SC-Cut Quartz Resonators for Dynamic Liquid Viscosity Measurements
This article proposes an innovative viscosity sensor based on the thickness-shear vibration of stress compensated (SC)-cut quartz resonator. The thickness-shear mode is first analyzed and further studied with fluid-structure interaction between the resonator and the viscous fluid loading. The charac...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control ferroelectrics, and frequency control, 2021-12, Vol.68 (12), p.3616-3623 |
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| container_title | IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control |
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| creator | Ju, Shuai Zhang, Chen Zahedinejad, Parham Zhang, Haifeng |
| description | This article proposes an innovative viscosity sensor based on the thickness-shear vibration of stress compensated (SC)-cut quartz resonator. The thickness-shear mode is first analyzed and further studied with fluid-structure interaction between the resonator and the viscous fluid loading. The characteristic equation is derived based on the 3-D linear piezoelectric equations and solved for sensitivity analysis. Then laboratory experiment is carried out to validate the theory. To conduct the viscosity measurement, the SC-cut quartz resonator is integrated with a U-tube test fixture, which is designed and fabricated for sensor housing to avoid the influence of the mass of the fluid. The resonator is tested with various viscosities by tuning the ratio of glycerol/water mixture. Experiment results show consistency with the analytical solution, which together present an improved sensitivity of viscosity measurement by using SC-cut quartz resonator comparing to other resonator-based viscosity sensors. The proposed viscosity sensor is sensitive, accurate, and portable, and therefore can be applied to real-time, on-site measurement or sampling of fluidic samples. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3096782 |
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The thickness-shear mode is first analyzed and further studied with fluid-structure interaction between the resonator and the viscous fluid loading. The characteristic equation is derived based on the 3-D linear piezoelectric equations and solved for sensitivity analysis. Then laboratory experiment is carried out to validate the theory. To conduct the viscosity measurement, the SC-cut quartz resonator is integrated with a U-tube test fixture, which is designed and fabricated for sensor housing to avoid the influence of the mass of the fluid. The resonator is tested with various viscosities by tuning the ratio of glycerol/water mixture. Experiment results show consistency with the analytical solution, which together present an improved sensitivity of viscosity measurement by using SC-cut quartz resonator comparing to other resonator-based viscosity sensors. The proposed viscosity sensor is sensitive, accurate, and portable, and therefore can be applied to real-time, on-site measurement or sampling of fluidic samples.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0885-3010</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-8955</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3096782</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34255627</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ITUCER</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: IEEE</publisher><subject>Acoustics ; Eigenvalues ; Eigenvectors ; Exact solutions ; Fluid-structure interaction ; Fluids ; Frequency measurement ; Glycerol-Water ; Liquids ; Manometers ; Piezoelectric ; Piezoelectricity ; Quartz ; quartz resonator ; Resonators ; Sensitivity analysis ; Sensors ; stress compensated (SC)-cut ; Thickness ; thickness-shear ; Vibration ; Vibrations ; Viscosity ; Viscosity measurement ; Viscous fluids</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control, 2021-12, Vol.68 (12), p.3616-3623</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-6206c652e347cea4beb9b91f6069d62b285eef04e337d8c419bae86aed388a513</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-6206c652e347cea4beb9b91f6069d62b285eef04e337d8c419bae86aed388a513</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4538-2228 ; 0000-0003-1111-521X ; 0000-0001-6017-7471</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9481778$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9481778$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34255627$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ju, Shuai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zahedinejad, Parham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Haifeng</creatorcontrib><title>SC-Cut Quartz Resonators for Dynamic Liquid Viscosity Measurements</title><title>IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control</title><addtitle>T-UFFC</addtitle><addtitle>IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control</addtitle><description>This article proposes an innovative viscosity sensor based on the thickness-shear vibration of stress compensated (SC)-cut quartz resonator. The thickness-shear mode is first analyzed and further studied with fluid-structure interaction between the resonator and the viscous fluid loading. The characteristic equation is derived based on the 3-D linear piezoelectric equations and solved for sensitivity analysis. Then laboratory experiment is carried out to validate the theory. To conduct the viscosity measurement, the SC-cut quartz resonator is integrated with a U-tube test fixture, which is designed and fabricated for sensor housing to avoid the influence of the mass of the fluid. The resonator is tested with various viscosities by tuning the ratio of glycerol/water mixture. Experiment results show consistency with the analytical solution, which together present an improved sensitivity of viscosity measurement by using SC-cut quartz resonator comparing to other resonator-based viscosity sensors. The proposed viscosity sensor is sensitive, accurate, and portable, and therefore can be applied to real-time, on-site measurement or sampling of fluidic samples.