Individual and social learning processes involved in the acquisition and generalization of tool use in macaques

Macaques can efficiently use several tools, but their capacity to discriminate the relevant physical features of a tool and the social factors contributing to their acquisition are still poorly explored. In a series of studies, we investigated macaques' ability to generalize the use of a stick...

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Veröffentlicht in:Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences 2012-01, Vol.367 (1585), p.24-36
Hauptverfasser: Macellini, S., Maranesi, M., Bonini, L., Simone, L., Rozzi, S., Ferrari, P. F., Fogassi, L.
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container_end_page 36
container_issue 1585
container_start_page 24
container_title Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences
container_volume 367
creator Macellini, S.
Maranesi, M.
Bonini, L.
Simone, L.
Rozzi, S.
Ferrari, P. F.
Fogassi, L.
description Macaques can efficiently use several tools, but their capacity to discriminate the relevant physical features of a tool and the social factors contributing to their acquisition are still poorly explored. In a series of studies, we investigated macaques' ability to generalize the use of a stick as a tool to new objects having different physical features (study 1), or to new contexts, requiring them to adapt the previously learned motor strategy (study 2). We then assessed whether the observation of a skilled model might facilitate tool-use learning by naive observer monkeys (study 3). Results of study 1 and study 2 showed that monkeys trained to use a tool generalize this ability to tools of different shape and length, and learn to adapt their motor strategy to a new task. Study 3 demonstrated that observing a skilled model increases the observers' manipulations of a stick, thus facilitating the individual discovery of the relevant properties of this object as a tool. These findings support the view that in macaques, the motor system can be modified through tool use and that it has a limited capacity to adjust the learnt motor skills to a new context. Social factors, although important to facilitate the interaction with tools, are not crucial for tool-use learning.
doi_str_mv 10.1098/rstb.2011.0125
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subjects Action Perception
Animals
Body Schema
Chimpanzees
Cognition
Generalization (Psychology) - physiology
Learning
Learning - physiology
Macaca
Macaca - psychology
Male
Mirror Neurons
Models, Animal
Monkeys
Motor ability
Motor Skills - physiology
Observational learning
Primates
Sensorimotor Experience
Social interaction
Stone tools
Tool Selection
Tool Use Behavior - physiology
Yogurt
title Individual and social learning processes involved in the acquisition and generalization of tool use in macaques
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