Fluctuating Silicate:Nitrate Ratios and Coastal Plankton Food Webs
Marine diatoms require dissolved silicate to form an external shell, and their growth becomes Si-limited when the atomic ratio of silicate to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (Si:DIN) approaches 1:1, also known as the ``Redfield ratio.'' Fundamental changes in the diatom-to-zooplankton-to-high...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 1998-10, Vol.95 (22), p.13048-13051 |
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| container_title | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS |
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| creator | Turner, R. Eugene Qureshi, Naureen Rabalais, Nancy N. Dortch, Quay Justic, Dubravko Shaw, Richard F. Cope, Joseph |
| description | Marine diatoms require dissolved silicate to form an external shell, and their growth becomes Si-limited when the atomic ratio of silicate to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (Si:DIN) approaches 1:1, also known as the ``Redfield ratio.'' Fundamental changes in the diatom-to-zooplankton-to-higher trophic level food web should occur when this ratio falls below 1:1 and the proportion of diatoms in the phytoplankton community is reduced. We quantitatively substantiate these predictions by using a variety of data from the Mississippi River continental shelf, a system in which the Si:DIN loading ratio has declined from around 3:1 to 1:1 during this century because of land-use practices in the watershed. We suggest that, on this shelf, when the Si:DIN ratio in the river decreases to less than 1:1, then (i) copepod abundance changes from >75% to |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13048 |
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Eugene ; Qureshi, Naureen ; Rabalais, Nancy N. ; Dortch, Quay ; Justic, Dubravko ; Shaw, Richard F. ; Cope, Joseph</creator><creatorcontrib>Turner, R. Eugene ; Qureshi, Naureen ; Rabalais, Nancy N. ; Dortch, Quay ; Justic, Dubravko ; Shaw, Richard F. ; Cope, Joseph</creatorcontrib><description>Marine diatoms require dissolved silicate to form an external shell, and their growth becomes Si-limited when the atomic ratio of silicate to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (Si:DIN) approaches 1:1, also known as the ``Redfield ratio.'' Fundamental changes in the diatom-to-zooplankton-to-higher trophic level food web should occur when this ratio falls below 1:1 and the proportion of diatoms in the phytoplankton community is reduced. We quantitatively substantiate these predictions by using a variety of data from the Mississippi River continental shelf, a system in which the Si:DIN loading ratio has declined from around 3:1 to 1:1 during this century because of land-use practices in the watershed. We suggest that, on this shelf, when the Si:DIN ratio in the river decreases to less than 1:1, then (i) copepod abundance changes from >75% to <30% of the total mesozooplankton, (ii) zooplankton fecal pellets become a minor component of the in situ primary production consumed, and (iii) bottom-water oxygen consumption rates become less dependent on relatively fast-sinking (diatom-rich) organic matter packaged mostly as zooplankton fecal pellets. This coastal ecosystem appears to be a pelagic food web dynamically poised to be either a food web composed of diatoms and copepods or one with potentially disruptive harmful algal blooms. The system is directed between these two ecosystem states by Mississippi River water quality, which is determined by land-use practices far inland.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13048</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9789038</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</publisher><subject>Animals ; Aquatic life ; Bacillariophyceae ; Biological Sciences ; Chlorophyll - analysis ; Chlorophyll A ; Copepoda ; Diatoms ; Diatoms - physiology ; Ecology ; Food Chain ; Food webs ; Fresh Water ; Louisiana ; Nitrates - analysis ; Oxygen ; Plankton ; Plankton - chemistry ; Plankton - physiology ; Ratios ; Respiration ; River water ; Silicates ; Silicates - analysis ; Surface water ; Zooplankton</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 1998-10, Vol.95 (22), p.13048-13051</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1993-1998 National Academy of Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Oct 27, 1998</rights><rights>Copyright © 1998, The National Academy of Sciences 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c589t-8f0913047d836227645c2c51926c94caa07a9672db76fa1c834b86c836458c0b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c589t-8f0913047d836227645c2c51926c94caa07a9672db76fa1c834b86c836458c0b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/95/22.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/46192$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/46192$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,881,27901,27902,53766,53768,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9789038$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Turner, R. 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We quantitatively substantiate these predictions by using a variety of data from the Mississippi River continental shelf, a system in which the Si:DIN loading ratio has declined from around 3:1 to 1:1 during this century because of land-use practices in the watershed. We suggest that, on this shelf, when the Si:DIN ratio in the river decreases to less than 1:1, then (i) copepod abundance changes from >75% to <30% of the total mesozooplankton, (ii) zooplankton fecal pellets become a minor component of the in situ primary production consumed, and (iii) bottom-water oxygen consumption rates become less dependent on relatively fast-sinking (diatom-rich) organic matter packaged mostly as zooplankton fecal pellets. This coastal ecosystem appears to be a pelagic food web dynamically poised to be either a food web composed of diatoms and copepods or one with potentially disruptive harmful algal blooms. 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Eugene</au><au>Qureshi, Naureen</au><au>Rabalais, Nancy N.</au><au>Dortch, Quay</au><au>Justic, Dubravko</au><au>Shaw, Richard F.</au><au>Cope, Joseph</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fluctuating Silicate:Nitrate Ratios and Coastal Plankton Food Webs</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>1998-10-27</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>95</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>13048</spage><epage>13051</epage><pages>13048-13051</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><abstract>Marine diatoms require dissolved silicate to form an external shell, and their growth becomes Si-limited when the atomic ratio of silicate to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (Si:DIN) approaches 1:1, also known as the ``Redfield ratio.'' Fundamental changes in the diatom-to-zooplankton-to-higher trophic level food web should occur when this ratio falls below 1:1 and the proportion of diatoms in the phytoplankton community is reduced. We quantitatively substantiate these predictions by using a variety of data from the Mississippi River continental shelf, a system in which the Si:DIN loading ratio has declined from around 3:1 to 1:1 during this century because of land-use practices in the watershed. We suggest that, on this shelf, when the Si:DIN ratio in the river decreases to less than 1:1, then (i) copepod abundance changes from >75% to <30% of the total mesozooplankton, (ii) zooplankton fecal pellets become a minor component of the in situ primary production consumed, and (iii) bottom-water oxygen consumption rates become less dependent on relatively fast-sinking (diatom-rich) organic matter packaged mostly as zooplankton fecal pellets. This coastal ecosystem appears to be a pelagic food web dynamically poised to be either a food web composed of diatoms and copepods or one with potentially disruptive harmful algal blooms. The system is directed between these two ecosystem states by Mississippi River water quality, which is determined by land-use practices far inland.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</pub><pmid>9789038</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.95.22.13048</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 1998-10, Vol.95 (22), p.13048-13051 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Aquatic life Bacillariophyceae Biological Sciences Chlorophyll - analysis Chlorophyll A Copepoda Diatoms Diatoms - physiology Ecology Food Chain Food webs Fresh Water Louisiana Nitrates - analysis Oxygen Plankton Plankton - chemistry Plankton - physiology Ratios Respiration River water Silicates Silicates - analysis Surface water Zooplankton |
| title | Fluctuating Silicate:Nitrate Ratios and Coastal Plankton Food Webs |
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