The basic immunology of asthma
In many asthmatics, chronic airway inflammation is driven by IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-13-producing Th2 cells or ILC2s. Type 2 cytokines promote hallmark features of the disease such as eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), IgE production, and susceptibility to exacerba...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Cell 2021-03, Vol.184 (6), p.1469-1485 |
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description | In many asthmatics, chronic airway inflammation is driven by IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-13-producing Th2 cells or ILC2s. Type 2 cytokines promote hallmark features of the disease such as eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), IgE production, and susceptibility to exacerbations. However, only half the asthmatics have this “type 2-high” signature, and “type 2-low” asthma is more associated with obesity, presence of neutrophils, and unresponsiveness to corticosteroids, the mainstay asthma therapy. Here, we review the underlying immunological basis of various asthma endotypes by discussing results obtained from animal studies as well as results generated in clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways.
Hammad and Lambrecht review the immunological basis of asthma endotypes by discussing results from animal studies that have unraveled molecular pathways and clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways using molecule-specific biologics. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.016 |
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Hammad and Lambrecht review the immunological basis of asthma endotypes by discussing results from animal studies that have unraveled molecular pathways and clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways using molecule-specific biologics.</description><subject>asthma</subject><subject>Biochemistry & Molecular Biology</subject><subject>biologics</subject><subject>Cell Biology</subject><subject>endotypes</subject><subject>immune cells</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>lung</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><issn>0092-8674</issn><issn>1097-4172</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE1Lw0AQhhdRbK3-AQ-lR0ESZ3azmw14keAXFLzU85JsNnZLk63ZROm_d0trj-JphuF5hpmXkGuEGAHF3SrWZr2OKVCMgcZhdELGCFkaJZjSUzIGyGgkRZqMyIX3KwCQnPNzMmIsRaQ8G5PpYmlmZeGtntmmGVq3dh_bmatnhe-XTXFJzupi7c3VoU7I-9PjIn-J5m_Pr_nDPNJJkvURQywBBNSJLDORGWAlouCiplIiojSAWkgptUlLWXEpK81FkdSoWYZccDYhN_u9m859Dsb3qrF-913RGjd4RTmEeyVLsoDSPao7531narXpbFN0W4WgdrmoldqZapeLAqrCKEjTw_6hbEx1VH6DCMDtHvg2pau9tqbV5oiF5AQDxtMkdMgCLf9P57Yveuva3A1tH9T7vWpCnF_WdOqgV7YzuleVs3898gPbDpDn</recordid><startdate>20210318</startdate><enddate>20210318</enddate><creator>Hammad, Hamida</creator><creator>Lambrecht, Bart N.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4376-6834</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210318</creationdate><title>The basic immunology of asthma</title><author>Hammad, Hamida ; Lambrecht, Bart N.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-311b0060f48b969e03b11656f2881118e01c6888ce7b8d588dc56a4f1c3915653</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>asthma</topic><topic>Biochemistry & Molecular Biology</topic><topic>biologics</topic><topic>Cell Biology</topic><topic>endotypes</topic><topic>immune cells</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>lung</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hammad, Hamida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lambrecht, Bart N.</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Cell</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hammad, Hamida</au><au>Lambrecht, Bart N.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The basic immunology of asthma</atitle><jtitle>Cell</jtitle><stitle>CELL</stitle><addtitle>Cell</addtitle><date>2021-03-18</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>184</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1469</spage><epage>1485</epage><pages>1469-1485</pages><issn>0092-8674</issn><eissn>1097-4172</eissn><abstract>In many asthmatics, chronic airway inflammation is driven by IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-13-producing Th2 cells or ILC2s. Type 2 cytokines promote hallmark features of the disease such as eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), IgE production, and susceptibility to exacerbations. However, only half the asthmatics have this “type 2-high” signature, and “type 2-low” asthma is more associated with obesity, presence of neutrophils, and unresponsiveness to corticosteroids, the mainstay asthma therapy. Here, we review the underlying immunological basis of various asthma endotypes by discussing results obtained from animal studies as well as results generated in clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways.
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subjects | asthma Biochemistry & Molecular Biology biologics Cell Biology endotypes immune cells Life Sciences & Biomedicine lung Science & Technology |
title | The basic immunology of asthma |
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