Analysis of the Direct and Indirect Effects of Nanoparticle Exposure on Microglial and Neuronal Cells In Vitro
Environmental or biomedical exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) can results in translocation and accumulation of NPs in the brain, which can lead to health-related problems. NPs have been shown to induce toxicity to neuronal cells through several direct mechanisms, but only a few studies have also explo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2020-10, Vol.21 (19), p.7030, Article 7030 |
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| creator | Lojk, Jasna Babic, Lea Susjan, Petra Bregar, Vladimir Bostjan Pavlin, Mojca Hafner-Bratkovic, Iva Veranic, Peter |
| description | Environmental or biomedical exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) can results in translocation and accumulation of NPs in the brain, which can lead to health-related problems. NPs have been shown to induce toxicity to neuronal cells through several direct mechanisms, but only a few studies have also explored the indirect effects of NPs, through consequences due to the exposure of neighboring cells to NPs. In this study, we analysed possible direct and indirect effects of NPs (polyacrylic acid (PAA) coated cobalt ferrite NP, TiO2 P25 and maghemite NPs) on immortalized mouse microglial cells and differentiated CAD mouse neuronal cells in monoculture (direct toxicity) or in transwell co-culture system (indirect toxicity). We showed that although the low NP concentrations (2-25 mu g/mL) did not induce changes in cell viability, cytokine secretion or NF-kappa B activation of microglial cells, even low NP concentrations of 10 mu g/mL can affect the cells and change their secretion of protein stress mediators. These can in turn influence neuronal cells in indirect exposure model. Indirect toxicity of NPs is an important and not adequately assessed mechanism of NP toxicity, since it not only affects cells on the exposure sites, but through secretion of signaling mediators, can also affect cells that do not come in direct contact with NPs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms21197030 |
| format | Article |
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| subjects | Animals Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Biocompatibility Brain Cell activation Cell culture Cell differentiation Cell Line Cell Survival - drug effects Cell viability Chemistry Chemistry, Multidisciplinary co-culture Cobalt Cobalt ferrites cytokine secretion Cytokines Cytokines - metabolism Exposure Health aspects Industrial development Life Sciences & Biomedicine Mice Microglia Microglia - cytology Microglia - drug effects nanoparticle Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - toxicity Neurons - cytology Neurons - drug effects Neurotoxicity NF-κB protein Physical Sciences Polyacrylic acid Proteins ROS Science & Technology Titanium dioxide Toxicity |
| title | Analysis of the Direct and Indirect Effects of Nanoparticle Exposure on Microglial and Neuronal Cells In Vitro |
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