Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and In Vitro Application as Contact Lens for Acyclovir Delivery
A series of poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)/acyclovir drug carrier systems (HEMAVAC) containing different acyclovir contents was prepared through bulk free radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with vinyl acetate (VAc) in presence of acyclovir (ACVR) as the drug usi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2023-03, Vol.24 (6), p.5483 |
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| creator | Alqahtani, Saad Mohammed Al Khulaifi, Rana Salem Alassaf, Mohammed Saeed, Waseem Sharaf Bedja, Idriss Aldarwesh, Amal Aljubailah, Abeer Semlali, Abdelhabib Aouak, Taieb |
| description | A series of poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)/acyclovir drug carrier systems (HEMAVAC) containing different acyclovir contents was prepared through bulk free radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with vinyl acetate (VAc) in presence of acyclovir (ACVR) as the drug using a LED lamp in presence of camphorquinone as the photoinitiator. The structure of the drug carrier system was confirmed by FTIR and
HNMR analysis, and the uniform dispersion of the drug particles in the carrier was proved by DSC and XRD analysis. The study of the physico-chemical properties of the prepared materials, such as the transparency, swelling capacity, wettability and optical refraction, was carried out by UV-visible analysis, a swelling test and measurement of the contact angle and the refractive index, respectively. The elastic modulus and the yield strength of the wet prepared materials were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis. The cytotoxicity of the prepared materials and cell adhesion on these systems were studied by LDH assay and the MTT test, respectively. The results obtained were comparable to those of standard lenses with a transparency of 76.90-89.51%, a swelling capacity of 42.23-81.80% by weight, a wettability of 75.95-89.04°, a refractive index of 1.4301-1.4526 and a modulus of elasticity of 0.67-1.50 MPa, depending on the ACVR content. It was also shown that these materials exhibit no significant cytotoxicity; on the other hand, they show significant cell adhesion. The in vitro dynamic release of ACVR in water revealed that the HEMAVAC drug carrier can consistently deliver uniformly adequate amounts of ACVR (5.04-36 wt%) over a long period (7 days) in two steps. It was also found that the solubility of ACVR obtained from the release process was improved by 1.4 times that obtained by direct solubility of the drug in powder form at the same temperature. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms24065483 |
| format | Article |
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HNMR analysis, and the uniform dispersion of the drug particles in the carrier was proved by DSC and XRD analysis. The study of the physico-chemical properties of the prepared materials, such as the transparency, swelling capacity, wettability and optical refraction, was carried out by UV-visible analysis, a swelling test and measurement of the contact angle and the refractive index, respectively. The elastic modulus and the yield strength of the wet prepared materials were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis. The cytotoxicity of the prepared materials and cell adhesion on these systems were studied by LDH assay and the MTT test, respectively. The results obtained were comparable to those of standard lenses with a transparency of 76.90-89.51%, a swelling capacity of 42.23-81.80% by weight, a wettability of 75.95-89.04°, a refractive index of 1.4301-1.4526 and a modulus of elasticity of 0.67-1.50 MPa, depending on the ACVR content. It was also shown that these materials exhibit no significant cytotoxicity; on the other hand, they show significant cell adhesion. The in vitro dynamic release of ACVR in water revealed that the HEMAVAC drug carrier can consistently deliver uniformly adequate amounts of ACVR (5.04-36 wt%) over a long period (7 days) in two steps. It was also found that the solubility of ACVR obtained from the release process was improved by 1.4 times that obtained by direct solubility of the drug in powder form at the same temperature.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065483</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36982556</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acetic acid ; Acyclovir ; Antiviral drugs ; Biocompatibility ; Blood vessels ; Bulk polymerization ; Cell adhesion ; Chemical properties ; Contact angle ; Contact Lenses ; Cytotoxicity ; Drug carriers ; Drug Carriers - chemistry ; Drug delivery ; Drug delivery systems ; Drugs ; Free radical polymerization ; Free radicals ; Hydrogels ; Investigations ; Mechanical properties ; Modulus of elasticity ; Photoinitiators ; Physicochemical properties ; Polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Refractivity ; Solubility ; Swelling ; Tissue engineering ; Vehicles ; Vinyl acetate ; Wettability</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2023-03, Vol.24 (6), p.5483</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-353ead995191dafbeb9da485cddca421a0c160d98c6f06a4361b445e59a16d783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-353ead995191dafbeb9da485cddca421a0c160d98c6f06a4361b445e59a16d783</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1351-3003 ; 0000-0002-5254-5665 ; 0000-0002-1643-0377 ; 