Insights into extrinsic foot muscle activation during a 75 min run using T2 mapping
The extrinsic foot muscles are essentially for controlling the movement path but our knowledge of their behavior during prolonged running is still very limited. Therefore, this study analyzed the time-course of muscle activation using T2 mapping during 75 min of running. In this prospective study, 1...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2021-04, Vol.11 (1), p.7331-7331, Article 7331 |
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| description | The extrinsic foot muscles are essentially for controlling the movement path but our knowledge of their behavior during prolonged running is still very limited. Therefore, this study analyzed the time-course of muscle activation using T2 mapping during 75 min of running. In this prospective study, 19 recreational active runners completed 75 min of treadmill running at a constant speed. Interleaved T2 mapping sequences were acquired and segmented at timepoints 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 45, and 75 min. ANOVA for repeated measurements followed by a Tukey post hoc test and Pearson correlation between running speed and initial signal increase at 2.5 min were calculated. All muscles showed a significant signal increase between baseline and 2.5 min (e.g. medial gastrocnemius: + 15.48%;
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-021-86810-1 |
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p
< 0.01). This was followed by a plateau phase till 15 min for all but the extensor digitorum longus muscle and a significant decrease at 45 or 75 min for all muscles (all
p
< 0.05). Correlation between running speed and signal increase was negative for all muscles and significant for both gastrocnemii (e.g. medial: r = − 0.57,
p
= 0.0104) and soleus (r = − 0.47,
p
= 0.0412). The decrease of relaxation times times in the later running phases was less pronounced for faster runners (≥ 10 km/h). T2 relaxation times do not only decrease after cessation of exercise but already during prolonged running. The lesser initial increase and later decrease in faster runners may indicate training induced changes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86810-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33795777</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>692/308 ; 692/698/1671/1668/1973 ; 692/700/1421/1628 ; Feet ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Mapping ; multidisciplinary ; Multidisciplinary Sciences ; Muscle contraction ; Muscles ; Running ; Science ; Science & Technology ; Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Skeletal muscle ; Variance analysis</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2021-04, Vol.11 (1), p.7331-7331, Article 7331</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>2</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000636794300018</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c588t-b2e52f178bc00e248dec0ad20dffe3199240574a723116a3ee89fc62c2a834f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c588t-b2e52f178bc00e248dec0ad20dffe3199240574a723116a3ee89fc62c2a834f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5696-9828 ; 0000-0003-4295-4585</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016869/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016869/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,729,782,786,866,887,2106,2118,27933,27934,39267,41129,42198,51585,53800,53802</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33795777$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bratke, Grischa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willwacher, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siedek, Florian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maintz, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mählich, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Kilian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hickethier, Tilman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brüggemann, Gert-Peter</creatorcontrib><title>Insights into extrinsic foot muscle activation during a 75 min run using T2 mapping</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>SCI REP-UK</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>The extrinsic foot muscles are essentially for controlling the movement path but our knowledge of their behavior during prolonged running is still very limited. Therefore, this study analyzed the time-course of muscle activation using T2 mapping during 75 min of running. In this prospective study, 19 recreational active runners completed 75 min of treadmill running at a constant speed. Interleaved T2 mapping sequences were acquired and segmented at timepoints 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 45, and 75 min. ANOVA for repeated measurements followed by a Tukey post hoc test and Pearson correlation between running speed and initial signal increase at 2.5 min were calculated. All muscles showed a significant signal increase between baseline and 2.5 min (e.g. medial gastrocnemius: + 15.48%;
