Effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning
Two trials were conducted to study the effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacterial counts, metabolites and functional traits of the gut in weaned piglets. In the first experiment (Exp. I), 25 piglets (28 d, 6.59 ± 0.48 kg BW) were allocated to five dietary treatments: a cont...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of animal nutrition 2010-04, Vol.64 (2), p.136-154 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 154 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 2 |
| container_start_page | 136 |
| container_title | Archives of animal nutrition |
| container_volume | 64 |
| creator | Michiels, Joris Missotten, Joris Van Hoorick, An Ovyn, Anneke Fremaut, Dirk De Smet, Stefaan Dierick, Noël |
| description | Two trials were conducted to study the effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacterial counts, metabolites and functional traits of the gut in weaned piglets. In the first experiment (Exp. I), 25 piglets (28 d, 6.59 ± 0.48 kg BW) were allocated to five dietary treatments: a control diet, or the same diet supplemented with either carvacrol or thymol at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. In the second experiment (Exp. II), 35 piglets (28 d, 7.99 ± 0.73 kg BW) were assigned to seven dietary treatments: the same control diet as in Exp. I, or this diet supplemented with thymol in one of three formulations (on celite, on alphacel or microencapsulated) at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. At 11/12 days post-weaning piglets were euthanised, and digesta from stomach, proximal and distal small intestine were sampled for bacteriological and biochemical analysis. Small intestinal tissue was sampled for histo-morphological determinations. In none of the experiments or sections of the gut was the number of bacteria lowered by the carvacrol or thymol supplementation. In Exp. I, the villus/crypt ratio at the distal small intestine for the experimental diets (1.30-1.32) was higher than for the control diet (1.24) (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/17450390903499915 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmed_primary_20481352</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>733185543</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-50e074969566350ba21dc1551fa3c49f141ccdbabbf3877c19a59f1c2f2ebd693</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFUU1vFSEUJUZja_UHuDHETVejMMAwJG5M06pJEzdt4o7cYeCVhhmewFjftr-8TF91YRO74uZ8Afcg9JaSD5T05COVXBCmiCKMK6WoeIYOKZeyaXsqn9e58k0V_DhAr3K-JoQx1smX6KAlvKdMtIfo9tQ5a0rG0eExZothHrGLaVoCFB_nFTeQfoFJMdyT5Wo31bFSA5hik4d7OMfJYrfMZnVBwCWB38eWK4s3S8F-xlu_Cbai4KoR31iY_bx5jV44CNm-eTiP0OXZ6cXJ1-b8-5dvJ5_PG8M7UhpBLJFcdUp0HRNkgJaOhgpBHTDDlaOcGjMOMAyO9VIaqkBU1LSutcPYKXaEjve52xR_LjYXPflsbAgw27hkrQivW6GCPamUjNFeCL4q3_-jvI5Lqv_Puu_WZ8h-vZjuRXWHOSfr9Db5CdJOU6LXIvWjIqvn3UPwMkx2_Ov401wVfNoL_LzWBTcxhVEX2IWYXILZ-KzZ__Llk_ZHLl1-F3YHKZC-hg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>863877789</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Taylor & Francis Journals</source><creator>Michiels, Joris ; Missotten, Joris ; Van Hoorick, An ; Ovyn, Anneke ; Fremaut, Dirk ; De Smet, Stefaan ; Dierick, Noël</creator><creatorcontrib>Michiels, Joris ; Missotten, Joris ; Van Hoorick, An ; Ovyn, Anneke ; Fremaut, Dirk ; De Smet, Stefaan ; Dierick, Noël</creatorcontrib><description>Two trials were conducted to study the effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacterial counts, metabolites and functional traits of the gut in weaned piglets. In the first experiment (Exp. I), 25 piglets (28 d, 6.59 ± 0.48 kg BW) were allocated to five dietary treatments: a control diet, or the same diet supplemented with either carvacrol or thymol at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. In the second experiment (Exp. II), 35 piglets (28 d, 7.99 ± 0.73 kg BW) were assigned to seven dietary treatments: the same control diet as in Exp. I, or this diet supplemented with thymol in one of three formulations (on celite, on alphacel or microencapsulated) at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. At 11/12 days post-weaning piglets were euthanised, and digesta from stomach, proximal and distal small intestine were sampled for bacteriological and biochemical analysis. Small intestinal tissue was sampled for histo-morphological determinations. In none of the experiments or sections of the gut was the number of bacteria lowered by the carvacrol or thymol supplementation. In Exp. I, the villus/crypt ratio at the distal small intestine for the experimental diets (1.30-1.32) was higher than for the control diet (1.24) (p < 0.05). Thymol fed animals in Exp. II had a lower number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes at the proximal (p < 0.05) and at the distal (p < 0.1) small intestine as compared to control animals. Mean concentration of the active ingredient in the stomach and proximal small intestine for the 2000 mg kg
−1
carvacrol diet was 521 and 5 mg kg
−1
fresh digesta, respectively, and for the 2000 mg kg
−1
thymol diets it ranged between 475 and 647 and between 13 and 24 mg kg
−1
