrate was 7.84 ± 3.11 Ω/□, lower than that deposited on commercial soda-lime glass (8.48 ± 3.67 Ω/□), meaning that this material could present improved conduction of the produced electrons by the photovoltaic effect. This process may represent an alternative to produce glass substrates from waste materials that could be destined for photovoltaic applications, especially the production of ecological photovoltaic windows. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma16072848 |
| format | Article |
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PVWG was recovered from photovoltaic house roof panels for developing windows glass substrates; PVWG was used as the main material mixed with other industrial waste materials (wSG). The glass was casted by air quenching, annealed, and polished to obtain transparent substrates samples. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) was deposited as back contact on the glass substrates by spray pyrolysis. The chemical composition of the glass materials was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the thermal stability was measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the transmittance was determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The surface of the glass substrates and the deposited FTO were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the amorphous or crystalline state of the specimens were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the sheet resistance was evaluated by the four-point probe method. The sheet resistance of the deposited FTO on the wSG substrate was 7.84 ± 3.11 Ω/□, lower than that deposited on commercial soda-lime glass (8.48 ± 3.67 Ω/□), meaning that this material could present improved conduction of the produced electrons by the photovoltaic effect. This process may represent an alternative to produce glass substrates from waste materials that could be destined for photovoltaic applications, especially the production of ecological photovoltaic windows.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16072848</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37049142</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Air quenching ; Alternative energy ; Chemical composition ; Differential thermal analysis ; Electrical resistivity ; End of life ; Evaluation ; Fluorides ; Fluorine ; Four point probe method ; Germany ; Glass substrates ; Industrial wastes ; Mexico ; Photovoltaic cells ; Photovoltaic effect ; Radiation ; Recycling ; Recycling (Waste, etc.) ; Renewable resources ; Silicon ; Soda-lime glass ; Solar energy industry ; Spain ; Spectrum analysis ; Spray pyrolysis ; Stability analysis ; Thermal stability ; Tin oxides ; Waste materials ; X-ray fluorescence</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-04, Vol.16 (7), p.2848</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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PVWG was recovered from photovoltaic house roof panels for developing windows glass substrates; PVWG was used as the main material mixed with other industrial waste materials (wSG). The glass was casted by air quenching, annealed, and polished to obtain transparent substrates samples. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) was deposited as back contact on the glass substrates by spray pyrolysis. The chemical composition of the glass materials was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the thermal stability was measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the transmittance was determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The surface of the glass substrates and the deposited FTO were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the amorphous or crystalline state of the specimens were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the sheet resistance was evaluated by the four-point probe method. The sheet resistance of the deposited FTO on the wSG substrate was 7.84 ± 3.11 Ω/□, lower than that deposited on commercial soda-lime glass (8.48 ± 3.67 Ω/□), meaning that this material could present improved conduction of the produced electrons by the photovoltaic effect. 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PVWG was recovered from photovoltaic house roof panels for developing windows glass substrates; PVWG was used as the main material mixed with other industrial waste materials (wSG). The glass was casted by air quenching, annealed, and polished to obtain transparent substrates samples. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) was deposited as back contact on the glass substrates by spray pyrolysis. The chemical composition of the glass materials was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the thermal stability was measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the transmittance was determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The surface of the glass substrates and the deposited FTO were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the amorphous or crystalline state of the specimens were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the sheet resistance was evaluated by the four-point probe method. The sheet resistance of the deposited FTO on the wSG substrate was 7.84 ± 3.11 Ω/□, lower than that deposited on commercial soda-lime glass (8.48 ± 3.67 Ω/□), meaning that this material could present improved conduction of the produced electrons by the photovoltaic effect. This process may represent an alternative to produce glass substrates from waste materials that could be destined for photovoltaic applications, especially the production of ecological photovoltaic windows.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37049142</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma16072848</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-6181</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6099-3946</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8709-645X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Air quenching Alternative energy Chemical composition Differential thermal analysis Electrical resistivity End of life Evaluation Fluorides Fluorine Four point probe method Germany Glass substrates Industrial wastes Mexico Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaic effect Radiation Recycling Recycling (Waste, etc.) Renewable resources Silicon Soda-lime glass Solar energy industry Spain Spectrum analysis Spray pyrolysis Stability analysis Thermal stability Tin oxides Waste materials X-ray fluorescence |
| title | Photovoltaic Glass Waste Recycling in the Development of Glass Substrates for Photovoltaic Applications |
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