p
< 0.01). This was followed by a plateau phase till 15 min for all but the extensor digitorum longus muscle and a significant decrease at 45 or 75 min for all muscles (all
p
< 0.05). Correlation between running speed and signal increase was negative for all muscles and significant for both gastrocnemii (e.g. medial: r = − 0.57,
p
= 0.0104) and soleus (r = − 0.47,
p
= 0.0412). The decrease of relaxation times times in the later running phases was less pronounced for faster runners (≥ 10 km/h). T2 relaxation times do not only decrease after cessation of exercise but already during prolonged running. The lesser initial increase and later decrease in faster runners may indicate training induced changes.</description><subject>692/308</subject><subject>692/698/1671/1668/1973</subject><subject>692/700/1421/1628</subject><subject>Feet</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Mapping</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Multidisciplinary Sciences</subject><subject>Muscle contraction</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Running</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Science & Technology - Other Topics</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNksuKFDEUhgtRnGGcF3AhATeClOZSuW0Eabw0DLjpfUinkp40XUmZpMbxbXwWn8xU19jOuBCzyeGc7_yck_xN8xzBNwgS8TZ3iErRQoxawQSCLXrUnGPY0RYTjB_fi8-ay5z3sB6KZYfk0-aMEC4p5_y82axD9rvrkoEPJQJ7W5KvGQNcjAUMUzYHC7Qp_kYXHwPop1rfAQ04_flj8AGkKYApz7kNBoMexxo-a544fcj28u6-aDYfP2xWn9urL5_Wq_dXraFClHaLLcUOcbE1EFrcid4aqHsMe-csQVLiDlLeaY4JQkwTa4V0hmGDtSCdIxfNepHto96rMflBp-8qaq-OiZh2Sqfi6wbK9ZT3lEknKe6MQII4Y1GPsYNabtms9W7RGqftYHtjQ0n68ED0YSX4a7WLN0pAxASTVeDVnUCKXyebixp8NvZw0MHGKStMoaCcYSYq-vIvdB-nFOpLzRQXkHaEVwovlEkx52TdaRgE1WwBtVhAVQuoowUUqk0v7q9xavn94RUQC_DNbqPLxttg7AmrHmGEcdmRGiGx8uX466s4hVJbX_9_a6XJQudxdoxNf5b8x_y_ACem3YU</recordid><startdate>20210401</startdate><enddate>20210401</enddate><creator>Bratke, Grischa</creator><creator>Willwacher, Steffen</creator><creator>Siedek, Florian</creator><creator>Maintz, David</creator><creator>Mählich, Daniela</creator><creator>Weiss, Kilian</creator><creator>Hickethier, Tilman</creator><creator>Brüggemann, Gert-Peter</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>NATURE PORTFOLIO</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><general>Nature Portfolio</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-9828</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-4585</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210401</creationdate><title>Insights into extrinsic foot muscle activation during a 75 min run using T2 mapping</title><author>Bratke, Grischa ; 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Therefore, this study analyzed the time-course of muscle activation using T2 mapping during 75 min of running. In this prospective study, 19 recreational active runners completed 75 min of treadmill running at a constant speed. Interleaved T2 mapping sequences were acquired and segmented at timepoints 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 45, and 75 min. ANOVA for repeated measurements followed by a Tukey post hoc test and Pearson correlation between running speed and initial signal increase at 2.5 min were calculated. All muscles showed a significant signal increase between baseline and 2.5 min (e.g. medial gastrocnemius: + 15.48%;
p
< 0.01). This was followed by a plateau phase till 15 min for all but the extensor digitorum longus muscle and a significant decrease at 45 or 75 min for all muscles (all
p
< 0.05). Correlation between running speed and signal increase was negative for all muscles and significant for both gastrocnemii (e.g. medial: r = − 0.57,
p
= 0.0104) and soleus (r = − 0.47,
p
= 0.0412). The decrease of relaxation times times in the later running phases was less pronounced for faster runners (≥ 10 km/h). T2 relaxation times do not only decrease after cessation of exercise but already during prolonged running. The lesser initial increase and later decrease in faster runners may indicate training induced changes.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>33795777</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-021-86810-1</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-9828</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-4585</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 692/308 692/698/1671/1668/1973 692/700/1421/1628 Feet Humanities and Social Sciences Mapping multidisciplinary Multidisciplinary Sciences Muscle contraction Muscles Running Science Science & Technology Science & Technology - Other Topics Science (multidisciplinary) Skeletal muscle Variance analysis |
| title | Insights into extrinsic foot muscle activation during a 75 min run using T2 mapping |
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