fresh digesta, respectively. Cumulative absorption in the proximal small intestine was higher than 90% for all treatments and was not affected by formulation type. These data suggest that carvacrol and thymol can improve gut health, but evidence for clear antimicrobial effects towards the major culturable bacteria of the pig foregut is limited.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1745-039X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1477-2817</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/17450390903499915</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20481352</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Routledge</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Antimicrobial agents ; Biochemical analysis ; Carvacrol ; Celite ; Data processing ; Dietary supplements ; Diets ; Digestive tract ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Foregut ; Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects ; Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology ; intestinal absorption ; intestinal microorganisms ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Metabolites ; Monoterpenes - pharmacology ; piglets ; Small intestine ; Stomach ; Swine ; thymol ; Thymol - pharmacology ; Villus ; Weaning</subject><ispartof>Archives of animal nutrition, 2010-04, Vol.64 (2), p.136-154</ispartof><rights>Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 2010</rights><rights>Copyright Taylor & Francis Ltd. Apr 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-50e074969566350ba21dc1551fa3c49f141ccdbabbf3877c19a59f1c2f2ebd693</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-50e074969566350ba21dc1551fa3c49f141ccdbabbf3877c19a59f1c2f2ebd693</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17450390903499915$$EPDF$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17450390903499915$$EHTML$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,59624,60413</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20481352$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Michiels, Joris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Missotten, Joris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Hoorick, An</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ovyn, Anneke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fremaut, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Smet, Stefaan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dierick, Noël</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning</title><title>Archives of animal nutrition</title><addtitle>Arch Anim Nutr</addtitle><description>Two trials were conducted to study the effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacterial counts, metabolites and functional traits of the gut in weaned piglets. In the first experiment (Exp. I), 25 piglets (28 d, 6.59 ± 0.48 kg BW) were allocated to five dietary treatments: a control diet, or the same diet supplemented with either carvacrol or thymol at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. In the second experiment (Exp. II), 35 piglets (28 d, 7.99 ± 0.73 kg BW) were assigned to seven dietary treatments: the same control diet as in Exp. I, or this diet supplemented with thymol in one of three formulations (on celite, on alphacel or microencapsulated) at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. At 11/12 days post-weaning piglets were euthanised, and digesta from stomach, proximal and distal small intestine were sampled for bacteriological and biochemical analysis. Small intestinal tissue was sampled for histo-morphological determinations. In none of the experiments or sections of the gut was the number of bacteria lowered by the carvacrol or thymol supplementation. In Exp. I, the villus/crypt ratio at the distal small intestine for the experimental diets (1.30-1.32) was higher than for the control diet (1.24) (p < 0.05). Thymol fed animals in Exp. II had a lower number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes at the proximal (p < 0.05) and at the distal (p < 0.1) small intestine as compared to control animals. Mean concentration of the active ingredient in the stomach and proximal small intestine for the 2000 mg kg
−1
carvacrol diet was 521 and 5 mg kg
−1
fresh digesta, respectively, and for the 2000 mg kg
−1
thymol diets it ranged between 475 and 647 and between 13 and 24 mg kg
−1
fresh digesta, respectively. Cumulative absorption in the proximal small intestine was higher than 90% for all treatments and was not affected by formulation type. These data suggest that carvacrol and thymol can improve gut health, but evidence for clear antimicrobial effects towards the major culturable bacteria of the pig foregut is limited.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Biochemical analysis</subject><subject>Carvacrol</subject><subject>Celite</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Diets</subject><subject>Digestive tract</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Foregut</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology</subject><subject>intestinal absorption</subject><subject>intestinal microorganisms</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Monoterpenes - pharmacology</subject><subject>piglets</subject><subject>Small intestine</subject><subject>Stomach</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>thymol</subject><subject>Thymol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Villus</subject><subject>Weaning</subject><issn>1745-039X</issn><issn>1477-2817</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUU1vFSEUJUZja_UHuDHETVejMMAwJG5M06pJEzdt4o7cYeCVhhmewFjftr-8TF91YRO74uZ8Afcg9JaSD5T05COVXBCmiCKMK6WoeIYOKZeyaXsqn9e58k0V_DhAr3K-JoQx1smX6KAlvKdMtIfo9tQ5a0rG0eExZothHrGLaVoCFB_nFTeQfoFJMdyT5Wo31bFSA5hik4d7OMfJYrfMZnVBwCWB38eWK4s3S8F-xlu_Cbai4KoR31iY_bx5jV44CNm-eTiP0OXZ6cXJ1-b8-5dvJ5_PG8M7UhpBLJFcdUp0HRNkgJaOhgpBHTDDlaOcGjMOMAyO9VIaqkBU1LSutcPYKXaEjve52xR_LjYXPflsbAgw27hkrQivW6GCPamUjNFeCL4q3_-jvI5Lqv_Puu_WZ8h-vZjuRXWHOSfr9Db5CdJOU6LXIvWjIqvn3UPwMkx2_Ov401wVfNoL_LzWBTcxhVEX2IWYXILZ-KzZ__Llk_ZHLl1-F3YHKZC-hg</recordid><startdate>201004</startdate><enddate>201004</enddate><creator>Michiels, Joris</creator><creator>Missotten, Joris</creator><creator>Van Hoorick, An</creator><creator>Ovyn, Anneke</creator><creator>Fremaut, Dirk</creator><creator>De Smet, Stefaan</creator><creator>Dierick, Noël</creator><general>Routledge</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QL</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201004</creationdate><title>Effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning</title><author>Michiels, Joris ; Missotten, Joris ; Van Hoorick, An ; Ovyn, Anneke ; Fremaut, Dirk ; De Smet, Stefaan ; Dierick, Noël</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-50e074969566350ba21dc1551fa3c49f141ccdbabbf3877c19a59f1c2f2ebd693</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Biochemical analysis</topic><topic>Carvacrol</topic><topic>Celite</topic><topic>Data processing</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Diets</topic><topic>Digestive tract</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Foregut</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology</topic><topic>intestinal absorption</topic><topic>intestinal microorganisms</topic><topic>Lymphocytes</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Monoterpenes - pharmacology</topic><topic>piglets</topic><topic>Small intestine</topic><topic>Stomach</topic><topic>Swine</topic><topic>thymol</topic><topic>Thymol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Villus</topic><topic>Weaning</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Michiels, Joris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Missotten, Joris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Hoorick, An</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ovyn, Anneke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fremaut, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Smet, Stefaan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dierick, Noël</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><jtitle>Archives of animal nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Michiels, Joris</au><au>Missotten, Joris</au><au>Van Hoorick, An</au><au>Ovyn, Anneke</au><au>Fremaut, Dirk</au><au>De Smet, Stefaan</au><au>Dierick, Noël</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning</atitle><jtitle>Archives of animal nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Anim Nutr</addtitle><date>2010-04</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>136</spage><epage>154</epage><pages>136-154</pages><issn>1745-039X</issn><eissn>1477-2817</eissn><abstract>Two trials were conducted to study the effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacterial counts, metabolites and functional traits of the gut in weaned piglets. In the first experiment (Exp. I), 25 piglets (28 d, 6.59 ± 0.48 kg BW) were allocated to five dietary treatments: a control diet, or the same diet supplemented with either carvacrol or thymol at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. In the second experiment (Exp. II), 35 piglets (28 d, 7.99 ± 0.73 kg BW) were assigned to seven dietary treatments: the same control diet as in Exp. I, or this diet supplemented with thymol in one of three formulations (on celite, on alphacel or microencapsulated) at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg
−1
. At 11/12 days post-weaning piglets were euthanised, and digesta from stomach, proximal and distal small intestine were sampled for bacteriological and biochemical analysis. Small intestinal tissue was sampled for histo-morphological determinations. In none of the experiments or sections of the gut was the number of bacteria lowered by the carvacrol or thymol supplementation. In Exp. I, the villus/crypt ratio at the distal small intestine for the experimental diets (1.30-1.32) was higher than for the control diet (1.24) (p < 0.05). Thymol fed animals in Exp. II had a lower number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes at the proximal (p < 0.05) and at the distal (p < 0.1) small intestine as compared to control animals. Mean concentration of the active ingredient in the stomach and proximal small intestine for the 2000 mg kg
−1
carvacrol diet was 521 and 5 mg kg
−1
fresh digesta, respectively, and for the 2000 mg kg
−1
thymol diets it ranged between 475 and 647 and between 13 and 24 mg kg
−1
fresh digesta, respectively. Cumulative absorption in the proximal small intestine was higher than 90% for all treatments and was not affected by formulation type. These data suggest that carvacrol and thymol can improve gut health, but evidence for clear antimicrobial effects towards the major culturable bacteria of the pig foregut is limited.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Routledge</pub><pmid>20481352</pmid><doi>10.1080/17450390903499915</doi><tpages>19</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1745-039X |
| ispartof | Archives of animal nutrition, 2010-04, Vol.64 (2), p.136-154 |
| issn | 1745-039X 1477-2817 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmed_primary_20481352 |
| source | MEDLINE; Taylor & Francis Journals |
| subjects | Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antimicrobial agents Biochemical analysis Carvacrol Celite Data processing Dietary supplements Diets Digestive tract Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Foregut Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology intestinal absorption intestinal microorganisms Lymphocytes Male Metabolites Monoterpenes - pharmacology piglets Small intestine Stomach Swine thymol Thymol - pharmacology Villus Weaning |
| title | Effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-22T16%3A04%3A03IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects%20of%20dose%20and%20formulation%20of%20carvacrol%20and%20thymol%20on%20bacteria%20and%20some%20functional%20traits%20of%20the%20gut%20in%20piglets%20after%20weaning&rft.jtitle=Archives%20of%20animal%20nutrition&rft.au=Michiels,%20Joris&rft.date=2010-04&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=136&rft.epage=154&rft.pages=136-154&rft.issn=1745-039X&rft.eissn=1477-2817&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080/17450390903499915&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E733185543%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=863877789&rft_id=info:pmid/20481352&rfr_iscdi=true |