Greater exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 was associated with lower corneal nerve measures: the Maastricht study - a cross-sectional study
Epidemiological and toxicological studies indicate that increased exposure to air pollutants can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. To further confirm this relationship, we evaluated the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and corneal nerve measures as a surrogate for neurodegene...
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| creator | Mokhtar, Sara B A Viljoen, Jessica van der Kallen, Carla J H Berendschot, Tos T J M Dagnelie, Pieter C Albers, Jeroen D Soeterboek, Jens Scarpa, Fabio Colonna, Alessia van der Heide, Frank C T van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J Bosm, Hans Kroon, Abraham A Nuijts, Rudy M M A Gijs, Marlies Lakerveld, Jeroen Malik, Rayaz A Webers, Carroll A B Stehouwer, Coen D A Koster, Annemarie |
| description | Epidemiological and toxicological studies indicate that increased exposure to air pollutants can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. To further confirm this relationship, we evaluated the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and corneal nerve measures as a surrogate for neurodegeneration, using corneal confocal microscopy.
We used population-based observational cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study including N = 3635 participants (mean age 59.3 years, 51.6% were women, and 19.9% had type 2 diabetes) living in the Maastricht area. Using the Geoscience and hEalth Cohort COnsortium (GECCO) data we linked the yearly average exposure levels of ambient air pollutants at home address-level [particulate matter with diameters of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and ≤ 10.0 µm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and elemental carbon (EC)]. We used linear regression analysis to study the associations between Z-score for ambient air pollutants concentrations (PM
, PM
, NO
, and EC) and Z-score for individual corneal nerve measures (corneal nerve bifurcation density, corneal nerve density, corneal nerve length, and fractal dimension).
After adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, level of education, glucose metabolism status, corneal confocal microscopy lag time, inclusion year of participants, smoking status, and alcohol consumption), higher Z-scores for PM
and PM
were associated with lower Z-scores for corneal nerve bifurcation density, nerve density, nerve length, and nerve fractal dimension [stβ (95% CI): PM
-0.10 (-0.14; -0.05), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.11 (-0.16; -0.06), -0.20 (-0.24; -0.15); and PM
-0.08 (-0.13; -0.03), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.08 (-0.13; -0.04), -0.17 (-0.21; -0.12)], respectively. No associations were found between NO
and EC and corneal nerve measures.
Our population-based study demonstrated that exposure to higher levels of PM
and PM
are associated with higher levels of corneal neurodegeneration, estimated from lower corneal nerve measures. Our results suggest that air pollution may be a determinant for neurodegeneration assessed in the cornea and may impact the ocular surface health as well. |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>pubmed</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmed_primary_39232744</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>39232744</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-pubmed_primary_392327443</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFjs1Kw1AUhC9CsdX6CmVeIJK_Jq1b8WdTcOHCXTm9OZIrSW4458bYB_C9TUXXXc3AfDPMhVkkeVlEcbF9m5sr1Y84TspNsb4082ybZmmZ5wvz_SRMgQX81XsdhBE8XnZIb9egrjrZJMZIClL11k1shdGFGo0fp5r10jE16Fg-GS3TaUPvEGrGjkiDOFsHaBiqIyIQrHjVSNkG57up-JsszeydGuWbP702q8eH1_vnqB8OLVf7XlxLctz__87OAj-R9U53</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Index Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Greater exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 was associated with lower corneal nerve measures: the Maastricht study - a cross-sectional study</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Mokhtar, Sara B A ; Viljoen, Jessica ; van der Kallen, Carla J H ; Berendschot, Tos T J M ; Dagnelie, Pieter C ; Albers, Jeroen D ; Soeterboek, Jens ; Scarpa, Fabio ; Colonna, Alessia ; van der Heide, Frank C T ; van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J ; Bosm, Hans ; Kroon, Abraham A ; Nuijts, Rudy M M A ; Gijs, Marlies ; Lakerveld, Jeroen ; Malik, Rayaz A ; Webers, Carroll A B ; Stehouwer, Coen D A ; Koster, Annemarie</creator><creatorcontrib>Mokhtar, Sara B A ; Viljoen, Jessica ; van der Kallen, Carla J H ; Berendschot, Tos T J M ; Dagnelie, Pieter C ; Albers, Jeroen D ; Soeterboek, Jens ; Scarpa, Fabio ; Colonna, Alessia ; van der Heide, Frank C T ; van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J ; Bosm, Hans ; Kroon, Abraham A ; Nuijts, Rudy M M A ; Gijs, Marlies ; Lakerveld, Jeroen ; Malik, Rayaz A ; Webers, Carroll A B ; Stehouwer, Coen D A ; Koster, Annemarie</creatorcontrib><description>Epidemiological and toxicological studies indicate that increased exposure to air pollutants can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. To further confirm this relationship, we evaluated the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and corneal nerve measures as a surrogate for neurodegeneration, using corneal confocal microscopy.
