Eye Gaze Behavior at Turn Transition: How Aphasic Patients Process Speakers' Turns during Video Observation

The human turn-taking system regulates the smooth and precise exchange of speaking turns during face-to-face interaction. Recent studies investigated the processing of ongoing turns during conversation by measuring the eye movements of noninvolved observers. The findings suggest that humans shift th...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of cognitive neuroscience 2016-10, Vol.28 (10), p.1613-1624
Hauptverfasser: Preisig, Basil C., Eggenberger, Noëmi, Zito, Giuseppe, Vanbellingen, Tim, Schumacher, Rahel, Hopfner, Simone, Gutbrod, Klemens, Nyffeler, Thomas, Cazzoli, Dario, Annoni, Jean-Marie, Bohlhalter, Stephan, Müri, René M.
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container_end_page 1624
container_issue 10
container_start_page 1613
container_title Journal of cognitive neuroscience
container_volume 28
creator Preisig, Basil C.
Eggenberger, Noëmi
Zito, Giuseppe
Vanbellingen, Tim
Schumacher, Rahel
Hopfner, Simone
Gutbrod, Klemens
Nyffeler, Thomas
Cazzoli, Dario
Annoni, Jean-Marie
Bohlhalter, Stephan
Müri, René M.
description The human turn-taking system regulates the smooth and precise exchange of speaking turns during face-to-face interaction. Recent studies investigated the processing of ongoing turns during conversation by measuring the eye movements of noninvolved observers. The findings suggest that humans shift their gaze in anticipation to the next speaker before the start of the next turn. Moreover, there is evidence that the ability to timely detect turn transitions mainly relies on the lexico-syntactic content provided by the conversation. Consequently, patients with aphasia, who often experience deficits in both semantic and syntactic processing, might encounter difficulties to detect and timely shift their gaze at turn transitions. To test this assumption, we presented video vignettes of natural conversations to aphasic patients and healthy controls, while their eye movements were measured. The frequency and latency of event-related gaze shifts, with respect to the end of the current turn in the videos, were compared between the two groups. Our results suggest that, compared with healthy controls, aphasic patients have a reduced probability to shift their gaze at turn transitions but do not show significantly increased gaze shift latencies. In healthy controls, but not in aphasic patients, the probability to shift the gaze at turn transition was increased when the video content of the current turn had a higher lexico-syntactic complexity. Furthermore, the results from voxel-based lesion symptom mapping indicate that the association between lexico-syntactic complexity and gaze shift latency in aphasic patients is predicted by brain lesions located in the posterior branch of the left arcuate fasciculus. Higher lexico-syntactic processing demands seem to lead to a reduced gaze shift probability in aphasic patients. This finding may represent missed opportunities for patients to place their contributions during everyday conversation.
doi_str_mv 10.1162/jocn_a_00983
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Recent studies investigated the processing of ongoing turns during conversation by measuring the eye movements of noninvolved observers. The findings suggest that humans shift their gaze in anticipation to the next speaker before the start of the next turn. Moreover, there is evidence that the ability to timely detect turn transitions mainly relies on the lexico-syntactic content provided by the conversation. Consequently, patients with aphasia, who often experience deficits in both semantic and syntactic processing, might encounter difficulties to detect and timely shift their gaze at turn transitions. To test this assumption, we presented video vignettes of natural conversations to aphasic patients and healthy controls, while their eye movements were measured. The frequency and latency of event-related gaze shifts, with respect to the end of the current turn in the videos, were compared between the two groups. Our results suggest that, compared with healthy controls, aphasic patients have a reduced probability to shift their gaze at turn transitions but do not show significantly increased gaze shift latencies. In healthy controls, but not in aphasic patients, the probability to shift the gaze at turn transition was increased when the video content of the current turn had a higher lexico-syntactic complexity. Furthermore, the results from voxel-based lesion symptom mapping indicate that the association between lexico-syntactic complexity and gaze shift latency in aphasic patients is predicted by brain lesions located in the posterior branch of the left arcuate fasciculus. Higher lexico-syntactic processing demands seem to lead to a reduced gaze shift probability in aphasic patients. 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subjects Adult
Analysis of Variance
Aphasia - diagnostic imaging
Aphasia - physiopathology
Aphasia - psychology
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Eye Movement Measurements
Eye Movements - physiology
Eyes & eyesight
Female
Humans
Male
Motion Perception - physiology
Neurosciences
Probability
Social Perception
Speech Perception - physiology
Verbal communication
Video
title Eye Gaze Behavior at Turn Transition: How Aphasic Patients Process Speakers' Turns during Video Observation
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