Effects of seasonal management programs on PM 2.5 in Seoul and Beijing using DN-PMF: Collaborative efforts from the Korea-China joint research
South Korea and China have implemented increasingly stringent mitigation measures to reduce the health risks from PM exposure, jointly conducting a ground-based air quality observation study in Northeast Asia. Dispersion normalized positive matrix factorization (DN-PMF) was used to identify PM sourc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environment international 2024-09, Vol.191, p.108970 |
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| container_title | Environment international |
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| creator | Ryoo, Ilhan Ren, Lihong Li, Gang Zhou, Tao Wang, Manhua Yang, Xiaoyang Kim, Taeyeon Cheong, Yeonseung Kim, Songkang Chae, Hyeogki Lee, Kyungmi Jeon, Kwon-Ho Hopke, Philip K Yi, Seung-Muk Park, Jieun |
| description | South Korea and China have implemented increasingly stringent mitigation measures to reduce the health risks from PM
exposure, jointly conducting a ground-based air quality observation study in Northeast Asia. Dispersion normalized positive matrix factorization (DN-PMF) was used to identify PM
sources in Seoul and Beijing and assess the effectiveness of the seasonal management programs (SMPs) through a comparative study. Samples were collected during three periods: January-December 2019, September 2020-May 2021, and July 2021-March 2022. In Seoul, ten sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 8.67 μg/m
, 34 %, Secondary sulfate: 5.67 μg/m
, 22 %, Motor vehicle: 1.83 μg/m
, 7.2 %, Biomass burning: 2.30 μg/m
, 9.1 %, Residual oil combustion: 1.66 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Industry: 2.15 μg/m
, 8.5 %, Incinerator: 1.39 μg/m
, 5.5 %, Coal combustion: 0.363 μg/m
, 1.4 %, Road dust/soil: 0.941 μg/m
, 3.7 %, Aged sea salt: 0.356 μg/m
, 1.4 %). The SMP significantly decreased PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of motor vehicle, residual oil combustion, industry, coal combustion, and biomass burning sources (p-value |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108970 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>pubmed</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmed_primary_39197373</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>39197373</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-p108t-599aa0d50103c2dc6aa1befb484227ba2c2ea14e313393e8bb71f720c6dd9ba3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNo1kNtKw0AQhhdBbD28gci8QOoekmzincZWxVYL9r5Mktk2IdkNm7TgS_jMRtSbGZgP5j8wdi34THAR39YzssfKDjPJZTieklTzEzYViVZBrCM-Yed9X3M-0iQ6YxOVilQrrabsa24MFUMPzkBP2DuLDbRocUct2QE673Ye25FbWK9AziKoLHyQOzSAtoQHqurK7uDQ_8zHt2C9WtxB5poGc-dxqI4EZIzzo4TxroVhT_DqPGGQ7SuLULvRN3gaxX2xv2SnBpuerv72Bdss5pvsOVi-P71k98ugG8MNQZSmiLyMuOCqkGURI4qcTB4moZQ6R1lIQhGSEkqlipI818JoyYu4LNMc1QW7-X3bHfKWym3nqxb95_a_F_UN7_pmXg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Index Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of seasonal management programs on PM 2.5 in Seoul and Beijing using DN-PMF: Collaborative efforts from the Korea-China joint research</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Ryoo, Ilhan ; Ren, Lihong ; Li, Gang ; Zhou, Tao ; Wang, Manhua ; Yang, Xiaoyang ; Kim, Taeyeon ; Cheong, Yeonseung ; Kim, Songkang ; Chae, Hyeogki ; Lee, Kyungmi ; Jeon, Kwon-Ho ; Hopke, Philip K ; Yi, Seung-Muk ; Park, Jieun</creator><creatorcontrib>Ryoo, Ilhan ; Ren, Lihong ; Li, Gang ; Zhou, Tao ; Wang, Manhua ; Yang, Xiaoyang ; Kim, Taeyeon ; Cheong, Yeonseung ; Kim, Songkang ; Chae, Hyeogki ; Lee, Kyungmi ; Jeon, Kwon-Ho ; Hopke, Philip K ; Yi, Seung-Muk ; Park, Jieun</creatorcontrib><description>South Korea and China have implemented increasingly stringent mitigation measures to reduce the health risks from PM
exposure, jointly conducting a ground-based air quality observation study in Northeast Asia. Dispersion normalized positive matrix factorization (DN-PMF) was used to identify PM
sources in Seoul and Beijing and assess the effectiveness of the seasonal management programs (SMPs) through a comparative study. Samples were collected during three periods: January-December 2019, September 2020-May 2021, and July 2021-March 2022. In Seoul, ten sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 8.67 μg/m
, 34 %, Secondary sulfate: 5.67 μg/m
, 22 %, Motor vehicle: 1.83 μg/m
, 7.2 %, Biomass burning: 2.30 μg/m
, 9.1 %, Residual oil combustion: 1.66 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Industry: 2.15 μg/m
, 8.5 %, Incinerator: 1.39 μg/m
, 5.5 %, Coal combustion: 0.363 μg/m
, 1.4 %, Road dust/soil: 0.941 μg/m
, 3.7 %, Aged sea salt: 0.356 μg/m
, 1.4 %). The SMP significantly decreased PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of motor vehicle, residual oil combustion, industry, coal combustion, and biomass burning sources (p-value < 0.05). For Seoul, the reduction effects of the SMPs were evident even considering the influence of the natural meteorological variations and the responses to COVID-19. In Beijing, nine sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 12.6 μg/m
, 28 %, Sulfate: 8.27 μg/m
, 18 %, Motor vehicle: 3.77 μg/m
, 8.4 %, Biomass burning: 2.70 μg/m
, 6.0 %, Incinerator: 4.50 μg/m