</description><subject>Acoustics</subject><subject>Eigenvalues</subject><subject>Eigenvectors</subject><subject>Exact solutions</subject><subject>Fluid-structure interaction</subject><subject>Fluids</subject><subject>Frequency measurement</subject><subject>Glycerol-Water</subject><subject>Liquids</subject><subject>Manometers</subject><subject>Piezoelectric</subject><subject>Piezoelectricity</subject><subject>Quartz</subject><subject>quartz resonator</subject><subject>Resonators</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>stress compensated (SC)-cut</subject><subject>Thickness</subject><subject>thickness-shear</subject><subject>Vibration</subject><subject>Vibrations</subject><subject>Viscosity</subject><subject>Viscosity measurement</subject><subject>Viscous fluids</subject><issn>0885-3010</issn><issn>1525-8955</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkE1Lw0AQhhdRbK3-AQUJePGSut8fR41WhYqorddlk0wgpUnqbnKov97U1h48zWGe92XmQeic4DEh2NzM5pNJMqaYkjHDRipND9CQCCpibYQ4REOstYgZJniATkJYYEw4N_QYDRinQkiqhujuI4mTro3eOufb7-gdQlO7tvEhKhof3a9rV5VZNC2_ujKPPsuQNaFs19ELuNB5qKBuwyk6KtwywNlujtB88jBLnuLp6-NzcjuNMyZIG0uKZSYFBcZVBo6nkJrUkEJiaXJJU6oFQIE5MKZynXFiUgdaOsiZ1k4QNkLX296Vb746CK2t-ntguXQ1NF2w_UtEKIW16tGrf-ii6XzdX2epxERyybjoKbqlMt-E4KGwK19Wzq8twXZj2P4athvDdme4D13uqru0gnwf-VPaAxdboASA_dpwTZTS7AdceX5d</recordid><startdate>20211201</startdate><enddate>20211201</enddate><creator>Ju, Shuai</creator><creator>Zhang, Chen</creator><creator>Zahedinejad, Parham</creator><creator>Zhang, Haifeng</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4538-2228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-521X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6017-7471</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211201</creationdate><title>SC-Cut Quartz Resonators for Dynamic Liquid Viscosity Measurements</title><author>Ju, Shuai ; Zhang, Chen ; Zahedinejad, Parham ; Zhang, Haifeng</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-6206c652e347cea4beb9b91f6069d62b285eef04e337d8c419bae86aed388a513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Acoustics</topic><topic>Eigenvalues</topic><topic>Eigenvectors</topic><topic>Exact solutions</topic><topic>Fluid-structure interaction</topic><topic>Fluids</topic><topic>Frequency measurement</topic><topic>Glycerol-Water</topic><topic>Liquids</topic><topic>Manometers</topic><topic>Piezoelectric</topic><topic>Piezoelectricity</topic><topic>Quartz</topic><topic>quartz resonator</topic><topic>Resonators</topic><topic>Sensitivity analysis</topic><topic>Sensors</topic><topic>stress compensated (SC)-cut</topic><topic>Thickness</topic><topic>thickness-shear</topic><topic>Vibration</topic><topic>Vibrations</topic><topic>Viscosity</topic><topic>Viscosity measurement</topic><topic>Viscous fluids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ju, Shuai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zahedinejad, Parham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Haifeng</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ju, Shuai</au><au>Zhang, Chen</au><au>Zahedinejad, Parham</au><au>Zhang, Haifeng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SC-Cut Quartz Resonators for Dynamic Liquid Viscosity Measurements</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control</jtitle><stitle>T-UFFC</stitle><addtitle>IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control</addtitle><date>2021-12-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>68</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>3616</spage><epage>3623</epage><pages>3616-3623</pages><issn>0885-3010</issn><eissn>1525-8955</eissn><coden>ITUCER</coden><abstract>This article proposes an innovative viscosity sensor based on the thickness-shear vibration of stress compensated (SC)-cut quartz resonator. The thickness-shear mode is first analyzed and further studied with fluid-structure interaction between the resonator and the viscous fluid loading. The characteristic equation is derived based on the 3-D linear piezoelectric equations and solved for sensitivity analysis. Then laboratory experiment is carried out to validate the theory. To conduct the viscosity measurement, the SC-cut quartz resonator is integrated with a U-tube test fixture, which is designed and fabricated for sensor housing to avoid the influence of the mass of the fluid. The resonator is tested with various viscosities by tuning the ratio of glycerol/water mixture. Experiment results show consistency with the analytical solution, which together present an improved sensitivity of viscosity measurement by using SC-cut quartz resonator comparing to other resonator-based viscosity sensors. The proposed viscosity sensor is sensitive, accurate, and portable, and therefore can be applied to real-time, on-site measurement or sampling of fluidic samples.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><pmid>34255627</pmid><doi>10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3096782</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4538-2228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-521X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6017-7471</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) |
| subjects | Acoustics Eigenvalues Eigenvectors Exact solutions Fluid-structure interaction Fluids Frequency measurement Glycerol-Water Liquids Manometers Piezoelectric Piezoelectricity Quartz quartz resonator Resonators Sensitivity analysis Sensors stress compensated (SC)-cut Thickness thickness-shear Vibration Vibrations Viscosity Viscosity measurement Viscous fluids |
| title | SC-Cut Quartz Resonators for Dynamic Liquid Viscosity Measurements |
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