We used population-based observational cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study including N = 3635 participants (mean age 59.3 years, 51.6% were women, and 19.9% had type 2 diabetes) living in the Maastricht area. Using the Geoscience and hEalth Cohort COnsortium (GECCO) data we linked the yearly average exposure levels of ambient air pollutants at home address-level [particulate matter with diameters of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and ≤ 10.0 µm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and elemental carbon (EC)]. We used linear regression analysis to study the associations between Z-score for ambient air pollutants concentrations (PM
, PM
, NO
, and EC) and Z-score for individual corneal nerve measures (corneal nerve bifurcation density, corneal nerve density, corneal nerve length, and fractal dimension).
After adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, level of education, glucose metabolism status, corneal confocal microscopy lag time, inclusion year of participants, smoking status, and alcohol consumption), higher Z-scores for PM
and PM
were associated with lower Z-scores for corneal nerve bifurcation density, nerve density, nerve length, and nerve fractal dimension [stβ (95% CI): PM
-0.10 (-0.14; -0.05), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.11 (-0.16; -0.06), -0.20 (-0.24; -0.15); and PM
-0.08 (-0.13; -0.03), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.08 (-0.13; -0.04), -0.17 (-0.21; -0.12)], respectively. No associations were found between NO
and EC and corneal nerve measures.
Our population-based study demonstrated that exposure to higher levels of PM
and PM
are associated with higher levels of corneal neurodegeneration, estimated from lower corneal nerve measures. Our results suggest that air pollution may be a determinant for neurodegeneration assessed in the cornea and may impact the ocular surface health as well.</description><identifier>EISSN: 1476-069X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39232744</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollutants - adverse effects ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Cornea - innervation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure - adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands - epidemiology ; Particulate Matter - adverse effects ; Particulate Matter - analysis</subject><ispartof>Environmental health, 2024-09, Vol.23 (1), p.70</ispartof><rights>2024. The Author(s).</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39232744$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mokhtar, Sara B A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viljoen, Jessica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Kallen, Carla J H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berendschot, Tos T J M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dagnelie, Pieter C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albers, Jeroen D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soeterboek, Jens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarpa, Fabio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colonna, Alessia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Heide, Frank C T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bosm, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kroon, Abraham A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nuijts, Rudy M M A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gijs, Marlies</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lakerveld, Jeroen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malik, Rayaz A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webers, Carroll A B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stehouwer, Coen D A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koster, Annemarie</creatorcontrib><title>Greater exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 was associated with lower corneal nerve measures: the Maastricht study - a cross-sectional study</title><title>Environmental health</title><addtitle>Environ Health</addtitle><description>Epidemiological and toxicological studies indicate that increased exposure to air pollutants can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. To further confirm this relationship, we evaluated the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and corneal nerve measures as a surrogate for neurodegeneration, using corneal confocal microscopy.
