Effects of short- and long-duration hypothyroidism on function of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
The effects of hypothyroidism on the functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were investigated in adult male rats. HPA axis function was examined in vivo in sham-thyroidectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats or in thyroidectomized rats for 7 (short-term hypothyroidism) or 6...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of endocrinological investigation 2013-02, Vol.36 (2), p.104-110 |
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| container_title | Journal of endocrinological investigation |
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| creator | Johnson, E. O. Kamilaris, T. C. Calogero, A. E. Konstandi, M. Chrousos, G. P. |
| description | The effects of hypothyroidism on the functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were investigated in adult male rats. HPA axis function was examined
in vivo
in sham-thyroidectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats or in thyroidectomized rats for 7 (short-term hypothyroidism) or 60 (long-term hypothyroidism) days. Peripheral ACTH and corticosterone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and interleukin (IL)-1α stimulation were used to indirectly assess the hypothalamic CRH neuron. Hypothyroidism resulted in exaggerated ACTH responses to both hypoglycemic stress and IL-1α administration. The adrenal cortex of hypothyroid animals showed a significant reduction in adrenal reserves, as assessed by its response to low-dose ACTH, following suppression of the HPA axis with dexamethasone. Hypothyroid rats were also associated with significant decreases in cerebrospinal fluid corticosterone concentrations and decreased adrenal weights. The findings suggest that experimentally induced hypothyroidism is associated with a mild, yet significant, adrenal insufficiency, which involves abnormalities in all components of the HPA axis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3275/8454 |
| format | Article |
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in vivo
in sham-thyroidectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats or in thyroidectomized rats for 7 (short-term hypothyroidism) or 60 (long-term hypothyroidism) days. Peripheral ACTH and corticosterone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and interleukin (IL)-1α stimulation were used to indirectly assess the hypothalamic CRH neuron. Hypothyroidism resulted in exaggerated ACTH responses to both hypoglycemic stress and IL-1α administration. The adrenal cortex of hypothyroid animals showed a significant reduction in adrenal reserves, as assessed by its response to low-dose ACTH, following suppression of the HPA axis with dexamethasone. Hypothyroid rats were also associated with significant decreases in cerebrospinal fluid corticosterone concentrations and decreased adrenal weights. The findings suggest that experimentally induced hypothyroidism is associated with a mild, yet significant, adrenal insufficiency, which involves abnormalities in all components of the HPA axis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0391-4097</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1720-8386</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3275/8454</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22714027</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Adrenal Insufficiency - chemically induced ; Adrenal Insufficiency - metabolism ; Adrenal Insufficiency - physiopathology ; Animals ; Endocrinology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology ; Hypothyroidism - physiopathology ; Insulin - metabolism ; Insulin - physiology ; Insulin - toxicity ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; Original Article ; Pituitary-Adrenal System - drug effects ; Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thyroid Hormones - physiology ; Thyroidectomy - methods</subject><ispartof>Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2013-02, Vol.36 (2), p.104-110</ispartof><rights>Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c276t-61b64746c05a1035749005b58ee43cf5e7662dd0899e33b9e9868a2b8600ed913</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c276t-61b64746c05a1035749005b58ee43cf5e7662dd0899e33b9e9868a2b8600ed913</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3275/8454$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.3275/8454$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22714027$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Johnson, E. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamilaris, T. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calogero, A. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Konstandi, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chrousos, G. P.</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of short- and long-duration hypothyroidism on function of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis</title><title>Journal of endocrinological investigation</title><addtitle>J Endocrinol Invest</addtitle><addtitle>J Endocrinol Invest</addtitle><description>The effects of hypothyroidism on the functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were investigated in adult male rats. HPA axis function was examined
in vivo
