Shear stress activates ATOH8 via autocrine VEGF promoting glycolysis dependent-survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation

Metastasis and recurrence, wherein circulating tumour cells (CTCs) play an important role, are the leading causes of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis-initiating CTCs manage to maintain intravascular survival under anoikis, immune attack, and importantly shear stress; however, the underly...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research 2020-01, Vol.39 (1), p.25-16, Article 25
Hauptverfasser: Huang, Qiong, Li, Shaowei, Hu, Xingbin, Sun, Mengting, Wu, Qijing, Dai, Huiru, Tan, Yujing, Sun, Fei, Wang, Chunlin, Rong, Xiaoxiang, Liao, Wangjun, Peng, Jianjun, Xiao, Jianjun, Huang, Li, Wang, Jiao, Liang, Bishan, Lin, Kelin, Liu, Yajing, Shi, Min
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container_issue 1
container_start_page 25
container_title Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research
container_volume 39
creator Huang, Qiong
Li, Shaowei
Hu, Xingbin
Sun, Mengting
Wu, Qijing
Dai, Huiru
Tan, Yujing
Sun, Fei
Wang, Chunlin
Rong, Xiaoxiang
Liao, Wangjun
Peng, Jianjun
Xiao, Jianjun
Huang, Li
Wang, Jiao
Liang, Bishan
Lin, Kelin
Liu, Yajing
Shi, Min
description Metastasis and recurrence, wherein circulating tumour cells (CTCs) play an important role, are the leading causes of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis-initiating CTCs manage to maintain intravascular survival under anoikis, immune attack, and importantly shear stress; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In view of the scarcity of CTCs in the bloodstream, suspended colorectal cancer cells were flowed into the cyclic laminar shear stress (LSS) according to previous studies. Then, we detected these suspended cells with a CK8+/CD45-/DAPI+ phenotype and named them mimic circulating tumour cells (m-CTCs) for subsequent CTCs related researches. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were utilised to analyse gene expression change of m-CTCs sensitive to LSS stimulation. Additionally, we examined atonal bHLH transcription factor 8 (ATOH8) expressions in CTCs among 156 CRC patients and mice by fluorescence in situ hybridisation and flow cytometry. The pro-metabolic and pro-survival functions of ATOH8 were determined by glycolysis assay, live/dead cell vitality assay, anoikis assay, and immunohistochemistry. Further, the concrete up-and-down mechanisms of m-CTC survival promotion by ATOH8 were explored. The m-CTCs actively responded to LSS by triggering the expression of ATOH8, a fluid mechanosensor, with executive roles in intravascular survival and metabolism plasticity. Specifically, ATOH8 was upregulated via activation of VEGFR2/AKT signalling pathway mediated by LSS induced VEGF release. ATOH8 then transcriptionally activated HK2-mediated glycolysis, thus promoting the intravascular survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation. This study elucidates a novel mechanism that an LSS triggered VEGF-VEGFR2-AKT-ATOH8 signal axis mediates m-CTCs survival, thus providing a potential target for the prevention and treatment of hematogenous metastasis in CRC.
