Synthesis and characterization of promising insensitive energetic salts based on 3-amino-5-hydrazinopyrazole

The development of green energetic materials is based on environmental friendliness, safety and performance improvement. It is of great significance to design and synthesize new nitrogen rich salts for a new generation of green energetic materials. In the present work, a series of 3-amino-5-hydrazinopyrazole energetic salts comprising energetic anions were synthesized and were characterized using elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Compounds 1-5 were further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and the sensitivities were measured by the standard BAM methods. Additionally, the structure-property relationship was elucidated from the experimental results and theoretical calculations. Energetic salts of 2 and 5 exhibited high heat of formation ( 5 , 1160.06 kJ mol −1 ), high decomposition temperature ( 2 , 172 °C; 5 , 186 °C), excellent detonation performance ( 2 , D v , 9076 m s −1 , P 34.1 GPa; 5 , D v , 8974 m s −1 , P 31.9 GPa), moderate sensitivity towards outer stimuli and high nitrogen contents ( 2 , 41.03%; 5 , 63.84%). This work increases future prospects for the design of insensitive and novel high-energy green energetic material. A series of energetic ionic salts based on 3-amino-5-hydrazinopyrazole (HAP) were designed, which served as novel and insensitive green energetic materials.