Growth and socio-economic status, influence on the age at menarche in school going girls
Onset age at menarche has been considered an important indicator of reproductive maturity in females and reflects the health status of the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the mean menarcheal age and to examine whether anthropometric and socio-economic status (SES) influences a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of adolescence (London, England.) England.), 2021-01, Vol.86 (1), p.40-53 |
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| creator | Karim, Asima Qaisar, Rizwan Hussain, M. Azhar |
| description | Onset age at menarche has been considered an important indicator of reproductive maturity in females and reflects the health status of the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the mean menarcheal age and to examine whether anthropometric and socio-economic status (SES) influences age at menarche in the girls from Punjab province of Pakistan.
In this population-based cross-sectional study, 10,050 school-going girls aged 8–16 years from 35 schools across 12 districts of Punjab were recruited. Menarcheal data was obtained by using a questionnaire, while the anthropometric data were obtained by the measurements of standing height, body weight, waist, and hip circumference. The anthropometric indices of pre- and post-menarcheal girls were compared. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and post-hoc Tukey's test was applied for comparison between two and multiple groups respectively, P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.001 |
| format | Article |
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In this population-based cross-sectional study, 10,050 school-going girls aged 8–16 years from 35 schools across 12 districts of Punjab were recruited. Menarcheal data was obtained by using a questionnaire, while the anthropometric data were obtained by the measurements of standing height, body weight, waist, and hip circumference. The anthropometric indices of pre- and post-menarcheal girls were compared. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and post-hoc Tukey's test was applied for comparison between two and multiple groups respectively, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
There was a normal distribution of age at menarche and mean was 12.4 years in the study population. The girls who reached menarche were found to be taller and heavier with higher BMIs, having a greater waist and hip circumference as compared to their pre-menarcheal peers. Waist-hip-ratio was less, and the waist-to-height ratio was higher in post-menarcheal as compared to pre-menarcheal girls. The girls belonging to low SES had delayed onset of menarche as compared to those belonging to middle/high SES.
The age at menarche was associated with SES and changes in various anthropometric measurements reflecting the growth status of girls.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0140-1971</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9254</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33310201</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>LONDON: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent girls ; Age ; Body height ; Body mass index ; Body weight ; Cross-sectional studies ; Economic Status ; Females ; Girls ; Health status ; Height ; Hip circumference ; Menarche ; Pakistan ; Peers ; Psychology ; Psychology, Developmental ; School districts ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic factors ; Socioeconomic status ; Variance analysis ; Waist circumference ; Waist-height-ratio ; Waist-hip-ratio ; Weight</subject><ispartof>Journal of adolescence (London, England.), 2021-01, Vol.86 (1), p.40-53</ispartof><rights>2020 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents</rights><rights>2021 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Academic Press Jan 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>10</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000612301000005</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4632-50068e47761fea07ab6299cfba888bc4ab1845d7f4dea1179eb6ac72f2bd1f8f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4632-50068e47761fea07ab6299cfba888bc4ab1845d7f4dea1179eb6ac72f2bd1f8f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6288-0686 ; 0000-0001-8485-7172 ; 0000-0001-7928-7136</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1016%2Fj.adolescence.2020.12.001$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1016%2Fj.adolescence.2020.12.001$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27929,27930,33779,39262,45579,45580</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33310201$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Karim, Asima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qaisar, Rizwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, M. Azhar</creatorcontrib><title>Growth and socio-economic status, influence on the age at menarche in school going girls</title><title>Journal of adolescence (London, England.)</title><addtitle>J ADOLESCENCE</addtitle><addtitle>J Adolesc</addtitle><description>Onset age at menarche has been considered an important indicator of reproductive maturity in females and reflects the health status of the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the mean menarcheal age and to examine whether anthropometric and socio-economic status (SES) influences age at menarche in the girls from Punjab province of Pakistan.
In this population-based cross-sectional study, 10,050 school-going girls aged 8–16 years from 35 schools across 12 districts of Punjab were recruited. Menarcheal data was obtained by using a questionnaire, while the anthropometric data were obtained by the measurements of standing height, body weight, waist, and hip circumference. The anthropometric indices of pre- and post-menarcheal girls were compared. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and post-hoc Tukey's test was applied for comparison between two and multiple groups respectively, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
There was a normal distribution of age at menarche and mean was 12.4 years in the study population. The girls who reached menarche were found to be taller and heavier with higher BMIs, having a greater waist and hip circumference as compared to their pre-menarcheal peers. Waist-hip-ratio was less, and the waist-to-height ratio was higher in post-menarcheal as compared to pre-menarcheal girls. The girls belonging to low SES had delayed onset of menarche as compared to those belonging to middle/high SES.