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s13046-020-1533-0
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Metastasis-initiating CTCs manage to maintain intravascular survival under anoikis, immune attack, and importantly shear stress; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In view of the scarcity of CTCs in the bloodstream, suspended colorectal cancer cells were flowed into the cyclic laminar shear stress (LSS) according to previous studies. Then, we detected these suspended cells with a CK8+/CD45-/DAPI+ phenotype and named them mimic circulating tumour cells (m-CTCs) for subsequent CTCs related researches. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were utilised to analyse gene expression change of m-CTCs sensitive to LSS stimulation. Additionally, we examined atonal bHLH transcription factor 8 (ATOH8) expressions in CTCs among 156 CRC patients and mice by fluorescence in situ hybridisation and flow cytometry. The pro-metabolic and pro-survival functions of ATOH8 were determined by glycolysis assay, live/dead cell vitality assay, anoikis assay, and immunohistochemistry. Further, the concrete up-and-down mechanisms of m-CTC survival promotion by ATOH8 were explored. The m-CTCs actively responded to LSS by triggering the expression of ATOH8, a fluid mechanosensor, with executive roles in intravascular survival and metabolism plasticity. Specifically, ATOH8 was upregulated via activation of VEGFR2/AKT signalling pathway mediated by LSS induced VEGF release. ATOH8 then transcriptionally activated HK2-mediated glycolysis, thus promoting the intravascular survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation. This study elucidates a novel mechanism that an LSS triggered VEGF-VEGFR2-AKT-ATOH8 signal axis mediates m-CTCs survival, thus providing a potential target for the prevention and treatment of hematogenous metastasis in CRC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1756-9966</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0392-9078</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1756-9966</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-1533-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32000836</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Apoptosis ; ATOH8 ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors - metabolism ; Cancer cells ; Cancer metastasis ; Cancer research ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival - physiology ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal cancer ; Colorectal Neoplasms - blood ; Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology ; Death ; Endothelial growth factors ; Experiments ; Female ; Flow velocity ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent antibody technique ; Gene expression ; Genes ; Genotype &amp; phenotype ; Glucose metabolism ; Glycolysis ; HCT116 Cells ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laboratory animals ; Laminar shear stress ; Liver cancer ; Medical prognosis ; Medical research ; Metastasis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating - metabolism ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating - pathology ; Novels ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Recurrence (Disease) ; Shear Strength ; Shear stress ; Software ; Stem cells ; Tumors ; Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism ; VEGF</subject><ispartof>Journal of experimental &amp; clinical cancer research, 2020-01, Vol.39 (1), p.25-16, Article 25</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s). 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c591t-bebecea09903e4c4995855b5a8835bca32df423fb819848c24fe291378ec6c8a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c591t-bebecea09903e4c4995855b5a8835bca32df423fb819848c24fe291378ec6c8a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6993408/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6993408/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32000836$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, Qiong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shaowei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Xingbin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Mengting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Qijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Huiru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tan, Yujing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chunlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rong, Xiaoxiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liao, Wangjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Bishan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Kelin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yajing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Min</creatorcontrib><title>Shear stress activates ATOH8 via autocrine VEGF promoting glycolysis dependent-survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation</title><title>Journal of experimental &amp; clinical cancer research</title><addtitle>J Exp Clin Cancer Res</addtitle><description>Metastasis and recurrence, wherein circulating tumour cells (CTCs) play an important role, are the leading causes of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis-initiating CTCs manage to maintain intravascular survival under anoikis, immune attack, and importantly shear stress; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In view of the scarcity of CTCs in the bloodstream, suspended colorectal cancer cells were flowed into the cyclic laminar shear stress (LSS) according to previous studies. Then, we detected these suspended cells with a CK8+/CD45-/DAPI+ phenotype and named them mimic circulating tumour cells (m-CTCs) for subsequent CTCs related researches. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were utilised to analyse gene expression change of m-CTCs sensitive to LSS stimulation. Additionally, we examined atonal bHLH transcription factor 8 (ATOH8) expressions in CTCs among 156 CRC patients and mice by fluorescence in situ hybridisation and flow cytometry. The pro-metabolic and pro-survival functions of ATOH8 were determined by glycolysis assay, live/dead cell vitality assay, anoikis assay, and immunohistochemistry. Further, the concrete up-and-down mechanisms of m-CTC survival promotion by ATOH8 were explored. The m-CTCs actively responded to LSS by triggering the expression of ATOH8, a fluid mechanosensor, with executive roles in intravascular survival and metabolism plasticity. Specifically, ATOH8 was upregulated via activation of VEGFR2/AKT signalling pathway mediated by LSS induced VEGF release. ATOH8 then transcriptionally activated HK2-mediated glycolysis, thus promoting the intravascular survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation. This study elucidates a novel mechanism that an LSS triggered VEGF-VEGFR2-AKT-ATOH8 signal axis mediates m-CTCs survival, thus providing a potential target for the prevention and treatment of hematogenous metastasis in CRC.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>ATOH8</subject><subject>Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><subject>Cancer cells</subject><subject>Cancer metastasis</subject><subject>Cancer research</subject><subject>Cell Line, Tumor</subject><subject>Cell Survival - physiology</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Colorectal cancer</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - blood</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>Endothelial growth factors</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flow velocity</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Fluorescent antibody technique</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genotype &amp; 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clinical cancer research</jtitle><addtitle>J Exp Clin Cancer Res</addtitle><date>2020-01-30</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>25</spage><epage>16</epage><pages>25-16</pages><artnum>25</artnum><issn>1756-9966</issn><issn>0392-9078</issn><eissn>1756-9966</eissn><abstract>Metastasis and recurrence, wherein circulating tumour cells (CTCs) play an important role, are the leading causes of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis-initiating CTCs manage to maintain intravascular survival under anoikis, immune attack, and importantly shear stress; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In view of the scarcity of CTCs in the bloodstream, suspended colorectal cancer cells were flowed into the cyclic laminar shear stress (LSS) according to previous studies. Then, we detected these suspended cells with a CK8+/CD45-/DAPI+ phenotype and named them mimic circulating tumour cells (m-CTCs) for subsequent CTCs related researches. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were utilised to analyse gene expression change of m-CTCs sensitive to LSS stimulation. Additionally, we examined atonal bHLH transcription factor 8 (ATOH8) expressions in CTCs among 156 CRC patients and mice by fluorescence in situ hybridisation and flow cytometry. The pro-metabolic and pro-survival functions of ATOH8 were determined by glycolysis assay, live/dead cell vitality assay, anoikis assay, and immunohistochemistry. Further, the concrete up-and-down mechanisms of m-CTC survival promotion by ATOH8 were explored. The m-CTCs actively responded to LSS by triggering the expression of ATOH8, a fluid mechanosensor, with executive roles in intravascular survival and metabolism plasticity. Specifically, ATOH8 was upregulated via activation of VEGFR2/AKT signalling pathway mediated by LSS induced VEGF release. ATOH8 then transcriptionally activated HK2-mediated glycolysis, thus promoting the intravascular survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation. This study elucidates a novel mechanism that an LSS triggered VEGF-VEGFR2-AKT-ATOH8 signal axis mediates m-CTCs survival, thus providing a potential target for the prevention and treatment of hematogenous metastasis in CRC.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>32000836</pmid><doi>10.1186/s13046-020-1533-0</doi><tpages>16</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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language eng
recordid cdi_pubmed_primary_32000836
source MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access; Springer Nature OA Free Journals
subjects Animals
Apoptosis
ATOH8
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors - metabolism
Cancer cells
Cancer metastasis
Cancer research
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival - physiology
Cohort Studies
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal Neoplasms - blood
Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism
Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology
Death
Endothelial growth factors
Experiments
Female
Flow velocity
Fluorescence
Fluorescent antibody technique
Gene expression
Genes
Genotype & phenotype
Glucose metabolism
Glycolysis
HCT116 Cells
HT29 Cells
Humans
Hypertension
Immunohistochemistry
Laboratory animals
Laminar shear stress
Liver cancer
Medical prognosis
Medical research
Metastasis
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mice, Nude
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplastic Cells, Circulating - metabolism
Neoplastic Cells, Circulating - pathology
Novels
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Polymerase chain reaction
Recurrence (Disease)
Shear Strength
Shear stress
Software
Stem cells
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism
VEGF
title Shear stress activates ATOH8 via autocrine VEGF promoting glycolysis dependent-survival of colorectal cancer cells in the circulation
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