Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore
Leprosy is also known as Hansen disease, as in some countries the diagnosis of leprosy carries a negative stigma and patients fear being shunned as outcasts. Presently, leprosy is primarily limited to specific geographical regions in resource-poor countries. As a result, there is increased difficult...
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description | Leprosy is also known as Hansen disease, as in some countries the diagnosis of leprosy carries a negative stigma and patients fear being shunned as outcasts. Presently, leprosy is primarily limited to specific geographical regions in resource-poor countries. As a result, there is increased difficulty for the younger generation of physicians today to correctly identify leprosy due to a lack of exposure and a low-index of suspicion, particularly in developed countries. In this case, the indurated lesions over the face demonstrated a preference for the outer lateral aspects over the maxillary areas, the nose bridge, and the pinna of the ears consistent with the organism’s preference for cooler regions of the body. This was also evident in the other skin lesions affecting the more acral regions of the limbs in the early stage of disease progression. There is a need to keep this infective condition as an alternate diagnosis to all unusual cutaneous lesions. |
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Presently, leprosy is primarily limited to specific geographical regions in resource-poor countries. As a result, there is increased difficulty for the younger generation of physicians today to correctly identify leprosy due to a lack of exposure and a low-index of suspicion, particularly in developed countries. In this case, the indurated lesions over the face demonstrated a preference for the outer lateral aspects over the maxillary areas, the nose bridge, and the pinna of the ears consistent with the organism’s preference for cooler regions of the body. This was also evident in the other skin lesions affecting the more acral regions of the limbs in the early stage of disease progression. There is a need to keep this infective condition as an alternate diagnosis to all unusual cutaneous lesions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1662-6567</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1662-6567</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1159/000462959</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29606944</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Case reports ; Development and progression ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Family medical history ; Fever ; Gangrene ; Industrialized countries ; Infections ; Lepromatous leprosy ; Lepromatous lymphadenitis ; Leprosy ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphatic diseases ; Lymphatic system ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Phosphatase ; Physicians ; Single Case ; Skin ; TNF inhibitors ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><ispartof>Case Reports in Dermatology, 2018-01, Vol.10 (1), p.35-40</ispartof><rights>2018 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 S. Karger AG</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 by S. Karger AG, Basel 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c552t-afb8773e6f97cc9660ae6bd3aa17624a4513564a1abb63c3542398fd19381c543</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c552t-afb8773e6f97cc9660ae6bd3aa17624a4513564a1abb63c3542398fd19381c543</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5869576/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5869576/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,27635,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29606944$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Shi Yao Sam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leong, Wai Mun Sean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasunuran, Cruz Maria Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Jing Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ho, Sue-Ann Ju Ee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aw, Chen Wee Derrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Merchant, Reshma A.</creatorcontrib><title>Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore</title><title>Case Reports in Dermatology</title><addtitle>Case Rep Dermatol</addtitle><description>Leprosy is also known as Hansen disease, as in some countries the diagnosis of leprosy carries a negative stigma and patients fear being shunned as outcasts. 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There is a need to keep this infective condition as an alternate diagnosis to all unusual cutaneous lesions.