, 10 %, Coal combustion: 3.52 μg/m
, 7.8 %, Industry: 5.01 μg/m
, 11 %, Road dust/soil: 2.92 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Aged sea salt: 1.63 μg/m
, 3.6 %). Significant reductions in PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of industry, coal combustion, and incinerator (p-value < 0.05) were observed, attributed to the SMP and additional measures enforced before the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Unlike comparing PM
mass concentration variations using conventional methods, investigation of the source contribution variations of PM
by using DN-PMF can provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of the air quality management policies.</description><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6750</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108970</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39197373</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands</publisher><ispartof>Environment international, 2024-09, Vol.191, p.108970</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39197373$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ryoo, Ilhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ren, Lihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Manhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiaoyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Taeyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheong, Yeonseung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Songkang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chae, Hyeogki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Kyungmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Kwon-Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hopke, Philip K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yi, Seung-Muk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Jieun</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of seasonal management programs on PM 2.5 in Seoul and Beijing using DN-PMF: Collaborative efforts from the Korea-China joint research</title><title>Environment international</title><addtitle>Environ Int</addtitle><description>South Korea and China have implemented increasingly stringent mitigation measures to reduce the health risks from PM
exposure, jointly conducting a ground-based air quality observation study in Northeast Asia. Dispersion normalized positive matrix factorization (DN-PMF) was used to identify PM
sources in Seoul and Beijing and assess the effectiveness of the seasonal management programs (SMPs) through a comparative study. Samples were collected during three periods: January-December 2019, September 2020-May 2021, and July 2021-March 2022. In Seoul, ten sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 8.67 μg/m
, 34 %, Secondary sulfate: 5.67 μg/m
, 22 %, Motor vehicle: 1.83 μg/m
, 7.2 %, Biomass burning: 2.30 μg/m
, 9.1 %, Residual oil combustion: 1.66 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Industry: 2.15 μg/m
, 8.5 %, Incinerator: 1.39 μg/m
, 5.5 %, Coal combustion: 0.363 μg/m
, 1.4 %, Road dust/soil: 0.941 μg/m
, 3.7 %, Aged sea salt: 0.356 μg/m
, 1.4 %). The SMP significantly decreased PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of motor vehicle, residual oil combustion, industry, coal combustion, and biomass burning sources (p-value < 0.05). For Seoul, the reduction effects of the SMPs were evident even considering the influence of the natural meteorological variations and the responses to COVID-19. In Beijing, nine sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 12.6 μg/m
, 28 %, Sulfate: 8.27 μg/m
, 18 %, Motor vehicle: 3.77 μg/m
, 8.4 %, Biomass burning: 2.70 μg/m
, 6.0 %, Incinerator: 4.50 μg/m
, 10 %, Coal combustion: 3.52 μg/m
, 7.8 %, Industry: 5.01 μg/m
, 11 %, Road dust/soil: 2.92 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Aged sea salt: 1.63 μg/m
, 3.6 %). Significant reductions in PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of industry, coal combustion, and incinerator (p-value < 0.05) were observed, attributed to the SMP and additional measures enforced before the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Unlike comparing PM
mass concentration variations using conventional methods, investigation of the source contribution variations of PM
by using DN-PMF can provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of the air quality management policies.</description><issn>1873-6750</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo1kNtKw0AQhhdBbD28gci8QOoekmzincZWxVYL9r5Mktk2IdkNm7TgS_jMRtSbGZgP5j8wdi34THAR39YzssfKDjPJZTieklTzEzYViVZBrCM-Yed9X3M-0iQ6YxOVilQrrabsa24MFUMPzkBP2DuLDbRocUct2QE673Ye25FbWK9AziKoLHyQOzSAtoQHqurK7uDQ_8zHt2C9WtxB5poGc-dxqI4EZIzzo4TxroVhT_DqPGGQ7SuLULvRN3gaxX2xv2SnBpuerv72Bdss5pvsOVi-P71k98ugG8MNQZSmiLyMuOCqkGURI4qcTB4moZQ6R1lIQhGSEkqlipI818JoyYu4LNMc1QW7-X3bHfKWym3nqxb95_a_F_UN7_pmXg</recordid><startdate>20240901</startdate><enddate>20240901</enddate><creator>Ryoo, Ilhan</creator><creator>Ren, Lihong</creator><creator>Li, Gang</creator><creator>Zhou, Tao</creator><creator>Wang, Manhua</creator><creator>Yang, Xiaoyang</creator><creator>Kim, Taeyeon</creator><creator>Cheong, Yeonseung</creator><creator>Kim, Songkang</creator><creator>Chae, Hyeogki</creator><creator>Lee, Kyungmi</creator><creator>Jeon, Kwon-Ho</creator><creator>Hopke, Philip