The Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model

Addictions are heritable and unfold dynamically across the lifespan. One prominent neurobiological theory proposes that substance-induced changes in neural circuitry promote the progression of addiction. Genome-wide association studies have begun to characterize the polygenic architecture undergirdi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature reviews. Neuroscience 2023-01, Vol.24 (1), p.40-57
Hauptverfasser: Bogdan, Ryan, Hatoum, Alexander S., Johnson, Emma C., Agrawal, Arpana
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Hatoum, Alexander S.
Johnson, Emma C.
Agrawal, Arpana
description Addictions are heritable and unfold dynamically across the lifespan. One prominent neurobiological theory proposes that substance-induced changes in neural circuitry promote the progression of addiction. Genome-wide association studies have begun to characterize the polygenic architecture undergirding addiction liability and revealed that genetic loci associated with risk can be divided into those associated with a general broad-spectrum liability to addiction and those associated with drug-specific addiction risk. In this Perspective, we integrate these genomic findings with our current understanding of the neurobiology of addiction to propose a new Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model. Bogdan and colleagues consider how the findings of recent genome-wide association studies of substance use and addiction risk can be integrated with our current understanding of the neurobiological contributions to substance use disorders, and propose a new genetically informed model of addiction.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41583-022-00656-8
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subjects 631/208/726
631/378/1689/5
Abstinence
Addictions
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Behavior, Addictive - genetics
Behavioral Sciences
Biological Techniques
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain research
Dopamine
Drug addiction
Drug use
Drug withdrawal
Executive function
Genome-wide association studies
Genome-Wide Association Study
Homeostasis
Humans
Intoxication
Liability
Life span
Nervous system
Neural networks
Neurobiology
Neurosciences
Perspective
Physiology
Polygenic inheritance
Positive reinforcement
Socioeconomic factors
Substance use
Substance-Related Disorders - genetics
title The Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model
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