We used population-based observational cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study including N = 3635 participants (mean age 59.3 years, 51.6% were women, and 19.9% had type 2 diabetes) living in the Maastricht area. Using the Geoscience and hEalth Cohort COnsortium (GECCO) data we linked the yearly average exposure levels of ambient air pollutants at home address-level [particulate matter with diameters of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and ≤ 10.0 µm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and elemental carbon (EC)]. We used linear regression analysis to study the associations between Z-score for ambient air pollutants concentrations (PM
, PM
, NO
, and EC) and Z-score for individual corneal nerve measures (corneal nerve bifurcation density, corneal nerve density, corneal nerve length, and fractal dimension).
After adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, level of education, glucose metabolism status, corneal confocal microscopy lag time, inclusion year of participants, smoking status, and alcohol consumption), higher Z-scores for PM
and PM
were associated with lower Z-scores for corneal nerve bifurcation density, nerve density, nerve length, and nerve fractal dimension [stβ (95% CI): PM
-0.10 (-0.14; -0.05), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.11 (-0.16; -0.06), -0.20 (-0.24; -0.15); and PM
-0.08 (-0.13; -0.03), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.08 (-0.13; -0.04), -0.17 (-0.21; -0.12)], respectively. No associations were found between NO
and EC and corneal nerve measures.
Our population-based study demonstrated that exposure to higher levels of PM
and PM
are associated with higher levels of corneal neurodegeneration, estimated from lower corneal nerve measures. Our results suggest that air pollution may be a determinant for neurodegeneration assessed in the cornea and may impact the ocular surface health as well.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - adverse effects</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Cornea - innervation</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microscopy, Confocal</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Netherlands - epidemiology</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - adverse effects</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - analysis</subject><issn>1476-069X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFjs1Kw1AUhC9CsdX6CmVeIJK_Jq1b8WdTcOHCXTm9OZIrSW4458bYB_C9TUXXXc3AfDPMhVkkeVlEcbF9m5sr1Y84TspNsb4082ybZmmZ5wvz_SRMgQX81XsdhBE8XnZIb9egrjrZJMZIClL11k1shdGFGo0fp5r10jE16Fg-GS3TaUPvEGrGjkiDOFsHaBiqIyIQrHjVSNkG57up-JsszeydGuWbP702q8eH1_vnqB8OLVf7XlxLctz__87OAj-R9U53</recordid><startdate>20240904</startdate><enddate>20240904</enddate><creator>Mokhtar, Sara B A</creator><creator>Viljoen, Jessica</creator><creator>van der Kallen, Carla J H</creator><creator>Berendschot, Tos T J M</creator><creator>Dagnelie, Pieter C</creator><creator>Albers, Jeroen D</creator><creator>Soeterboek, Jens</creator><creator>Scarpa, Fabio</creator><creator>Colonna, Alessia</creator><creator>van der Heide, Frank C T</creator><creator>van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J</creator><creator>Bosm, Hans</creator><creator>Kroon, Abraham A</creator><creator>Nuijts, Rudy M M A</creator><creator>Gijs, Marlies</creator><creator>Lakerveld, Jeroen</creator><creator>Malik, Rayaz A</creator><creator>Webers, Carroll A B</creator><creator>Stehouwer, Coen D A</creator><creator>Koster, Annemarie</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240904</creationdate><title>Greater exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 was associated with lower corneal nerve measures: the Maastricht study - a cross-sectional study</title><author>Mokhtar, Sara B A ; Viljoen, Jessica ; van der Kallen, Carla J H ; Berendschot, Tos T J M ; Dagnelie, Pieter C ; Albers, Jeroen D ; Soeterboek, Jens ; Scarpa, Fabio ; Colonna, Alessia ; van der Heide, Frank C T ; van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J ; Bosm, Hans ; Kroon, Abraham A ; Nuijts, Rudy M M A ; Gijs, Marlies ; Lakerveld, Jeroen ; Malik, Rayaz A ; Webers, Carroll A B ; Stehouwer, Coen D A ; Koster, Annemarie</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-pubmed_primary_392327443</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - adverse effects</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Cornea - innervation</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microscopy, Confocal</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Netherlands - epidemiology</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - adverse effects</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mokhtar, Sara B A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viljoen, Jessica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Kallen, Carla J H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berendschot, Tos T J M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dagnelie, Pieter C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albers, Jeroen