K</creator><creator>Yi, Seung-Muk</creator><creator>Park, Jieun</creator><scope>NPM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240901</creationdate><title>Effects of seasonal management programs on PM 2.5 in Seoul and Beijing using DN-PMF: Collaborative efforts from the Korea-China joint research</title><author>Ryoo, Ilhan ; Ren, Lihong ; Li, Gang ; Zhou, Tao ; Wang, Manhua ; Yang, Xiaoyang ; Kim, Taeyeon ; Cheong, Yeonseung ; Kim, Songkang ; Chae, Hyeogki ; Lee, Kyungmi ; Jeon, Kwon-Ho ; Hopke, Philip K ; Yi, Seung-Muk ; Park, Jieun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p108t-599aa0d50103c2dc6aa1befb484227ba2c2ea14e313393e8bb71f720c6dd9ba3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ryoo, Ilhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ren, Lihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Manhua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiaoyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Taeyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheong, Yeonseung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Songkang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chae, Hyeogki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Kyungmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Kwon-Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hopke, Philip K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yi, Seung-Muk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Jieun</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><jtitle>Environment international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ryoo, Ilhan</au><au>Ren, Lihong</au><au>Li, Gang</au><au>Zhou, Tao</au><au>Wang, Manhua</au><au>Yang, Xiaoyang</au><au>Kim, Taeyeon</au><au>Cheong, Yeonseung</au><au>Kim, Songkang</au><au>Chae, Hyeogki</au><au>Lee, Kyungmi</au><au>Jeon, Kwon-Ho</au><au>Hopke, Philip K</au><au>Yi, Seung-Muk</au><au>Park, Jieun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of seasonal management programs on PM 2.5 in Seoul and Beijing using DN-PMF: Collaborative efforts from the Korea-China joint research</atitle><jtitle>Environment international</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Int</addtitle><date>2024-09-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>191</volume><spage>108970</spage><pages>108970-</pages><eissn>1873-6750</eissn><abstract>South Korea and China have implemented increasingly stringent mitigation measures to reduce the health risks from PM
exposure, jointly conducting a ground-based air quality observation study in Northeast Asia. Dispersion normalized positive matrix factorization (DN-PMF) was used to identify PM
sources in Seoul and Beijing and assess the effectiveness of the seasonal management programs (SMPs) through a comparative study. Samples were collected during three periods: January-December 2019, September 2020-May 2021, and July 2021-March 2022. In Seoul, ten sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 8.67 μg/m
, 34 %, Secondary sulfate: 5.67 μg/m
, 22 %, Motor vehicle: 1.83 μg/m
, 7.2 %, Biomass burning: 2.30 μg/m
, 9.1 %, Residual oil combustion: 1.66 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Industry: 2.15 μg/m
, 8.5 %, Incinerator: 1.39 μg/m
, 5.5 %, Coal combustion: 0.363 μg/m
, 1.4 %, Road dust/soil: 0.941 μg/m
, 3.7 %, Aged sea salt: 0.356 μg/m
, 1.4 %). The SMP significantly decreased PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of motor vehicle, residual oil combustion, industry, coal combustion, and biomass burning sources (p-value < 0.05). For Seoul, the reduction effects of the SMPs were evident even considering the influence of the natural meteorological variations and the responses to COVID-19. In Beijing, nine sources were resolved (Secondary nitrate: 12.6 μg/m
, 28 %, Sulfate: 8.27 μg/m
, 18 %, Motor vehicle: 3.77 μg/m
, 8.4 %, Biomass burning: 2.70 μg/m
, 6.0 %, Incinerator: 4.50 μg/m
, 10 %, Coal combustion: 3.52 μg/m
, 7.8 %, Industry: 5.01 μg/m
, 11 %, Road dust/soil: 2.92 μg/m
, 6.5 %, Aged sea salt: 1.63 μg/m
, 3.6 %). Significant reductions in PM
mass concentrations and source contributions of industry, coal combustion, and incinerator (p-value < 0.05) were observed, attributed to the SMP and additional measures enforced before the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Unlike comparing PM
mass concentration variations using conventional methods, investigation of the source contribution variations of PM
by using DN-PMF can provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of the air quality management policies.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pmid>39197373</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envint.2024.108970</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | EISSN: 1873-6750 |
| ispartof | Environment international, 2024-09, Vol.191, p.108970 |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmed_primary_39197373 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| title | Effects of seasonal management programs on PM 2.5 in Seoul and Beijing using DN-PMF: Collaborative efforts from the Korea-China joint research |
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