in sham-thyroidectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats or in thyroidectomized rats for 7 (short-term hypothyroidism) or 60 (long-term hypothyroidism) days. Peripheral ACTH and corticosterone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and interleukin (IL)-1α stimulation were used to indirectly assess the hypothalamic CRH neuron. Hypothyroidism resulted in exaggerated ACTH responses to both hypoglycemic stress and IL-1α administration. The adrenal cortex of hypothyroid animals showed a significant reduction in adrenal reserves, as assessed by its response to low-dose ACTH, following suppression of the HPA axis with dexamethasone. Hypothyroid rats were also associated with significant decreases in cerebrospinal fluid corticosterone concentrations and decreased adrenal weights. The findings suggest that experimentally induced hypothyroidism is associated with a mild, yet significant, adrenal insufficiency, which involves abnormalities in all components of the HPA axis.</description><subject>Adrenal Insufficiency - chemically induced</subject><subject>Adrenal Insufficiency - metabolism</subject><subject>Adrenal Insufficiency - physiopathology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects</subject><subject>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism - physiopathology</subject><subject>Insulin - metabolism</subject><subject>Insulin - physiology</subject><subject>Insulin - toxicity</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pituitary-Adrenal System - drug effects</subject><subject>Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Thyroid Hormones - physiology</subject><subject>Thyroidectomy - methods</subject><issn>0391-4097</issn><issn>1720-8386</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo1kEtLAzEUhYMotrb-BcnGZTTvx1JKfUDBja6HzCTTSZkXSQbsv3dq6-rCPd-9nHMAWBP8xKgSz5oLfgWWRFGMNNPyGiwxMwRxbNQC3KV0wJgpptUtWFCqCMdULUG3rWtf5QSHGqZmiBlB2zvYDv0euSnaHIYeNsdxyM0xDsGF1MF5U0999SfNZ7nxcAYvlG1tFyo0hjyFbOMRWRd9b1tof0Jag5vatsnfX-YKfL9uvzbvaPf59rF52aGKKpmRJKXkissKC0swE4objEUptPecVbXwSkrqHNbGeMZK442W2tJSS4y9M4StwMP57ziVnXfFGEM3eyn-c8_A4xlIs9TvfSwOwxRnm6kguDj1WZz6ZL9VImVC</recordid><startdate>20130201</startdate><enddate>20130201</enddate><creator>Johnson, E. O.</creator><creator>Kamilaris, T. C.</creator><creator>Calogero, A. E.</creator><creator>Konstandi, M.</creator><creator>Chrousos, G. P.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130201</creationdate><title>Effects of short- and long-duration hypothyroidism on function of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis</title><author>Johnson, E. O. ; Kamilaris, T. C. ; Calogero, A. E. ; Konstandi, M. ; Chrousos, G. P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c276t-61b64746c05a1035749005b58ee43cf5e7662dd0899e33b9e9868a2b8600ed913</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adrenal Insufficiency - chemically induced</topic><topic>Adrenal Insufficiency - metabolism</topic><topic>Adrenal Insufficiency - physiopathology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Endocrinology</topic><topic>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects</topic><topic>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism - physiopathology</topic><topic>Insulin - metabolism</topic><topic>Insulin - physiology</topic><topic>Insulin - toxicity</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Pituitary-Adrenal System - drug effects</topic><topic>Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Thyroid Hormones - physiology</topic><topic>Thyroidectomy - methods</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Johnson, E. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamilaris, T. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calogero, A. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Konstandi, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chrousos, G. P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><jtitle>Journal of endocrinological investigation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Johnson, E. O.</au><au>Kamilaris, T. C.</au><au>Calogero, A. E.</au><au>Konstandi, M.</au><au>Chrousos, G. P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of short- and long-duration hypothyroidism on function of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis</atitle><jtitle>Journal of endocrinological investigation</jtitle><stitle>J Endocrinol Invest</stitle><addtitle>J Endocrinol Invest</addtitle><date>2013-02-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>104</spage><epage>110</epage><pages>104-110</pages><issn>0391-4097</issn><eissn>1720-8386</eissn><abstract>The effects of hypothyroidism on the functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were investigated in adult male rats. HPA axis function was examined
in vivo
in sham-thyroidectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats or in thyroidectomized rats for 7 (short-term hypothyroidism) or 60 (long-term hypothyroidism) days. Peripheral ACTH and corticosterone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and interleukin (IL)-1α stimulation were used to indirectly assess the hypothalamic CRH neuron. Hypothyroidism resulted in exaggerated ACTH responses to both hypoglycemic stress and IL-1α administration. The adrenal cortex of hypothyroid animals showed a significant reduction in adrenal reserves, as assessed by its response to low-dose ACTH, following suppression of the HPA axis with dexamethasone. Hypothyroid rats were also associated with significant decreases in cerebrospinal fluid corticosterone concentrations and decreased adrenal weights. The findings suggest that experimentally induced hypothyroidism is associated with a mild, yet significant, adrenal insufficiency, which involves abnormalities in all components of the HPA axis.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>22714027</pmid><doi>10.3275/8454</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adrenal Insufficiency - chemically induced Adrenal Insufficiency - metabolism Adrenal Insufficiency - physiopathology Animals Endocrinology Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology Hypothyroidism - physiopathology Insulin - metabolism Insulin - physiology Insulin - toxicity Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases Original Article Pituitary-Adrenal System - drug effects Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Thyroid Hormones - physiology Thyroidectomy - methods |
| title | Effects of short- and long-duration hypothyroidism on function of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis |
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