0000-0002-0922-8541</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10057064/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10057064/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982556$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alqahtani, Saad Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Khulaifi, Rana Salem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alassaf, Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saeed, Waseem Sharaf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bedja, Idriss</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aldarwesh, Amal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aljubailah, Abeer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Semlali, Abdelhabib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aouak, Taieb</creatorcontrib><title>Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and In Vitro Application as Contact Lens for Acyclovir Delivery</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>A series of poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)/acyclovir drug carrier systems (HEMAVAC) containing different acyclovir contents was prepared through bulk free radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with vinyl acetate (VAc) in presence of acyclovir (ACVR) as the drug using a LED lamp in presence of camphorquinone as the photoinitiator. 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HNMR analysis, and the uniform dispersion of the drug particles in the carrier was proved by DSC and XRD analysis. The study of the physico-chemical properties of the prepared materials, such as the transparency, swelling capacity, wettability and optical refraction, was carried out by UV-visible analysis, a swelling test and measurement of the contact angle and the refractive index, respectively. The elastic modulus and the yield strength of the wet prepared materials were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis. The cytotoxicity of the prepared materials and cell adhesion on these systems were studied by LDH assay and the MTT test, respectively. The results obtained were comparable to those of standard lenses with a transparency of 76.90-89.51%, a swelling capacity of 42.23-81.80% by weight, a wettability of 75.95-89.04°, a refractive index of 1.4301-1.4526 and a modulus of elasticity of 0.67-1.50 MPa, depending on the ACVR content. It was also shown that these materials exhibit no significant cytotoxicity; on the other hand, they show significant cell adhesion. The in vitro dynamic release of ACVR in water revealed that the HEMAVAC drug carrier can consistently deliver uniformly adequate amounts of ACVR (5.04-36 wt%) over a long period (7 days) in two steps. It was also found that the solubility of ACVR obtained from the release process was improved by 1.4 times that obtained by direct solubility of the drug in powder form at the same temperature.</description><subject>Acetic acid</subject><subject>Acyclovir</subject><subject>Antiviral drugs</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Blood vessels</subject><subject>Bulk polymerization</subject><subject>Cell adhesion</subject><subject>Chemical properties</subject><subject>Contact angle</subject><subject>Contact Lenses</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Drug carriers</subject><subject>Drug Carriers - chemistry</subject><subject>Drug delivery</subject><subject>Drug delivery systems</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Free radical polymerization</subject><subject>Free radicals</subject><subject>Hydrogels</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Photoinitiators</subject><subject>Physicochemical properties</subject><subject>Polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate</subject><subject>Polymerization</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Refractivity</subject><subject>Solubility</subject><subject>Swelling</subject><subject>Tissue engineering</subject><subject>Vehicles</subject><subject>Vinyl acetate</subject><subject>Wettability</subject><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><issn>1422-0067</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1vEzEQhlcIREvhxhlZ4tJKbPHH2lmfqijlo1IkegCulmPPNo68drA3EcsP4ffikFBShHwYe-aZd_RaU1UvCb5kTOK3btVn2mDBm5Y9qk5JQ2mNsZg8PrqfVM9yXmFMGeXyaXXChGwp5-K0-nmbYK2THlwMSAeLZsvyMgMk92OfjB26jX4837oweqQNDHqA2sSa1svRpvh9hGFZKn0J2qTRl_LFb6mbgL66IUU0Xa-9M4cZGc1iGMoINIeQURcTmprR-Lh1CV2Dd1tI4_PqSad9hheHeFZ9ef_u8-xjPf_04WY2ndemafFQM85AWyk5kcTqbgELaXXTcmOt0Q0lGhsisJWtER0WumGCLJqGA5eaCDtp2Vl1tdddbxY9WANhSNqrdXK9TqOK2qmHleCW6i5uFcGYT7BoisL5QSHFbxvIg-pdNuC9DhA3WdGJpBwz3MqCvv4HXcVNCsXfjiKCcybbv9Sd9qBc6GIZbHaiajopRqngAhfq8j9UORZ6Z2KAzpX8g4Y3-waTYs4JunuTBKvdIqnjRSr4q-OPuYf_bA77Ba5oxfk</recordid><startdate>20230313</startdate><enddate>20230313</enddate><creator>Alqahtani, Saad Mohammed</creator><creator>Al Khulaifi, Rana Salem</creator><creator>Alassaf, Mohammed</creator><creator>Saeed, Waseem Sharaf</creator><creator>Bedja, Idriss</creator><creator>Aldarwesh, Amal</creator><creator>Aljubailah, Abeer</creator><creator>Semlali, Abdelhabib</creator><creator>Aouak, Taieb</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1351-3003</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-5665</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-0377</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0922-8541</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230313</creationdate><title>Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and In Vitro Application as Contact Lens for Acyclovir Delivery</title><author>Alqahtani, Saad Mohammed ; Al Khulaifi, Rana Salem ; Alassaf, Mohammed ; Saeed, Waseem Sharaf ; Bedja, Idriss ; Aldarwesh, Amal ; Aljubailah, Abeer ; Semlali, Abdelhabib ; Aouak, Taieb</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-353ead995191dafbeb9da485cddca421a0c160d98c6f06a4361b445e59a16d783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Acetic acid</topic><topic>Acyclovir</topic><topic>Antiviral drugs</topic><topic>Biocompatibility</topic><topic>Blood vessels</topic><topic>Bulk polymerization</topic><topic>Cell adhesion</topic><topic>Chemical properties</topic><topic>Contact angle</topic><topic>Contact Lenses</topic><topic>Cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Drug carriers</topic><topic>Drug Carriers - chemistry</topic><topic>Drug delivery</topic><topic>Drug delivery systems</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Free radical polymerization</topic><topic>Free radicals</topic><topic>Hydrogels</topic><topic>Investigations</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Modulus of elasticity</topic><topic>Photoinitiators</topic><topic>Physicochemical properties</topic><topic>Polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate</topic><topic>Polymerization</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Refractivity</topic><topic>Solubility</topic><topic>Swelling</topic><topic>Tissue engineering</topic><topic>Vehicles</topic><topic>Vinyl acetate</topic><topic>Wettability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alqahtani, Saad Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Khulaifi, Rana Salem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alassaf, Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saeed, Waseem Sharaf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bedja, Idriss</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aldarwesh, Amal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aljubailah, Abeer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Semlali, Abdelhabib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aouak, Taieb</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alqahtani, Saad Mohammed</au><au>Al Khulaifi, Rana Salem</au><au>Alassaf, Mohammed</au><au>Saeed, Waseem Sharaf</au><au>Bedja, Idriss</au><au>Aldarwesh, Amal</au><au>Aljubailah, Abeer</au><au>Semlali, Abdelhabib</au><au>Aouak, Taieb</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and In Vitro Application as Contact Lens for Acyclovir Delivery</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2023-03-13</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>5483</spage><pages>5483-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>A series of poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)/acyclovir drug carrier systems (HEMAVAC) containing different acyclovir contents was prepared through bulk free radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with vinyl acetate (VAc) in presence of acyclovir (ACVR) as the drug using a LED lamp in presence of camphorquinone as the photoinitiator. The structure of the drug carrier system was confirmed by FTIR and
HNMR analysis, and the uniform dispersion of the drug particles in the carrier was proved by DSC and XRD analysis. The study of the physico-chemical properties of the prepared materials, such as the transparency, swelling capacity, wettability and optical refraction, was carried out by UV-visible analysis, a swelling test and measurement of the contact angle and the refractive index, respectively. The elastic modulus and the yield strength of the wet prepared materials were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis. The cytotoxicity of the prepared materials and cell adhesion on these systems were studied by LDH assay and the MTT test, respectively. The results obtained were comparable to those of standard lenses with a transparency of 76.90-89.51%, a swelling capacity of 42.23-81.80% by weight, a wettability of 75.95-89.04°, a refractive index of 1.4301-1.4526 and a modulus of elasticity of 0.67-1.50 MPa, depending on the ACVR content. It was also shown that these materials exhibit no significant cytotoxicity; on the other hand, they show significant cell adhesion. The in vitro dynamic release of ACVR in water revealed that the HEMAVAC drug carrier can consistently deliver uniformly adequate amounts of ACVR (5.04-36 wt%) over a long period (7 days) in two steps. It was also found that the solubility of ACVR obtained from the release process was improved by 1.4 times that obtained by direct solubility of the drug in powder form at the same temperature.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>36982556</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms24065483</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1351-3003</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-5665</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-0377</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0922-8541</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International journal of molecular sciences, 2023-03, Vol.24 (6), p.5483 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acetic acid Acyclovir Antiviral drugs Biocompatibility Blood vessels Bulk polymerization Cell adhesion Chemical properties Contact angle Contact Lenses Cytotoxicity Drug carriers Drug Carriers - chemistry Drug delivery Drug delivery systems Drugs Free radical polymerization Free radicals Hydrogels Investigations Mechanical properties Modulus of elasticity Photoinitiators Physicochemical properties Polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate Polymerization Polymers Refractivity Solubility Swelling Tissue engineering Vehicles Vinyl acetate Wettability |
| title | Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and In Vitro Application as Contact Lens for Acyclovir Delivery |
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