D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soeterboek, Jens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarpa, Fabio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colonna, Alessia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Heide, Frank C T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bosm, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kroon, Abraham A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nuijts, Rudy M M A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gijs, Marlies</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lakerveld, Jeroen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malik, Rayaz A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webers, Carroll A B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stehouwer, Coen D A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koster, Annemarie</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><jtitle>Environmental health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mokhtar, Sara B A</au><au>Viljoen, Jessica</au><au>van der Kallen, Carla J H</au><au>Berendschot, Tos T J M</au><au>Dagnelie, Pieter C</au><au>Albers, Jeroen D</au><au>Soeterboek, Jens</au><au>Scarpa, Fabio</au><au>Colonna, Alessia</au><au>van der Heide, Frank C T</au><au>van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J</au><au>Bosm, Hans</au><au>Kroon, Abraham A</au><au>Nuijts, Rudy M M A</au><au>Gijs, Marlies</au><au>Lakerveld, Jeroen</au><au>Malik, Rayaz A</au><au>Webers, Carroll A B</au><au>Stehouwer, Coen D A</au><au>Koster, Annemarie</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Greater exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 was associated with lower corneal nerve measures: the Maastricht study - a cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>Environmental health</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Health</addtitle><date>2024-09-04</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>70</spage><pages>70-</pages><eissn>1476-069X</eissn><abstract>Epidemiological and toxicological studies indicate that increased exposure to air pollutants can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. To further confirm this relationship, we evaluated the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and corneal nerve measures as a surrogate for neurodegeneration, using corneal confocal microscopy.
We used population-based observational cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study including N = 3635 participants (mean age 59.3 years, 51.6% were women, and 19.9% had type 2 diabetes) living in the Maastricht area. Using the Geoscience and hEalth Cohort COnsortium (GECCO) data we linked the yearly average exposure levels of ambient air pollutants at home address-level [particulate matter with diameters of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and ≤ 10.0 µm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and elemental carbon (EC)]. We used linear regression analysis to study the associations between Z-score for ambient air pollutants concentrations (PM
, PM
, NO
, and EC) and Z-score for individual corneal nerve measures (corneal nerve bifurcation density, corneal nerve density, corneal nerve length, and fractal dimension).
After adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, level of education, glucose metabolism status, corneal confocal microscopy lag time, inclusion year of participants, smoking status, and alcohol consumption), higher Z-scores for PM
and PM
were associated with lower Z-scores for corneal nerve bifurcation density, nerve density, nerve length, and nerve fractal dimension [stβ (95% CI): PM
-0.10 (-0.14; -0.05), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.11 (-0.16; -0.06), -0.20 (-0.24; -0.15); and PM
-0.08 (-0.13; -0.03), -0.04 (-0.09; 0.01), -0.08 (-0.13; -0.04), -0.17 (-0.21; -0.12)], respectively. No associations were found between NO
and EC and corneal nerve measures.
Our population-based study demonstrated that exposure to higher levels of PM
and PM
are associated with higher levels of corneal neurodegeneration, estimated from lower corneal nerve measures. Our results suggest that air pollution may be a determinant for neurodegeneration assessed in the cornea and may impact the ocular surface health as well.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pmid>39232744</pmid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | EISSN: 1476-069X |
| ispartof | Environmental health, 2024-09, Vol.23 (1), p.70 |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmed_primary_39232744 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; Springer Nature OA Free Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adult Aged Air Pollutants - adverse effects Air Pollutants - analysis Cornea - innervation Cross-Sectional Studies Environmental Exposure - adverse effects Female Humans Male Microscopy, Confocal Middle Aged Netherlands - epidemiology Particulate Matter - adverse effects Particulate Matter - analysis |
| title | Greater exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 was associated with lower corneal nerve measures: the Maastricht study - a cross-sectional study |
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