The age at menarche was associated with SES and changes in various anthropometric measurements reflecting the growth status of girls.</description><subject>Adolescent girls</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Body height</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Economic Status</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Girls</subject><subject>Health status</subject><subject>Height</subject><subject>Hip circumference</subject><subject>Menarche</subject><subject>Pakistan</subject><subject>Peers</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Psychology, Developmental</subject><subject>School districts</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomic status</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Waist circumference</subject><subject>Waist-height-ratio</subject><subject>Waist-hip-ratio</subject><subject>Weight</subject><issn>0140-1971</issn><issn>1095-9254</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>GIZIO</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV1vFCEUhonR2G31LxiMNyY66znMF3O5HduqaeKNJt4RhoFdNjNQYcam_17G3Rrj1ZIQAnneAzyHkNcIawSsPuzXsveDjko7pdcMWDpnawB8QlYITZk1rCyekhVgARk2NZ6R8xj3AMDqqnxOzvI8x5TCFflxE_z9tKPS9TR6ZX2mlXd-tIrGSU5zfE-tM8O83ES9o9NOU7lNc6KjdjKotLeORrXzfqBbb92Wbm0Y4gvyzMgh6pfH9YJ8v7761n7Kbr_efG43t5kqqpxlJUDFdVHXFRotoZZdxZpGmU5yzjtVyA55Ufa1KXotEetGd5VUNTOs69Fwk1-Qt4e6d8H_nHWcxGiTmGGQTvs5ClbUy7d5WST0zX_o3s_BpdcJVmJeAW84S1RzoFTwMQZtxF2wowwPAkEs-sVe_KNfLPoFMpH0p-yr4w1zN-r-b_LRdwLeHYB73XkTlf1T4hFLDaqQ5YCwjDLR_HS6talf1rvWz25K0c0xagf9cPoXxJfNx8tryDksJtpDDZ3698vqII5P6G3QahK9tyc4-Q0drdCn</recordid><startdate>202101</startdate><enddate>202101</enddate><creator>Karim, Asima</creator><creator>Qaisar, Rizwan</creator><creator>Hussain, M. 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Azhar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Growth and socio-economic status, influence on the age at menarche in school going girls</atitle><jtitle>Journal of adolescence (London, England.)</jtitle><stitle>J ADOLESCENCE</stitle><addtitle>J Adolesc</addtitle><date>2021-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>40</spage><epage>53</epage><pages>40-53</pages><issn>0140-1971</issn><eissn>1095-9254</eissn><abstract>Onset age at menarche has been considered an important indicator of reproductive maturity in females and reflects the health status of the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the mean menarcheal age and to examine whether anthropometric and socio-economic status (SES) influences age at menarche in the girls from Punjab province of Pakistan.
In this population-based cross-sectional study, 10,050 school-going girls aged 8–16 years from 35 schools across 12 districts of Punjab were recruited. Menarcheal data was obtained by using a questionnaire, while the anthropometric data were obtained by the measurements of standing height, body weight, waist, and hip circumference. The anthropometric indices of pre- and post-menarcheal girls were compared. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and post-hoc Tukey's test was applied for comparison between two and multiple groups respectively, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
There was a normal distribution of age at menarche and mean was 12.4 years in the study population. The girls who reached menarche were found to be taller and heavier with higher BMIs, having a greater waist and hip circumference as compared to their pre-menarcheal peers. Waist-hip-ratio was less, and the waist-to-height ratio was higher in post-menarcheal as compared to pre-menarcheal girls. The girls belonging to low SES had delayed onset of menarche as compared to those belonging to middle/high SES.
The age at menarche was associated with SES and changes in various anthropometric measurements reflecting the growth status of girls.</abstract><cop>LONDON</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>33310201</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.001</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-0686</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8485-7172</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7928-7136</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of adolescence (London, England.), 2021-01, Vol.86 (1), p.40-53 |
| issn | 0140-1971 1095-9254 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Sociological Abstracts; Wiley Online Library All Journals; Web of Science - Social Sciences Citation Index – 2021<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /> |
| subjects | Adolescent girls Age Body height Body mass index Body weight Cross-sectional studies Economic Status Females Girls Health status Height Hip circumference Menarche Pakistan Peers Psychology Psychology, Developmental School districts Social Sciences Socioeconomic factors Socioeconomic status Variance analysis Waist circumference Waist-height-ratio Waist-hip-ratio Weight |
| title | Growth and socio-economic status, influence on the age at menarche in school going girls |
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