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Case reports</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Edema</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Fever</subject><subject>Gangrene</subject><subject>Industrialized countries</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Lepromatous leprosy</subject><subject>Lepromatous lymphadenitis</subject><subject>Leprosy</subject><subject>Lymphadenitis</subject><subject>Lymphatic diseases</subject><subject>Lymphatic system</subject><subject>Mycobacterium leprae</subject><subject>Phosphatase</subject><subject>Physicians</subject><subject>Single Case</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>TNF inhibitors</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><issn>1662-6567</issn><issn>1662-6567</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>M--</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkkGP0zAQhSMEYpeFA3eELHHi0MV2bCfhgFSVLqxUCSTYszVxJqlLa2ftZEVP_HVcUsquhHywNX7vmxl7suwlo5eMyeodpVQoXsnqUXbOlOIzJVXx-N75LHsW44ZSVUmVP83OeKXSWYjz7Nfy54Au2jskK-yD38Hgx0hW-12_hgadHWwkXwMabKzrkiZa7yLxjgxrJFdgkIBryBLC1tcY35O5IzdujCNsD7aIboAhWYhvpwRxT6wj3xIMeh_wefakhW3EF8f9Iru5Wn5ffJ6tvny6XsxXMyMlH2bQ1mVR5KjaqjCmUooCqrrJAVihuAAhWS6VAAZ1rXKTS8HzqmwbVuUlM1LkF9n1xG08bHQf7A7CXnuw-k_Ah05DGKzZos6LirYMS1EXUkgjgCJyTqVpgYNSB9aHidWP9Q4bk3oMsH0AfXjj7Fp3_k7LMn1AoRLgzREQ_O2IcdAbPwaX-teccZmLUlZlUl1Oqg5SVda1PsFMWg3urPEOW5vic1nSouClYsnwdjKY9MwxYHsqiVF9GBR9GpSkfX2_h5Py72T8q_EHhA7DSbD4uJwQum_apHr1X9Uxy2-h8M44</recordid><startdate>20180101</startdate><enddate>20180101</enddate><creator>Yang, Shi Yao Sam</creator><creator>Leong, Wai Mun Sean</creator><creator>Kasunuran, Cruz Maria Teresa</creator><creator>Huang, Jing Xiang</creator><creator>Ho, Sue-Ann Ju Ee</creator><creator>Aw, Chen Wee Derrick</creator><creator>Merchant, Reshma A.</creator><general>S. Karger AG</general><general>Karger Publishers</general><scope>M--</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IAO</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180101</creationdate><title>Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore</title><author>Yang, Shi Yao Sam ; Leong, Wai Mun Sean ; Kasunuran, Cruz Maria Teresa ; Huang, Jing Xiang ; Ho, Sue-Ann Ju Ee ; Aw, Chen Wee Derrick ; Merchant, Reshma A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c552t-afb8773e6f97cc9660ae6bd3aa17624a4513564a1abb63c3542398fd19381c543</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Abdomen</topic><topic>Case reports</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Edema</topic><topic>Family medical history</topic><topic>Fever</topic><topic>Gangrene</topic><topic>Industrialized countries</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Lepromatous leprosy</topic><topic>Lepromatous lymphadenitis</topic><topic>Leprosy</topic><topic>Lymphadenitis</topic><topic>Lymphatic diseases</topic><topic>Lymphatic system</topic><topic>Mycobacterium leprae</topic><topic>Phosphatase</topic><topic>Physicians</topic><topic>Single Case</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>TNF inhibitors</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Shi Yao Sam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leong, Wai Mun Sean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasunuran, Cruz Maria Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Jing Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ho, Sue-Ann Ju Ee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aw, Chen Wee Derrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Merchant, Reshma A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Karger Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale Academic OneFile</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Case Reports in Dermatology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Shi Yao Sam</au><au>Leong, Wai Mun Sean</au><au>Kasunuran, Cruz Maria Teresa</au><au>Huang, Jing Xiang</au><au>Ho, Sue-Ann Ju Ee</au><au>Aw, Chen Wee Derrick</au><au>Merchant, Reshma A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore</atitle><jtitle>Case Reports in Dermatology</jtitle><addtitle>Case Rep Dermatol</addtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>35</spage><epage>40</epage><pages>35-40</pages><issn>1662-6567</issn><eissn>1662-6567</eissn><abstract>Leprosy is also known as Hansen disease, as in some countries the diagnosis of leprosy carries a negative stigma and patients fear being shunned as outcasts. 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subjects | Abdomen Case reports Development and progression Diagnosis Edema Family medical history Fever Gangrene Industrialized countries Infections Lepromatous leprosy Lepromatous lymphadenitis Leprosy Lymphadenitis Lymphatic diseases Lymphatic system Mycobacterium leprae Phosphatase Physicians Single Case Skin TNF inhibitors Tumor necrosis factor-TNF |
title | Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore |
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